{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2","short_pith_number":"pith:3CVMXKN5","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.07948","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T03:13:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"0335587939ba7b29aa575940177c3a565cbc08d344f941918e44d8e673f22083","abstract_canon_sha256":"9849b577608ffb23116986c513567370bab844c56b44bb1564e87b9e44dc7cdb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d8aacba9bd52b8694e11bdf30919e01ebac38da88a1d8799141f235d652cc144","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1506.07948","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.07948","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.07948v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.07948","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3CVMXKN5KK4G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3CVMXKN5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.07948","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T03:13:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"title_canon_sha256":"0335587939ba7b29aa575940177c3a565cbc08d344f941918e44d8e673f22083","abstract_canon_sha256":"9849b577608ffb23116986c513567370bab844c56b44bb1564e87b9e44dc7cdb"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d8aacba9bd52b8694e11bdf30919e01ebac38da88a1d8799141f235d652cc144","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46.455182Z","signature_b64":"i+Hlkt3C6ondZNBL985hnA4BdnG5BSQiQrkUmLsauxx0LnOM0fI4Tm6Kbs34BJcPjKg4mPjTgLLT4xFGXvE3Aw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d8aacba9bd52b8694e11bdf30919e01ebac38da88a1d8799141f235d652cc144","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46.454618Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46.454618Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1506.07948","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ghFxG+rO84zP+kq18+Vnt4Pj1M1vn6lVAhOoG0GpMGFN+lrzcAy7K0Wzck7FwmCRSuMTvJC3F/RCsKZTVwG/BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T07:11:13.575289Z"},"content_sha256":"4a86b0e4f2d4d970f6b81a4f99ce84832dd1385c487fcfbf8df0d56e84c17ad9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4a86b0e4f2d4d970f6b81a4f99ce84832dd1385c487fcfbf8df0d56e84c17ad9"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Pulsar Observations of Extreme Scattering Events","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"D. Reardon, G. Hobbs, J. B. Wang, L. Toomey, L. Wen, M. Bailes, M. J. Keith, M. Kerr, N. D. R. Bhat, R. M. Shannon, R. N. Manchester, S. Burke-Spolaor, S. Dai, S. Oslowski, V. Ravi, W. A. Coles, W. van Straten, X. J. Zhu, X. P. You, Y. Levin","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T03:13:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"Extreme scattering events (ESEs) in the interstellar medium (ISM) were first observed in regular flux measurements of compact extragalactic sources. They are characterized by a flux variation over a period of weeks, suggesting the passage of a \"diverging plasma lens\" across the line of sight. Modeling the refraction of such a lens indicates that the structure size must be of order AU and the electron density of order 10s of cm^{-3}. Similar structures have been observed in measurements of pulsar intensity scintillation and group delay. Here we report observations of two ESEs showing increases "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.07948","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"zrenklqZDLJu7ZaKgxg6QYyLg2eKXhjeK+AhVtoVebKBncIFR2LJ0eJbLwu4i2n90SjSterzUWB2eOFb91tPCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T07:11:13.576043Z"},"content_sha256":"3d441a7d371ef3ce499cfc251f303109bbf9f3af48ba6d0ff1e2664ad5978d19","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3d441a7d371ef3ce499cfc251f303109bbf9f3af48ba6d0ff1e2664ad5978d19"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T07:11:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQRXXZQSGPAD2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9849b577608ffb23116986c513567370bab844c56b44bb1564e87b9e44dc7cdb","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T03:13:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"0335587939ba7b29aa575940177c3a565cbc08d344f941918e44d8e673f22083"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.07948","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.07948","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.07948v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.07948","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3CVMXKN5KK4G","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3CVMXKN5KK4GSTQR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3CVMXKN5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:02Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3d441a7d371ef3ce499cfc251f303109bbf9f3af48ba6d0ff1e2664ad5978d19","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Extreme scattering events (ESEs) in the interstellar medium (ISM) were first observed in regular flux measurements of compact extragalactic sources. They are characterized by a flux variation over a period of weeks, suggesting the passage of a \"diverging plasma lens\" across the line of sight. Modeling the refraction of such a lens indicates that the structure size must be of order AU and the electron density of order 10s of cm^{-3}. Similar structures have been observed in measurements of pulsar intensity scintillation and group delay. Here we report observations of two ESEs showing increases ","authors_text":"D. Reardon, G. Hobbs, J. B. Wang, L. Toomey, L. Wen, M. Bailes, M. J. Keith, M. Kerr, N. D. R. Bhat, R. M. Shannon, R. N. Manchester, S. Burke-Spolaor, S. Dai, S. Oslowski, V. Ravi, W. A. Coles, W. van Straten, X. J. Zhu, X. P. You, Y. Levin","cross_cats":["astro-ph.HE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T03:13:03Z","title":"Pulsar Observations of Extreme Scattering Events"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.07948","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4a86b0e4f2d4d970f6b81a4f99ce84832dd1385c487fcfbf8df0d56e84c17ad9","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9849b577608ffb23116986c513567370bab844c56b44bb1564e87b9e44dc7cdb","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.HE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2015-06-26T03:13:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"0335587939ba7b29aa575940177c3a565cbc08d344f941918e44d8e673f22083"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.07948","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d8aacba9bd52b8694e11bdf30919e01ebac38da88a1d8799141f235d652cc144","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d8aacba9bd52b8694e11bdf30919e01ebac38da88a1d8799141f235d652cc144","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46.454618Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46.454618Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"i+Hlkt3C6ondZNBL985hnA4BdnG5BSQiQrkUmLsauxx0LnOM0fI4Tm6Kbs34BJcPjKg4mPjTgLLT4xFGXvE3Aw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:35:46.455182Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1506.07948","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4a86b0e4f2d4d970f6b81a4f99ce84832dd1385c487fcfbf8df0d56e84c17ad9","sha256:3d441a7d371ef3ce499cfc251f303109bbf9f3af48ba6d0ff1e2664ad5978d19"],"state_sha256":"c59d66803a53433ff443943abe22edd3f8ed3bb682601d3f7cd0e1566ae127cf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nD45RNTVPxWZqs2QkKfkz1DUS/92c/ygj1J3kNfzlRqjyzg8P1/cNHpRdFjScT7U2YQNU+Ej8YSE9S3uYRKHAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T07:11:13.579765Z","bundle_sha256":"07cc48d1afcf3b004a6f3e01a47a4ee5b005a47ce3d6bea19eb98ea4f9e57b62"}}