{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC","short_pith_number":"pith:3RQXPUCT","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2406.03949","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-06-06T10:50:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ca0985813b352ad51641df211c012c12e75ba4f64f631863d6b12160c57f52f7","abstract_canon_sha256":"7e7cac4fc4d56afb3b04093042c2a0f6b9997ceb53745a486bb0f92e6c3678c3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dc6177d053cb64d31d4fac057df5f6588af387a626181381243295cee3fabf0c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2406.03949","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.03949","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.03949v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.03949","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3RQXPUCTZNSN","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKP","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3RQXPUCT","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2406.03949","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-06-06T10:50:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"ca0985813b352ad51641df211c012c12e75ba4f64f631863d6b12160c57f52f7","abstract_canon_sha256":"7e7cac4fc4d56afb3b04093042c2a0f6b9997ceb53745a486bb0f92e6c3678c3"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dc6177d053cb64d31d4fac057df5f6588af387a626181381243295cee3fabf0c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22.928010Z","signature_b64":"Ocny+iiD0217tGz1tiq/6WrmtagGHMyOVi8Ckv36Y4bdYaYO4N8KVMqRwDfcpgUYb82/epA6TnErNEmZCDBmDA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"dc6177d053cb64d31d4fac057df5f6588af387a626181381243295cee3fabf0c","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22.927550Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22.927550Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2406.03949","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2lth73DzBpRQbVLUplQJNIcHMiygoZWqx4GVvtyvXFJe3OCqeEs6sz5ZYspqthk9HrU+T5ni9b+6WBZmbmThCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T05:31:16.273373Z"},"content_sha256":"db721ebad0bbfca8633650cd2e97c21d35c40fa934b27e8483c1edc6a0737fc4","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:db721ebad0bbfca8633650cd2e97c21d35c40fa934b27e8483c1edc6a0737fc4"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"UltraMedical: Building Specialized Generalists in Biomedicine","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Biqing Qi, Bowen Zhou, Ermo Hua, Ganqu Cui, Haoxin Li, Hu Jinfang, Kaiyan Zhang, Ning Ding, Sihang Zeng, Xingtai Lv, Xuekai Zhu, Zhang-Ren Chen, Zhiyuan Liu, Zhiyuan Ma","submitted_at":"2024-06-06T10:50:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains and are moving towards more specialized areas. Recent advanced proprietary models such as GPT-4 and Gemini have achieved significant advancements in biomedicine, which have also raised privacy and security challenges. The construction of specialized generalists hinges largely on high-quality datasets, enhanced by techniques like supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning from human or AI feedback, and direct preference optimization. However, these leading technologies (e.g., preference learning"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.03949","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2406.03949/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Hxt02y1tx3FJO2SKH+GrxcoKIdjd91EkxggODh7rXAUCRlailVi2yTn4ZGzr76k0zAUzLv10qrjCo5iCFfk9DA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T05:31:16.274280Z"},"content_sha256":"54427f3d2276c79945fe45b6c530539ae931f523c2affd9ed8abe870436a9907","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:54427f3d2276c79945fe45b6c530539ae931f523c2affd9ed8abe870436a9907"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-08T05:31:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKPVQCX35PWLC","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7e7cac4fc4d56afb3b04093042c2a0f6b9997ceb53745a486bb0f92e6c3678c3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-06-06T10:50:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"ca0985813b352ad51641df211c012c12e75ba4f64f631863d6b12160c57f52f7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.03949","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2406.03949","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2406.03949v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2406.03949","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3RQXPUCTZNSN","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3RQXPUCTZNSNGHKP","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3RQXPUCT","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:54427f3d2276c79945fe45b6c530539ae931f523c2affd9ed8abe870436a9907","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2406.03949/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains and are moving towards more specialized areas. Recent advanced proprietary models such as GPT-4 and Gemini have achieved significant advancements in biomedicine, which have also raised privacy and security challenges. The construction of specialized generalists hinges largely on high-quality datasets, enhanced by techniques like supervised fine-tuning and reinforcement learning from human or AI feedback, and direct preference optimization. However, these leading technologies (e.g., preference learning","authors_text":"Biqing Qi, Bowen Zhou, Ermo Hua, Ganqu Cui, Haoxin Li, Hu Jinfang, Kaiyan Zhang, Ning Ding, Sihang Zeng, Xingtai Lv, Xuekai Zhu, Zhang-Ren Chen, Zhiyuan Liu, Zhiyuan Ma","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-06-06T10:50:26Z","title":"UltraMedical: Building Specialized Generalists in Biomedicine"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2406.03949","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:db721ebad0bbfca8633650cd2e97c21d35c40fa934b27e8483c1edc6a0737fc4","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"7e7cac4fc4d56afb3b04093042c2a0f6b9997ceb53745a486bb0f92e6c3678c3","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-06-06T10:50:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"ca0985813b352ad51641df211c012c12e75ba4f64f631863d6b12160c57f52f7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2406.03949","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"dc6177d053cb64d31d4fac057df5f6588af387a626181381243295cee3fabf0c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"dc6177d053cb64d31d4fac057df5f6588af387a626181381243295cee3fabf0c","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22.927550Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22.927550Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Ocny+iiD0217tGz1tiq/6WrmtagGHMyOVi8Ckv36Y4bdYaYO4N8KVMqRwDfcpgUYb82/epA6TnErNEmZCDBmDA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:27:22.928010Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2406.03949","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:db721ebad0bbfca8633650cd2e97c21d35c40fa934b27e8483c1edc6a0737fc4","sha256:54427f3d2276c79945fe45b6c530539ae931f523c2affd9ed8abe870436a9907"],"state_sha256":"47fd44c6d46dcb7990bb505e5c6cb4e0a595e37c56ff7833b5640498ac3cf656"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2z9n5fQ6j1XRbkhIsA6jsAAV7nmV/9DkwzBuuoWdMgmnlXOD943M4ZeY0p7moV/LTo20V2dkf7a8aa5eQWwWBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-08T05:31:16.281924Z","bundle_sha256":"665398329cdf9667f587914470f9288a8597a6ab296437d362a71b2ccdbdcca2"}}