{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2023:3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6","short_pith_number":"pith:3V7ZZ2CM","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"dd7f9ce84c6fc829b8cc8d469e70d1bfb5fa26eff0eaacc26a9de4e7b5d54e2b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2303.06723","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Running couplings and unitarity in a 4-derivative scalar field theory","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Bob Holdom","submitted_at":"2023-03-12T18:05:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"We obtain the $\\beta$-functions for the two dimensionless couplings of a 4d renormalizable scalar field theory with cubic and quartic 4-derivative interactions. Both couplings can be asymptotically free in the UV, and in some cases also in the IR. This theory illustrates the meaning of unitarity in the presence of a negative norm state. A perturbative calculation that accounts for the new minus signs shows that the optical theorem is identically satisfied. These minus signs also enter a discussion of tree-level scattering. For a certain setup involving colliding beams of particles we find even"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2303.06723","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"2023-03-12T18:05:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"332273bc06681821d002e6bf7fb8b095813c78d9973d0e22cb5c1dce735542ae","abstract_canon_sha256":"403d56d909994dd1e73b07375c7c4223e4c4f53cdccb167835a2bab58dee81df"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131705Z","signature_b64":"PPcTSmE6AhiJejBOkTsXu6MKR+ujkNMnTxOal5FYZfSg96rTYa0FJMptFSyo5adStLP19XHJ07d4sGlUmCRDAA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"dd7f9ce84c6fc829b8cc8d469e70d1bfb5fa26eff0eaacc26a9de4e7b5d54e2b","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131215Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131215Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Running couplings and unitarity in a 4-derivative scalar field theory","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Bob Holdom","submitted_at":"2023-03-12T18:05:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"We obtain the $\\beta$-functions for the two dimensionless couplings of a 4d renormalizable scalar field theory with cubic and quartic 4-derivative interactions. Both couplings can be asymptotically free in the UV, and in some cases also in the IR. This theory illustrates the meaning of unitarity in the presence of a negative norm state. A perturbative calculation that accounts for the new minus signs shows that the optical theorem is identically satisfied. These minus signs also enter a discussion of tree-level scattering. For a certain setup involving colliding beams of particles we find even"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2303.06723","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2303.06723/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2303.06723","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131267+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2303.06723v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131267+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2303.06723","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131267+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3V7ZZ2CMN7EC","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131267+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGM","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131267+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3V7ZZ2CM","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131267+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":3,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2606.18349","citing_title":"Ghosts versus Unstable Particles in Quantum Field Theory","ref_index":14,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2607.00096","citing_title":"Escape from Ostrogradsky via Hidden Ghost Parity","ref_index":25,"is_internal_anchor":false},{"citing_arxiv_id":"2605.29047","citing_title":"Asymptotic Quantum Dynamics of Ghost Fields","ref_index":4,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6","json":"https://pith.science/pith/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/3V7ZZ2CM"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/3V7ZZ2CM","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2303.06723&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/3V7ZZ2CMN7ECTOGMRVDJ44GRX6/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131267+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T06:21:16.131267+00:00"}