{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM","short_pith_number":"pith:3UHLXTAG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1609.02401","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2016-09-08T12:55:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"59ae364cf3c56c816761575ffcb3a905c9671f5231be08dd711cab0e7af66223","abstract_canon_sha256":"2c0822fa256dc60a480c78b9867476f6d02b04347a1ba8833f0976fd4f6331e2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dd0ebbcc06edd8611fb19bedcb268f6b376e456a972db50274d1156c012a5c3d","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1609.02401","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1609.02401","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1609.02401v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1609.02401","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3UHLXTAG5XMG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3UHLXTAG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1609.02401","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2016-09-08T12:55:05Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"59ae364cf3c56c816761575ffcb3a905c9671f5231be08dd711cab0e7af66223","abstract_canon_sha256":"2c0822fa256dc60a480c78b9867476f6d02b04347a1ba8833f0976fd4f6331e2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"dd0ebbcc06edd8611fb19bedcb268f6b376e456a972db50274d1156c012a5c3d","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54.755741Z","signature_b64":"lAmBx8eo/C8n8fTStiuJNbjivHdF2Ebu9PJvtkXt6+wiPFSNBhef+169vqvsraflYGzGnRiWDbdgsScREwMVAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"dd0ebbcc06edd8611fb19bedcb268f6b376e456a972db50274d1156c012a5c3d","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54.755182Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54.755182Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1609.02401","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"VMrBNuOMG8VG0oO2MLJejm2J8FR3a3+F6DII9iKspw6UdTnJL0vFx2SQscKnUXmPdcoRBo6l+AkoZ3icuTTIDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:51:07.666857Z"},"content_sha256":"f73dd3e7d7743fa8c30fe1712706c3aeb66f36858666ca7d4fce3535dd92e582","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f73dd3e7d7743fa8c30fe1712706c3aeb66f36858666ca7d4fce3535dd92e582"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Evolution of intermediate mass and massive binary stars: physics, mass loss, and rotation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"D. Vanbeveren, N. Mennekens","submitted_at":"2016-09-08T12:55:05Z","abstract_excerpt":"In the present review we discuss the past and present status of the interacting OB-type binary frequency. We critically examine the popular idea that Be-stars and supergiant sgB[e] stars are binary evolutionary products. The effects of rotation on stellar evolution in general, stellar population studies in particular, and the link with binaries will be evaluated. Finally a discussion is presented of massive double compact star binary mergers as possible major sites of chemical enrichment of r-process elements and as the origin of recent aLIGO GW events."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1609.02401","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"mZ8S2CYI7CY1KJLKWP3MA9xQCMBjsZNK78ZQ3tWV57YLJdv21QlQwXswxdeWT5RnBTxncI6tl9GY6uTKmcFIDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:51:07.667205Z"},"content_sha256":"5a426d532f807273eb9caeeb85411064ef077637afb601686919977ea60ca670","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5a426d532f807273eb9caeeb85411064ef077637afb601686919977ea60ca670"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T23:51:07Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5RTPW4WJUPNM","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2c0822fa256dc60a480c78b9867476f6d02b04347a1ba8833f0976fd4f6331e2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2016-09-08T12:55:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"59ae364cf3c56c816761575ffcb3a905c9671f5231be08dd711cab0e7af66223"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1609.02401","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1609.02401","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1609.02401v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1609.02401","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3UHLXTAG5XMG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3UHLXTAG5XMGCH5R","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3UHLXTAG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5a426d532f807273eb9caeeb85411064ef077637afb601686919977ea60ca670","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In the present review we discuss the past and present status of the interacting OB-type binary frequency. We critically examine the popular idea that Be-stars and supergiant sgB[e] stars are binary evolutionary products. The effects of rotation on stellar evolution in general, stellar population studies in particular, and the link with binaries will be evaluated. Finally a discussion is presented of massive double compact star binary mergers as possible major sites of chemical enrichment of r-process elements and as the origin of recent aLIGO GW events.","authors_text":"D. Vanbeveren, N. Mennekens","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2016-09-08T12:55:05Z","title":"Evolution of intermediate mass and massive binary stars: physics, mass loss, and rotation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1609.02401","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f73dd3e7d7743fa8c30fe1712706c3aeb66f36858666ca7d4fce3535dd92e582","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2c0822fa256dc60a480c78b9867476f6d02b04347a1ba8833f0976fd4f6331e2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2016-09-08T12:55:05Z","title_canon_sha256":"59ae364cf3c56c816761575ffcb3a905c9671f5231be08dd711cab0e7af66223"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1609.02401","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"dd0ebbcc06edd8611fb19bedcb268f6b376e456a972db50274d1156c012a5c3d","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"dd0ebbcc06edd8611fb19bedcb268f6b376e456a972db50274d1156c012a5c3d","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54.755182Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54.755182Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lAmBx8eo/C8n8fTStiuJNbjivHdF2Ebu9PJvtkXt6+wiPFSNBhef+169vqvsraflYGzGnRiWDbdgsScREwMVAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:54.755741Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1609.02401","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f73dd3e7d7743fa8c30fe1712706c3aeb66f36858666ca7d4fce3535dd92e582","sha256:5a426d532f807273eb9caeeb85411064ef077637afb601686919977ea60ca670"],"state_sha256":"7212167708a0c2404bb62f7866e1f9c24f1b0eb068906d124249dcc924d5fb99"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bqk12ZOQj1jj0UUqoOy2Z1a+cJ39ZrnG7K6vFcHNGM6sRjDszwhu9E4p2T2jS/wK4Y35CqyhirlN2nLjNsd0CA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:51:07.669234Z","bundle_sha256":"1c5cd014cb8a5f0226c46ea7742f609115c38d8a67f7afd88c35d2a04ba13808"}}