{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V","short_pith_number":"pith:3S6ZUZWP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1610.08254","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2016-10-26T09:43:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4327996e3622931145c1fd62d031ec992f3113507c5702cd47eb53a3de1a38d7","abstract_canon_sha256":"55257ae454843a60295292799243813bd547f150212b51aabf1e5139d97c505f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dcbd9a66cfcf4063f6e7a5f8279b26fd553079ab6cf93141d1fb4015e144843c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1610.08254","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1610.08254","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1610.08254v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1610.08254","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3S6ZUZWPZ5AG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3S6ZUZWP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1610.08254","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2016-10-26T09:43:40Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"4327996e3622931145c1fd62d031ec992f3113507c5702cd47eb53a3de1a38d7","abstract_canon_sha256":"55257ae454843a60295292799243813bd547f150212b51aabf1e5139d97c505f"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dcbd9a66cfcf4063f6e7a5f8279b26fd553079ab6cf93141d1fb4015e144843c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14.575858Z","signature_b64":"c68fxl9ubt0y0846gfaqRRySzZduhuLu3JtBiiKm4t1GzudoUipyNNBvupbhZIUaK7Iv8dtiX56rGUP7bvkeBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"dcbd9a66cfcf4063f6e7a5f8279b26fd553079ab6cf93141d1fb4015e144843c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14.575246Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14.575246Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1610.08254","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mRHcxluruof7UWZkDXB/6+J5biOsIdy3zbOKAPhw1G0JMGDhNVLVVI/bUk4Cp36KjIoDWlIQMonu0RFYNPwXDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T11:25:43.525932Z"},"content_sha256":"4f24a1c8c68e7b501842744c3839df1f960bd49da9c1821b20e1b6f28cab52f5","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4f24a1c8c68e7b501842744c3839df1f960bd49da9c1821b20e1b6f28cab52f5"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Role of Experiments in the Progress of Science: Lessons from our History","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","authors_text":"D. P. Roy","submitted_at":"2016-10-26T09:43:40Z","abstract_excerpt":"I shall discuss the history of Indian astronomy, Aurveda (life science), chemistry and metallurgy to illustrate how downgrading experiments from scientific learning lead to the decline of ancient Indian science and civilization. We shall see that in the glorious period of ancient Indian civilization, lasting up to the 9th century, there was close interaction between experimental investigations and theoretical analyses in each of these sciences. This was further augmented by two-way interactions with the other advanced civilizations of that time. But both these interactions came to an end aroun"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1610.08254","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"GQh8QX8tvQzTcFf51FPeeDjhlZoWhzArcPqza5RwyqKya03VdI2Z6kkmdAlhWY3CoZDeskI/s80e9O17mAAmBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T11:25:43.526276Z"},"content_sha256":"5bdef8b4035b0453cad87949484e488fd1583feb1a60c12b62317e6108989e5e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5bdef8b4035b0453cad87949484e488fd1583feb1a60c12b62317e6108989e5e"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-20T11:25:43Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XHUX4CPGZG7V","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"55257ae454843a60295292799243813bd547f150212b51aabf1e5139d97c505f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2016-10-26T09:43:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"4327996e3622931145c1fd62d031ec992f3113507c5702cd47eb53a3de1a38d7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1610.08254","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1610.08254","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1610.08254v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1610.08254","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3S6ZUZWPZ5AG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3S6ZUZWPZ5AGH5XH","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3S6ZUZWP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:55Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5bdef8b4035b0453cad87949484e488fd1583feb1a60c12b62317e6108989e5e","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"I shall discuss the history of Indian astronomy, Aurveda (life science), chemistry and metallurgy to illustrate how downgrading experiments from scientific learning lead to the decline of ancient Indian science and civilization. We shall see that in the glorious period of ancient Indian civilization, lasting up to the 9th century, there was close interaction between experimental investigations and theoretical analyses in each of these sciences. This was further augmented by two-way interactions with the other advanced civilizations of that time. But both these interactions came to an end aroun","authors_text":"D. P. Roy","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2016-10-26T09:43:40Z","title":"Role of Experiments in the Progress of Science: Lessons from our History"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1610.08254","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4f24a1c8c68e7b501842744c3839df1f960bd49da9c1821b20e1b6f28cab52f5","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"55257ae454843a60295292799243813bd547f150212b51aabf1e5139d97c505f","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.hist-ph","submitted_at":"2016-10-26T09:43:40Z","title_canon_sha256":"4327996e3622931145c1fd62d031ec992f3113507c5702cd47eb53a3de1a38d7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1610.08254","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"dcbd9a66cfcf4063f6e7a5f8279b26fd553079ab6cf93141d1fb4015e144843c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"dcbd9a66cfcf4063f6e7a5f8279b26fd553079ab6cf93141d1fb4015e144843c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14.575246Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14.575246Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"c68fxl9ubt0y0846gfaqRRySzZduhuLu3JtBiiKm4t1GzudoUipyNNBvupbhZIUaK7Iv8dtiX56rGUP7bvkeBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:01:14.575858Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1610.08254","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4f24a1c8c68e7b501842744c3839df1f960bd49da9c1821b20e1b6f28cab52f5","sha256:5bdef8b4035b0453cad87949484e488fd1583feb1a60c12b62317e6108989e5e"],"state_sha256":"9c9a1071966739b80c2a454e653d514ff226d8d2c46a6a4a784b128a173f18b8"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MwC7ONoD7RCAAdHeU5wnq4G7euulMGZYybEEibNqqwez1K3kumRK636fGG23yyTrRGU1sTfPwS4cQ7GNIJhwAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-20T11:25:43.528438Z","bundle_sha256":"adb37999c2ff30186657f6fa33fd3ca705544f93f5fe86a7f8d617bcaa44163f"}}