{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U","short_pith_number":"pith:3NRRK3CF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2005.13693","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2020-05-27T22:43:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"6a2d5f622653aa2aea4f3ce064747e86538c124cc6f41fe5067631b4cf08f63d","abstract_canon_sha256":"c09755c8d05120d6b5769a4ca2d1a7b928fa1c270522d6883a0aa448d33d40b4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"db63156c45a709d84c0ddbcc8db8eae51fadd2c6897818ba5d424d0233671ba1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2005.13693","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2005.13693","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2005.13693v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2005.13693","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3NRRK3CFU4E5","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3NRRK3CF","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2005.13693","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2020-05-27T22:43:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"6a2d5f622653aa2aea4f3ce064747e86538c124cc6f41fe5067631b4cf08f63d","abstract_canon_sha256":"c09755c8d05120d6b5769a4ca2d1a7b928fa1c270522d6883a0aa448d33d40b4"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"db63156c45a709d84c0ddbcc8db8eae51fadd2c6897818ba5d424d0233671ba1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54.574900Z","signature_b64":"y2MHwPZL+EAQvpMfb1ggwHlivQthTYcmyumRdDJgSocGx9OiOTxcaAYERAfH43sxqiAgSmJcw4Zu3PP329hJAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"db63156c45a709d84c0ddbcc8db8eae51fadd2c6897818ba5d424d0233671ba1","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54.574490Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54.574490Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2005.13693","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"duJdCv8KZkPsdsjZugbjk7xB0jy1VsvpCiGuDoCY9YCrBUT4Tzl29M5tyEHvaUQT6Zf3ta78wRQIXWgaF6ekBA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T13:21:46.759495Z"},"content_sha256":"4d45e0cfbb460213940a0cf2cf78cf73a3b17c7b9746c5a208ce3cb1cc5a3716","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4d45e0cfbb460213940a0cf2cf78cf73a3b17c7b9746c5a208ce3cb1cc5a3716"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Third order optical nonlinearity of three dimensional massless Dirac fermions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","authors_text":"J. E. Sipe, J. L. Cheng, S. W. Wu","submitted_at":"2020-05-27T22:43:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"We present analytic expressions for the electronic contributions to the linear conductivity $\\sigma^{(1)}_{3d}(\\omega)$ and the third order optical conductivity $\\sigma^{(3)}_{3d}(\\omega_1,\\omega_2,\\omega_3)$ of three dimensional massless Dirac fermions, the quasi-particles relevant for the low energy excitation of topological Dirac semimetals and Weyl semimetals. Although there is no gap for massless Dirac fermions, a finite chemical potential $\\mu$ can lead to an effective gap parameter, which plays an important role in the qualitative features of interband optical transitions. For gapless l"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2005.13693","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2005.13693/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ayoHunBq0rfI7QXnE7dOOJHsmQvs2iOOA0BxobtlAI5YpWcpBIh6FjRhPsR4j8S1dCwMkpOv7YXBNU6hmNQ4CA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T13:21:46.759986Z"},"content_sha256":"ff4bc77e791565dcd12bb307b8df3a6b4094594ed0ccc4d2b9812b4035fe1918","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ff4bc77e791565dcd12bb307b8df3a6b4094594ed0ccc4d2b9812b4035fe1918"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-22T13:21:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN3PGI3OHK4U","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c09755c8d05120d6b5769a4ca2d1a7b928fa1c270522d6883a0aa448d33d40b4","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2020-05-27T22:43:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"6a2d5f622653aa2aea4f3ce064747e86538c124cc6f41fe5067631b4cf08f63d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2005.13693","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2005.13693","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2005.13693v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2005.13693","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3NRRK3CFU4E5","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3NRRK3CFU4E5QTAN","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3NRRK3CF","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ff4bc77e791565dcd12bb307b8df3a6b4094594ed0ccc4d2b9812b4035fe1918","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2005.13693/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We present analytic expressions for the electronic contributions to the linear conductivity $\\sigma^{(1)}_{3d}(\\omega)$ and the third order optical conductivity $\\sigma^{(3)}_{3d}(\\omega_1,\\omega_2,\\omega_3)$ of three dimensional massless Dirac fermions, the quasi-particles relevant for the low energy excitation of topological Dirac semimetals and Weyl semimetals. Although there is no gap for massless Dirac fermions, a finite chemical potential $\\mu$ can lead to an effective gap parameter, which plays an important role in the qualitative features of interband optical transitions. For gapless l","authors_text":"J. E. Sipe, J. L. Cheng, S. W. Wu","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2020-05-27T22:43:58Z","title":"Third order optical nonlinearity of three dimensional massless Dirac fermions"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2005.13693","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4d45e0cfbb460213940a0cf2cf78cf73a3b17c7b9746c5a208ce3cb1cc5a3716","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c09755c8d05120d6b5769a4ca2d1a7b928fa1c270522d6883a0aa448d33d40b4","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cond-mat.mtrl-sci","submitted_at":"2020-05-27T22:43:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"6a2d5f622653aa2aea4f3ce064747e86538c124cc6f41fe5067631b4cf08f63d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2005.13693","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"db63156c45a709d84c0ddbcc8db8eae51fadd2c6897818ba5d424d0233671ba1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"db63156c45a709d84c0ddbcc8db8eae51fadd2c6897818ba5d424d0233671ba1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54.574490Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54.574490Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"y2MHwPZL+EAQvpMfb1ggwHlivQthTYcmyumRdDJgSocGx9OiOTxcaAYERAfH43sxqiAgSmJcw4Zu3PP329hJAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:42:54.574900Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2005.13693","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4d45e0cfbb460213940a0cf2cf78cf73a3b17c7b9746c5a208ce3cb1cc5a3716","sha256:ff4bc77e791565dcd12bb307b8df3a6b4094594ed0ccc4d2b9812b4035fe1918"],"state_sha256":"e4cc1005bc54cc554e00b2909b115b91e279ad4ba1d71e6be6073eb5decb08bf"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"A2FFbxveuuVsw4r9vBL/OOrWM1epFJBiBZKLEbnuSQk8fnNE16DzPXqeXw1WktCSPBLp3moswwfDRZkOl7qpCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-22T13:21:46.764455Z","bundle_sha256":"6e126053b26763d8554bb893907e56384d9ad48de800cbeb7871eb189520e80e"}}