{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2014:3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN","short_pith_number":"pith:3DVN4WVD","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"d8eade5aa39496c673b810723576031b625baf58ed25bd3da5d1b10daf150bd4","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1406.6060","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Circular Polarization of Pulsar Wind Nebulae and the Cosmic-Ray Positron Excess","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Tim Linden","submitted_at":"2014-06-23T20:00:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent observations by the PAMELA and AMS-02 telescopes have uncovered an anomalous rise in the positron fraction at energies above 10~GeV. One possible explanation for this excess is the production of primary electron/positron pairs through electromagnetic cascades in pulsar magnetospheres. This process results in a high multiplicity of electron/positron pairs within the wind-termination shock of pulsar wind nebula (PWN). A consequence of this scenario is that no circular polarization should be observed within PWN, since the contributions from electrons and positrons exactly cancel. Here we n"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1406.6060","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2014-06-23T20:00:32Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c19882b5a08e8ae58a4c52d804e4aaaac47a09bd53f93b48006f6857a2aaf936","abstract_canon_sha256":"05e70bbf6395b6ba7ec144f0c1b4c359f737739e1aba1d39f58fed3ba3ae55d6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:51.342956Z","signature_b64":"kr7jp1j0n3ATkit9vxDAo1vR//i2CxF2ep1XjnEmGtaQTXhJaFa9T0w2kk+fzW6KiajYbI894XLMjIy3Kq4jCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d8eade5aa39496c673b810723576031b625baf58ed25bd3da5d1b10daf150bd4","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:51.342361Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:51.342361Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Circular Polarization of Pulsar Wind Nebulae and the Cosmic-Ray Positron Excess","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Tim Linden","submitted_at":"2014-06-23T20:00:32Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent observations by the PAMELA and AMS-02 telescopes have uncovered an anomalous rise in the positron fraction at energies above 10~GeV. One possible explanation for this excess is the production of primary electron/positron pairs through electromagnetic cascades in pulsar magnetospheres. This process results in a high multiplicity of electron/positron pairs within the wind-termination shock of pulsar wind nebula (PWN). A consequence of this scenario is that no circular polarization should be observed within PWN, since the contributions from electrons and positrons exactly cancel. Here we n"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1406.6060","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1406.6060","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:51.342455+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1406.6060v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:51.342455+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1406.6060","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:51.342455+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3DVN4WVDSSLM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11.866339+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3DVN4WVDSSLMM45Y","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11.866339+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3DVN4WVD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11.866339+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN","json":"https://pith.science/pith/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/3DVN4WVD"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/3DVN4WVD","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1406.6060&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/3DVN4WVDSSLMM45YCBZDK5QDDN/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:51.342455+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T01:42:51.342455+00:00"}