{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA","short_pith_number":"pith:3HG5EJMV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1103.6115","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-31T07:46:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"69cd9e8464546a2dc82edc1a76eb28445d9ac7399f87cc2cd5e7a6a47074ebe6","abstract_canon_sha256":"6a9a1eb8c2b6bbf0bf15e5a509622994f24ea70732b5517908987ff9c2ab8cdc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d9cdd22595620dce534759bd7d4ee4280b2c4778a04630a8b3404b53cbc7d6ee","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1103.6115","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1103.6115","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1103.6115v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1103.6115","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3HG5EJMVMIG4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3HG5EJMVMIG44U2H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3HG5EJMV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1103.6115","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-31T07:46:49Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"69cd9e8464546a2dc82edc1a76eb28445d9ac7399f87cc2cd5e7a6a47074ebe6","abstract_canon_sha256":"6a9a1eb8c2b6bbf0bf15e5a509622994f24ea70732b5517908987ff9c2ab8cdc"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"d9cdd22595620dce534759bd7d4ee4280b2c4778a04630a8b3404b53cbc7d6ee","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36.365981Z","signature_b64":"tC/GWgrna1V6cetgME55Q02nN6x0tN5nTRWiRnr5PwES44mn3b9wfiubNBDJ9rm8FX4hKyTtGDrM4NfmIetLBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"d9cdd22595620dce534759bd7d4ee4280b2c4778a04630a8b3404b53cbc7d6ee","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36.365267Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36.365267Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1103.6115","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5MPTcJ0M0L+w+aGX0an1ehSv8HVIyHeBTyzaHAVWO052PW6CXWZUG67wX/+XrMg5XdHbhB/o/iyN7cgOjpl8CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T02:40:06.294625Z"},"content_sha256":"ca80db2cf84c17a4fd7e968b3aa5876386e710b871324ef7eae4e227381bdaaf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ca80db2cf84c17a4fd7e968b3aa5876386e710b871324ef7eae4e227381bdaaf"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Aharonov-Casher effect in Bi$_{\\rm 2}$Se$_{\\rm 3}$ square-ring interferometers","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","authors_text":"Changli Yang, Fanming Qu, Fan Yang, Guangtong Liu, Huaixin Yang, Jiangbo Lu, Jie Fan, Jie Shen, Jun Chen, Li Lu, Yongqing Li, Yuanjun Song, Yue Ding, Zhongqing Ji","submitted_at":"2011-03-31T07:46:49Z","abstract_excerpt":"Electrical control of spin dynamics in Bi$_{\\rm 2}$Se$_{\\rm 3}$ was investigated in ring-type interferometers. Aharonov-Bohm and Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak resistance oscillations against magnetic field, and Aharorov-Casher resistance oscillations against gate voltage were observed in the presence of a Berry phase of $\\pi$. A very large tunability of spin precession angle by gate voltage has been obtained, indicating that Bi$_{\\rm 2}$Se$_{\\rm 3}$-related materials with strong spin-orbit coupling are promising candidates for constructing novel spintronic devices."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1103.6115","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"l5dyOmtHv8rAOgwHFhqhPhdd2qzMV4l2gGTy4B96kzcyyPv/O5+KKANguKLqK3/jyySVkNmWxrBU1mxV0ginAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T02:40:06.295355Z"},"content_sha256":"a3d69910fe7184b7302db5876b5f51be151b2ef520ea7bacb2589090b99ba164","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a3d69910fe7184b7302db5876b5f51be151b2ef520ea7bacb2589090b99ba164"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T02:40:06Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:3HG5EJMVMIG44U2HLG6X2TXEFA","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6a9a1eb8c2b6bbf0bf15e5a509622994f24ea70732b5517908987ff9c2ab8cdc","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-31T07:46:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"69cd9e8464546a2dc82edc1a76eb28445d9ac7399f87cc2cd5e7a6a47074ebe6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1103.6115","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1103.6115","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1103.6115v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1103.6115","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3HG5EJMVMIG4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3HG5EJMVMIG44U2H","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3HG5EJMV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a3d69910fe7184b7302db5876b5f51be151b2ef520ea7bacb2589090b99ba164","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Electrical control of spin dynamics in Bi$_{\\rm 2}$Se$_{\\rm 3}$ was investigated in ring-type interferometers. Aharonov-Bohm and Altshuler-Aronov-Spivak resistance oscillations against magnetic field, and Aharorov-Casher resistance oscillations against gate voltage were observed in the presence of a Berry phase of $\\pi$. A very large tunability of spin precession angle by gate voltage has been obtained, indicating that Bi$_{\\rm 2}$Se$_{\\rm 3}$-related materials with strong spin-orbit coupling are promising candidates for constructing novel spintronic devices.","authors_text":"Changli Yang, Fanming Qu, Fan Yang, Guangtong Liu, Huaixin Yang, Jiangbo Lu, Jie Fan, Jie Shen, Jun Chen, Li Lu, Yongqing Li, Yuanjun Song, Yue Ding, Zhongqing Ji","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-31T07:46:49Z","title":"Aharonov-Casher effect in Bi$_{\\rm 2}$Se$_{\\rm 3}$ square-ring interferometers"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1103.6115","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:ca80db2cf84c17a4fd7e968b3aa5876386e710b871324ef7eae4e227381bdaaf","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"6a9a1eb8c2b6bbf0bf15e5a509622994f24ea70732b5517908987ff9c2ab8cdc","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mes-hall","submitted_at":"2011-03-31T07:46:49Z","title_canon_sha256":"69cd9e8464546a2dc82edc1a76eb28445d9ac7399f87cc2cd5e7a6a47074ebe6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1103.6115","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"d9cdd22595620dce534759bd7d4ee4280b2c4778a04630a8b3404b53cbc7d6ee","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"d9cdd22595620dce534759bd7d4ee4280b2c4778a04630a8b3404b53cbc7d6ee","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36.365267Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36.365267Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"tC/GWgrna1V6cetgME55Q02nN6x0tN5nTRWiRnr5PwES44mn3b9wfiubNBDJ9rm8FX4hKyTtGDrM4NfmIetLBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:56:36.365981Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1103.6115","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:ca80db2cf84c17a4fd7e968b3aa5876386e710b871324ef7eae4e227381bdaaf","sha256:a3d69910fe7184b7302db5876b5f51be151b2ef520ea7bacb2589090b99ba164"],"state_sha256":"2d54ec7c418da31b96b24bd578d6fa73bb2ef8f50c271788d3984720afec5c31"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vNqDE/DG6kyajdyBRjOnuGx9SCoMtG7JQ23lFZI59+Tpb6x+ZFRapsYrtWsxjwEOSueaHVxfy5q8Ms/SLKOMAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T02:40:06.299037Z","bundle_sha256":"c879edbf69102729a063766edcfecec5e4f2fc3a97f6ae6c70bb8796cdf55714"}}