{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52","short_pith_number":"pith:3FG5GPW4","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1402.3088","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2014-02-13T11:05:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e034860033aa6017ddf288af52387ca2896f44d49472a2e8d45be98005b3449d","abstract_canon_sha256":"d8de91cb5af65f498d68d333d6fa47e02b4b6d1cd7efb4b5e63f512e5eb57ba6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d94dd33edcfcd3a559095c16ec8e46ee9372b6c02282d7db3080c00ab61a9b88","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1402.3088","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1402.3088","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1402.3088v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1402.3088","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3FG5GPW47TJ2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3FG5GPW4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1402.3088","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2014-02-13T11:05:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e034860033aa6017ddf288af52387ca2896f44d49472a2e8d45be98005b3449d","abstract_canon_sha256":"d8de91cb5af65f498d68d333d6fa47e02b4b6d1cd7efb4b5e63f512e5eb57ba6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d94dd33edcfcd3a559095c16ec8e46ee9372b6c02282d7db3080c00ab61a9b88","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38.597890Z","signature_b64":"bQ78JbDsLPD6JN1XiWAZ5GVgfBDmaZEPw32XCmJ2VYz5QsEh0kO7WhfZlndUVSUeq/6/Ceq+3tTLubJjqHnSCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d94dd33edcfcd3a559095c16ec8e46ee9372b6c02282d7db3080c00ab61a9b88","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38.597257Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38.597257Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1402.3088","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Yc6Q2Mixz2rYqUziUr5IxEvJ7QAeAIQi9aC/6RTp1MXipcFzsaAgFUlla/MBZKRtDsJaEugI21bBtrgbKNV9AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T17:48:48.323622Z"},"content_sha256":"f285583c16f8b55190960ca8a7740e9691a8d3d23693799f4357fcd727566fdf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f285583c16f8b55190960ca8a7740e9691a8d3d23693799f4357fcd727566fdf"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Laminar, turbulent and inertial shear-thickening regimes in channel flow of neutrally buoyant particle suspensions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","authors_text":"Francesco Picano, Iman Lashgari, Luca Brandt, Wim-Paul Breugem","submitted_at":"2014-02-13T11:05:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"The aim of this Letter is to characterize the flow regimes of suspensions of finite-size rigid particles in a viscous fluid at finite inertia. We explore the system behavior as function of the particle volume fraction and the Reynolds number (the ratio of flow and particle inertia to viscous forces). Unlike single phase flows where a clear distinction exists between the laminar and the turbulent states, three different regimes can be identified in the presence of a particulate phase, with smooth transitions between them. At low volume fractions, the flow becomes turbulent when increasing the R"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1402.3088","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"nC18EU0toDJZgh6IMxpUVzwVUKzvp33pSrXBkN5Qz3MgaL05PPyJ4t/btS7LgP06pZaTjwa1lwhLuWHsZdEKCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T17:48:48.324263Z"},"content_sha256":"244008217c58c1bc6135ad1a801d8a8deb40f698e4f93aacc29dde8db2f6242c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:244008217c58c1bc6135ad1a801d8a8deb40f698e4f93aacc29dde8db2f6242c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T17:48:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJLQLOZDSG52","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d8de91cb5af65f498d68d333d6fa47e02b4b6d1cd7efb4b5e63f512e5eb57ba6","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2014-02-13T11:05:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"e034860033aa6017ddf288af52387ca2896f44d49472a2e8d45be98005b3449d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1402.3088","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1402.3088","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1402.3088v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1402.3088","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3FG5GPW47TJ2","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3FG5GPW47TJ2KWIJ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3FG5GPW4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:244008217c58c1bc6135ad1a801d8a8deb40f698e4f93aacc29dde8db2f6242c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The aim of this Letter is to characterize the flow regimes of suspensions of finite-size rigid particles in a viscous fluid at finite inertia. We explore the system behavior as function of the particle volume fraction and the Reynolds number (the ratio of flow and particle inertia to viscous forces). Unlike single phase flows where a clear distinction exists between the laminar and the turbulent states, three different regimes can be identified in the presence of a particulate phase, with smooth transitions between them. At low volume fractions, the flow becomes turbulent when increasing the R","authors_text":"Francesco Picano, Iman Lashgari, Luca Brandt, Wim-Paul Breugem","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2014-02-13T11:05:38Z","title":"Laminar, turbulent and inertial shear-thickening regimes in channel flow of neutrally buoyant particle suspensions"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1402.3088","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f285583c16f8b55190960ca8a7740e9691a8d3d23693799f4357fcd727566fdf","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"d8de91cb5af65f498d68d333d6fa47e02b4b6d1cd7efb4b5e63f512e5eb57ba6","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.flu-dyn","submitted_at":"2014-02-13T11:05:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"e034860033aa6017ddf288af52387ca2896f44d49472a2e8d45be98005b3449d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1402.3088","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"d94dd33edcfcd3a559095c16ec8e46ee9372b6c02282d7db3080c00ab61a9b88","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d94dd33edcfcd3a559095c16ec8e46ee9372b6c02282d7db3080c00ab61a9b88","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38.597257Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38.597257Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"bQ78JbDsLPD6JN1XiWAZ5GVgfBDmaZEPw32XCmJ2VYz5QsEh0kO7WhfZlndUVSUeq/6/Ceq+3tTLubJjqHnSCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:38.597890Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1402.3088","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f285583c16f8b55190960ca8a7740e9691a8d3d23693799f4357fcd727566fdf","sha256:244008217c58c1bc6135ad1a801d8a8deb40f698e4f93aacc29dde8db2f6242c"],"state_sha256":"91a19c90619a12c2c55d685d5d885bb69937b1c4af7410da4e6aa463f177f3e8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"M38EajafPkP8rTHVZC4v5j7+EGkMiVR+4xyV0u9JsZH3BxX9+FIzXZbj6uhq9J0O6FiA4z/tkTCgm9GWXiXNBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T17:48:48.327996Z","bundle_sha256":"101c7f0bf3cf2c86d2a51d0b2499639adf0548ee26c2eea331980ecd85c8272e"}}