{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL","short_pith_number":"pith:3KLLXAEI","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1402.2709","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2014-02-12T00:45:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9dbcd7baa618a355c716a03dfcca8010989ea42565097e118e113680888300c4","abstract_canon_sha256":"aea98f46dea258c208d3a03af837dc132528007d316a0477c4325201a34047b0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"da96bb8088aa5e6226c428bf5be09c1acffb3d025facc26f71a4e7f9984140b0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1402.2709","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1402.2709","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1402.2709v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1402.2709","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3KLLXAEIVJPG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3KLLXAEI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1402.2709","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2014-02-12T00:45:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9dbcd7baa618a355c716a03dfcca8010989ea42565097e118e113680888300c4","abstract_canon_sha256":"aea98f46dea258c208d3a03af837dc132528007d316a0477c4325201a34047b0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"da96bb8088aa5e6226c428bf5be09c1acffb3d025facc26f71a4e7f9984140b0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33.428831Z","signature_b64":"gC0UUJ/gvJrSwrray8h2rFWLrSQvgBKbO2iQf0qyapnGSCTyV/q9xWILO5FZuhqXtjT4TWvMp2Oa8CRJDglNDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"da96bb8088aa5e6226c428bf5be09c1acffb3d025facc26f71a4e7f9984140b0","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33.428096Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33.428096Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1402.2709","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fpwGg0d3xDt+hmSrns+roRbJcH1w/iEz7poZIs63KdnqtH9q9yOOBePSUyZYoAYguCAXCwPErBwLmYqX6CoeCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T17:18:33.646667Z"},"content_sha256":"f587ccf8e6180187af02a68e07643b423ad3d783a7410afc3f28efcc79a4b425","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f587ccf8e6180187af02a68e07643b423ad3d783a7410afc3f28efcc79a4b425"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A directional coupler attack against the Kish key distribution system","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CR","authors_text":"Andrew Allison, Derek Abbott, Lachlan J. Gunn","submitted_at":"2014-02-12T00:45:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Kish key distribution system has been proposed as a class ical alternative to quantum key distribution. The idealized Kish scheme elegantly promise s secure key distribution by exploiting thermal noise in a transmission line. However, we demonstrate that it is vulnerable to nonidealities in its components, such as the finite resistance of the transmission line connecting its endpoints. We introduce a novel attack against this nonideality using directional wave measurements, and experimentally demonstrate its efficacy. Our attack is based on causality: in a spatially distributed system, pro"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1402.2709","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"q2PByrM2Cz+sh1tcTvZjt0eJtY59AtggmOlqs/j2qIrtTvkBLq/ZMepJmDWQtwUN7ayEHRPvTsAoAU6a56XXCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T17:18:33.647010Z"},"content_sha256":"ab7106188c6dcf90ceab6aa0c8ec79dbed8f645c11fee631a6285acfd2216022","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ab7106188c6dcf90ceab6aa0c8ec79dbed8f645c11fee631a6285acfd2216022"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T17:18:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWEFC7VXYE4DL","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aea98f46dea258c208d3a03af837dc132528007d316a0477c4325201a34047b0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2014-02-12T00:45:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"9dbcd7baa618a355c716a03dfcca8010989ea42565097e118e113680888300c4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1402.2709","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1402.2709","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1402.2709v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1402.2709","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3KLLXAEIVJPG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3KLLXAEIVJPGEJWE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3KLLXAEI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ab7106188c6dcf90ceab6aa0c8ec79dbed8f645c11fee631a6285acfd2216022","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Kish key distribution system has been proposed as a class ical alternative to quantum key distribution. The idealized Kish scheme elegantly promise s secure key distribution by exploiting thermal noise in a transmission line. However, we demonstrate that it is vulnerable to nonidealities in its components, such as the finite resistance of the transmission line connecting its endpoints. We introduce a novel attack against this nonideality using directional wave measurements, and experimentally demonstrate its efficacy. Our attack is based on causality: in a spatially distributed system, pro","authors_text":"Andrew Allison, Derek Abbott, Lachlan J. Gunn","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2014-02-12T00:45:53Z","title":"A directional coupler attack against the Kish key distribution system"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1402.2709","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f587ccf8e6180187af02a68e07643b423ad3d783a7410afc3f28efcc79a4b425","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"aea98f46dea258c208d3a03af837dc132528007d316a0477c4325201a34047b0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CR","submitted_at":"2014-02-12T00:45:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"9dbcd7baa618a355c716a03dfcca8010989ea42565097e118e113680888300c4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1402.2709","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"da96bb8088aa5e6226c428bf5be09c1acffb3d025facc26f71a4e7f9984140b0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"da96bb8088aa5e6226c428bf5be09c1acffb3d025facc26f71a4e7f9984140b0","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33.428096Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33.428096Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"gC0UUJ/gvJrSwrray8h2rFWLrSQvgBKbO2iQf0qyapnGSCTyV/q9xWILO5FZuhqXtjT4TWvMp2Oa8CRJDglNDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:51:33.428831Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1402.2709","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f587ccf8e6180187af02a68e07643b423ad3d783a7410afc3f28efcc79a4b425","sha256:ab7106188c6dcf90ceab6aa0c8ec79dbed8f645c11fee631a6285acfd2216022"],"state_sha256":"2e7d6c2678583fefa31ae4b2b290b9a59f97398d2665fa6b270bfcee9790348b"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"S3XKP+wmNXwZcbRn+1DPW0Nr+vTmraacbO5b/IInqem/01Zwv6FT7ek3GXAEmSdIDK3jzC6/MdBzrZKfNMUpBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T17:18:33.648903Z","bundle_sha256":"c50ea60a6e4dfb119a23203754fba12a7d3c9fbfaee57ec30df884b2d8e2a4f7"}}