{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU","short_pith_number":"pith:3DG7FL57","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1410.5078","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2014-10-19T14:34:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"b63ecfb666a57ad5867b5b78d426cc8df9becc44918c9d8fa1e93c0cf39688a1","abstract_canon_sha256":"82735a6b307e8bd132f245a67e2c6d80960d50a306ee98b607a6d07d8e862282"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d8cdf2afbf678805df8f42c477a3e92d21804b77dbdea75d01890ae15eb93190","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1410.5078","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1410.5078","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1410.5078v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1410.5078","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3DG7FL57M6EA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3DG7FL57M6EALX4P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3DG7FL57","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1410.5078","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2014-10-19T14:34:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"title_canon_sha256":"b63ecfb666a57ad5867b5b78d426cc8df9becc44918c9d8fa1e93c0cf39688a1","abstract_canon_sha256":"82735a6b307e8bd132f245a67e2c6d80960d50a306ee98b607a6d07d8e862282"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d8cdf2afbf678805df8f42c477a3e92d21804b77dbdea75d01890ae15eb93190","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46.979152Z","signature_b64":"jes4FmZHjjlxCZjCHsnIXwYI8TlekL0v5oeeEoJgTXfCVvNyiCEz7sY0uUguTnBsDHsPkjyXIuzIyEJWxqNyCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d8cdf2afbf678805df8f42c477a3e92d21804b77dbdea75d01890ae15eb93190","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46.978653Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46.978653Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1410.5078","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"RuvDI6ytNhRFjajJgHts2v2j63QblLv9CuTcdFh+yDnejPEw2UMqBNxTbrpqOtTEVlG3MlBMzX/i2AKYf24LBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T19:17:33.806221Z"},"content_sha256":"ce3f56453b65d79e06544d3b6f6d40da998bdb22d316b26cab420cdb0800c43c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ce3f56453b65d79e06544d3b6f6d40da998bdb22d316b26cab420cdb0800c43c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Learning Vague Concepts for the Semantic Web","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"primary_cat":"cs.AI","authors_text":"Ewan Klein, Paolo Pareti","submitted_at":"2014-10-19T14:34:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Ontologies can be a powerful tool for structuring knowledge, and they are currently the subject of extensive research. Updating the contents of an ontology or improving its interoperability with other ontologies is an important but difficult process. In this paper, we focus on the presence of vague concepts, which are pervasive in natural language, within the framework of formal ontologies. We will adopt a framework in which vagueness is captured via numerical restrictions that can be automatically adjusted. Since updating vague concepts, either through ontology alignment or ontology evolution"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1410.5078","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"LzYbAoVIgN1NwE17fY7cM3W74IEpiFPWWFb+thhqb6DY5dII4J//UygmWXSj6iZh3Q4jBv9lac8fBoKBOWXCCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T19:17:33.814400Z"},"content_sha256":"d1330e4af6cd015bae797eac26f13c3cb5ae4ab316d331f19249fb0462adc6dc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d1330e4af6cd015bae797eac26f13c3cb5ae4ab316d331f19249fb0462adc6dc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T19:17:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:3DG7FL57M6EALX4PILCHPI7JFU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"82735a6b307e8bd132f245a67e2c6d80960d50a306ee98b607a6d07d8e862282","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2014-10-19T14:34:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"b63ecfb666a57ad5867b5b78d426cc8df9becc44918c9d8fa1e93c0cf39688a1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1410.5078","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1410.5078","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1410.5078v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1410.5078","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3DG7FL57M6EA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3DG7FL57M6EALX4P","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3DG7FL57","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d1330e4af6cd015bae797eac26f13c3cb5ae4ab316d331f19249fb0462adc6dc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Ontologies can be a powerful tool for structuring knowledge, and they are currently the subject of extensive research. Updating the contents of an ontology or improving its interoperability with other ontologies is an important but difficult process. In this paper, we focus on the presence of vague concepts, which are pervasive in natural language, within the framework of formal ontologies. We will adopt a framework in which vagueness is captured via numerical restrictions that can be automatically adjusted. Since updating vague concepts, either through ontology alignment or ontology evolution","authors_text":"Ewan Klein, Paolo Pareti","cross_cats":["cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2014-10-19T14:34:23Z","title":"Learning Vague Concepts for the Semantic Web"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1410.5078","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ce3f56453b65d79e06544d3b6f6d40da998bdb22d316b26cab420cdb0800c43c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"82735a6b307e8bd132f245a67e2c6d80960d50a306ee98b607a6d07d8e862282","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AI","submitted_at":"2014-10-19T14:34:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"b63ecfb666a57ad5867b5b78d426cc8df9becc44918c9d8fa1e93c0cf39688a1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1410.5078","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d8cdf2afbf678805df8f42c477a3e92d21804b77dbdea75d01890ae15eb93190","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d8cdf2afbf678805df8f42c477a3e92d21804b77dbdea75d01890ae15eb93190","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46.978653Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46.978653Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"jes4FmZHjjlxCZjCHsnIXwYI8TlekL0v5oeeEoJgTXfCVvNyiCEz7sY0uUguTnBsDHsPkjyXIuzIyEJWxqNyCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:39:46.979152Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1410.5078","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ce3f56453b65d79e06544d3b6f6d40da998bdb22d316b26cab420cdb0800c43c","sha256:d1330e4af6cd015bae797eac26f13c3cb5ae4ab316d331f19249fb0462adc6dc"],"state_sha256":"f2003ea38e71035670c2ba59f455c1fef35ef7b4a2581a512770c0fcf38aa37a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"WKRcgm43qwdoNFY2UWmZbtLdeV1AVPvbs9/tK2Qtuh5JtixIOvVo2Gx0rGQ/NI0Mu6XdZ9Gg06tIEt04Mxj1BQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T19:17:33.831365Z","bundle_sha256":"f7f5c161928f7f1bea0f5440ee5ebb2dffebfb27eec4cb81da7fce86318f7798"}}