{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN","short_pith_number":"pith:3JYPLPAA","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2205.11618","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2022-05-23T20:32:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.pop-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"6cd47137a09c1e503b11569a0b0c4d63eecd01d371e2dc3be653932d5a71afae","abstract_canon_sha256":"3a51b1e5c5f4c0b079aa347fb834dc4747fac1a7826e099fa2d5c44c7c81fac6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"da70f5bc007f1b25e1582f405a2e1d836d20630140fa07a778993ccafb1bedcc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2205.11618","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2205.11618","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2205.11618v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2205.11618","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3JYPLPAAP4NS","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKY","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3JYPLPAA","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2205.11618","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2022-05-23T20:32:57Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.pop-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"6cd47137a09c1e503b11569a0b0c4d63eecd01d371e2dc3be653932d5a71afae","abstract_canon_sha256":"3a51b1e5c5f4c0b079aa347fb834dc4747fac1a7826e099fa2d5c44c7c81fac6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"da70f5bc007f1b25e1582f405a2e1d836d20630140fa07a778993ccafb1bedcc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37.923594Z","signature_b64":"FaMzZP69B71ooE8dOvte1SYZjIjH7D86Ai2AcKchmd1E1FQdewDhSP42zsl7Rd2wQ8YfNpEQnOqxh2Ld8TWVAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"da70f5bc007f1b25e1582f405a2e1d836d20630140fa07a778993ccafb1bedcc","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37.923034Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37.923034Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2205.11618","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vA+X+/fshtPZuOfuMD+7rUXlI2QeED7Iih4KhaO5rVD4u/xXodW4Ct10BIOS+S8U4yXSi6E1I0X0uS0fLlOJAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T00:14:03.067219Z"},"content_sha256":"359b0cc61435e1b2be41de43fb8880b4a14ac5d9ff4aaebb5846cb9686b4363a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:359b0cc61435e1b2be41de43fb8880b4a14ac5d9ff4aaebb5846cb9686b4363a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Estimating the prevalence of malicious extraterrestrial civilizations","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.pop-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","authors_text":"Alberto Caballero","submitted_at":"2022-05-23T20:32:57Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper attempts to provide an estimation of the prevalence of hostile extraterrestrial civilizations through an extrapolation of the probability that we, as the human civilization, would attack or invade an inhabited exoplanet once we become a Type-1 civilization in the Kardashev Scale capable of nearby interstellar travel. The estimation is based on the world's history of invasions in the last century, the military capabilities of the countries involved, and the global growth rate of energy consumption. Upper limits of standard deviations are used in order to obtain the estimated probabil"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2205.11618","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2205.11618/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"JS4kup/BS6Z5llrTAumC7CXvhZhyKAet5jV+ANUncMChVvOzbXi6wCULNrhGMTi7OVujfAzsAkp9LSY1alQQBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T00:14:03.067714Z"},"content_sha256":"47b4409c5e5546077a630fce8bdd6e94e0b4a38e9fd9535c739cdaaaf8692d63","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:47b4409c5e5546077a630fce8bdd6e94e0b4a38e9fd9535c739cdaaaf8692d63"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-01T00:14:03Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKYF5AFULQ5QN","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3a51b1e5c5f4c0b079aa347fb834dc4747fac1a7826e099fa2d5c44c7c81fac6","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.pop-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2022-05-23T20:32:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"6cd47137a09c1e503b11569a0b0c4d63eecd01d371e2dc3be653932d5a71afae"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2205.11618","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2205.11618","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2205.11618v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2205.11618","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3JYPLPAAP4NS","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3JYPLPAAP4NSLYKY","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3JYPLPAA","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:47b4409c5e5546077a630fce8bdd6e94e0b4a38e9fd9535c739cdaaaf8692d63","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2205.11618/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper attempts to provide an estimation of the prevalence of hostile extraterrestrial civilizations through an extrapolation of the probability that we, as the human civilization, would attack or invade an inhabited exoplanet once we become a Type-1 civilization in the Kardashev Scale capable of nearby interstellar travel. The estimation is based on the world's history of invasions in the last century, the military capabilities of the countries involved, and the global growth rate of energy consumption. Upper limits of standard deviations are used in order to obtain the estimated probabil","authors_text":"Alberto Caballero","cross_cats":["physics.pop-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2022-05-23T20:32:57Z","title":"Estimating the prevalence of malicious extraterrestrial civilizations"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2205.11618","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:359b0cc61435e1b2be41de43fb8880b4a14ac5d9ff4aaebb5846cb9686b4363a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3a51b1e5c5f4c0b079aa347fb834dc4747fac1a7826e099fa2d5c44c7c81fac6","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.pop-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.soc-ph","submitted_at":"2022-05-23T20:32:57Z","title_canon_sha256":"6cd47137a09c1e503b11569a0b0c4d63eecd01d371e2dc3be653932d5a71afae"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2205.11618","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"da70f5bc007f1b25e1582f405a2e1d836d20630140fa07a778993ccafb1bedcc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"da70f5bc007f1b25e1582f405a2e1d836d20630140fa07a778993ccafb1bedcc","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37.923034Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37.923034Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"FaMzZP69B71ooE8dOvte1SYZjIjH7D86Ai2AcKchmd1E1FQdewDhSP42zsl7Rd2wQ8YfNpEQnOqxh2Ld8TWVAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:26:37.923594Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2205.11618","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:359b0cc61435e1b2be41de43fb8880b4a14ac5d9ff4aaebb5846cb9686b4363a","sha256:47b4409c5e5546077a630fce8bdd6e94e0b4a38e9fd9535c739cdaaaf8692d63"],"state_sha256":"21ba555dc94d237e67d8082271c2e385ac02243a489e6b4021656ee8df1232ee"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bZVQH4nrbEVc9apXAjQz3yAl4cQbn4EBwMa8UIO0dOwXXR5hNdRMUahjyQt15yNtp1+CXSYSDPVmhxXlsydKAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-01T00:14:03.071916Z","bundle_sha256":"012325404bc0809eabf0978e6cf8294bbeb925decb73c68781cbfb43b7360c80"}}