{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK","short_pith_number":"pith:3J2TTDYD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1102.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2011-02-18T21:20:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4d36fd88d95331b80845cdc436a439c3521a08be54646f3d907aa5fa8101c773","abstract_canon_sha256":"e01ca2460d9d69dc7b74ea673150ad766a3472f0cc0c9aa25ad007a4bc9f73f0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"da75398f0380fd74148f1f73e2ae740282786b55b6b55f6aee0df2df7a2d2e3e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1102.3922","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1102.3922","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1102.3922v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1102.3922","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3J2TTDYDQD6X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3J2TTDYD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1102.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2011-02-18T21:20:39Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4d36fd88d95331b80845cdc436a439c3521a08be54646f3d907aa5fa8101c773","abstract_canon_sha256":"e01ca2460d9d69dc7b74ea673150ad766a3472f0cc0c9aa25ad007a4bc9f73f0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"da75398f0380fd74148f1f73e2ae740282786b55b6b55f6aee0df2df7a2d2e3e","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07.643964Z","signature_b64":"w/pFB+g6EnlRbM8nPluGnQR0uGWSmy/m9e7KzEt8eiUatr33j5fSnlVfaZg5Cnl6hyBy3YuzD1Mj4/N9djMlBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"da75398f0380fd74148f1f73e2ae740282786b55b6b55f6aee0df2df7a2d2e3e","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07.643050Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07.643050Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1102.3922","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uowljm4vnDGUAmMhOx/vUQJFZd+cdLnjvx0fbre0apfSF11WW4muqzoNviCy8qGw7g4rd+z7kfGZFk5Ajr0wAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T06:54:21.438508Z"},"content_sha256":"b3e7b8e8f7ba848b6d8cad39a44a195df43c33cdf0d756203f5dc67fc09634bb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b3e7b8e8f7ba848b6d8cad39a44a195df43c33cdf0d756203f5dc67fc09634bb"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2011:3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Dependence of Brown Dwarf Radii on Atmospheric Metallicity and Clouds: Theory and Comparison with Observations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"Adam Burrows, Kevin Heng, Thane Nampaisarn","submitted_at":"2011-02-18T21:20:39Z","abstract_excerpt":"Employing realistic and consistent atmosphere boundary conditions, we have generated evolutionary models for brown dwarfs and very-low-mass stars (VLMs) for different metallicities ([Fe/H]), with and without clouds. We find that the spread in radius at a given mass and age can be as large as $\\sim$10% to $\\sim$25%, with higher-metallicity, higher-cloud-thickness atmospheres resulting quite naturally in larger radii. For each 0.1 dex increase in [Fe/H], radii increase by $\\sim$1% to $\\sim$2.5%, depending upon age and mass. We also find that, while for smaller masses and older ages brown dwarf r"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1102.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JmWxIneT3DU+twapsHlIH3w7SVyK959Nn6Ujz+aGlxrvjAs8jYyk8mSsnwNosyh57jBNcgPHEGCWFWYUXBQlCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T06:54:21.438858Z"},"content_sha256":"c1b7386fca7abb6d02a95d1a15c8f1637ee757d118a0c50f7d127d5b76904cc5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c1b7386fca7abb6d02a95d1a15c8f1637ee757d118a0c50f7d127d5b76904cc5"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T06:54:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2011:3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEPD5Z6FLTUAK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e01ca2460d9d69dc7b74ea673150ad766a3472f0cc0c9aa25ad007a4bc9f73f0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2011-02-18T21:20:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"4d36fd88d95331b80845cdc436a439c3521a08be54646f3d907aa5fa8101c773"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1102.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1102.3922","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1102.3922v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1102.3922","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3J2TTDYDQD6X","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3J2TTDYDQD6XIFEP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3J2TTDYD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:18Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c1b7386fca7abb6d02a95d1a15c8f1637ee757d118a0c50f7d127d5b76904cc5","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Employing realistic and consistent atmosphere boundary conditions, we have generated evolutionary models for brown dwarfs and very-low-mass stars (VLMs) for different metallicities ([Fe/H]), with and without clouds. We find that the spread in radius at a given mass and age can be as large as $\\sim$10% to $\\sim$25%, with higher-metallicity, higher-cloud-thickness atmospheres resulting quite naturally in larger radii. For each 0.1 dex increase in [Fe/H], radii increase by $\\sim$1% to $\\sim$2.5%, depending upon age and mass. We also find that, while for smaller masses and older ages brown dwarf r","authors_text":"Adam Burrows, Kevin Heng, Thane Nampaisarn","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2011-02-18T21:20:39Z","title":"The Dependence of Brown Dwarf Radii on Atmospheric Metallicity and Clouds: Theory and Comparison with Observations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1102.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b3e7b8e8f7ba848b6d8cad39a44a195df43c33cdf0d756203f5dc67fc09634bb","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e01ca2460d9d69dc7b74ea673150ad766a3472f0cc0c9aa25ad007a4bc9f73f0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2011-02-18T21:20:39Z","title_canon_sha256":"4d36fd88d95331b80845cdc436a439c3521a08be54646f3d907aa5fa8101c773"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1102.3922","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"da75398f0380fd74148f1f73e2ae740282786b55b6b55f6aee0df2df7a2d2e3e","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"da75398f0380fd74148f1f73e2ae740282786b55b6b55f6aee0df2df7a2d2e3e","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07.643050Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07.643050Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"w/pFB+g6EnlRbM8nPluGnQR0uGWSmy/m9e7KzEt8eiUatr33j5fSnlVfaZg5Cnl6hyBy3YuzD1Mj4/N9djMlBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:03:07.643964Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1102.3922","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b3e7b8e8f7ba848b6d8cad39a44a195df43c33cdf0d756203f5dc67fc09634bb","sha256:c1b7386fca7abb6d02a95d1a15c8f1637ee757d118a0c50f7d127d5b76904cc5"],"state_sha256":"6837ee43029fcaecffb84610e8b4c941468a0ee83f8ac0323dfb5d06a5d68f53"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"lqGSuXnahtCKjgv3AlsMOkWp/g3u9VolBFxLoIXL/JQwN0wnjaQKi0GP/83oD1vQadNLx+n19mAz6l10FnqhBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T06:54:21.440816Z","bundle_sha256":"366e12375cc6f19f8786d4ef4b64f23df9b1c80fe8d957da272998da705fde3e"}}