{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2021:3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR","short_pith_number":"pith:3X6I6NMV","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"ddfc8f3595c2295a262b5ae76c785d0479c256f5957b74101d545845dd4d437b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2103.08611","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"The 511 keV Excess and Primordial Black Holes","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE","hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Celeste Keith, Dan Hooper","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T18:00:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"An excess of 511 keV photons has been detected from the central region of the Milky Way. It has been suggested that the positrons responsible for this signal could be produced through the Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes. After evaluating the constraints from INTEGRAL, COMPTEL, and Voyager 1, we find that black holes in mass range of $\\sim(1-4)\\times10^{16}$ g could potentially produce this signal if they make up a small fraction of the total dark matter density. Proposed MeV-scale gamma-ray telescopes such as AMEGO or e-ASTROGAM should be able to test this class of scenarios by m"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2103.08611","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T18:00:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE","hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"47b4a0d1b266f488d3e58051f6a9e472825d9c6d2cde0f9d6766b67f73123f0e","abstract_canon_sha256":"30dc53fe7e93f01507bfa0297c7501bfa6d5c19363b126d45dcb0e91d9b7650d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519738Z","signature_b64":"tf6dhUAY/StQLJhUtTz6IkNIjwYU3NAYe4Z2xUTYDAEvxdSFhJoj71BXbTRgtfASVU5SdS8YoON1YBY873t2DQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ddfc8f3595c2295a262b5ae76c785d0479c256f5957b74101d545845dd4d437b","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519247Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519247Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The 511 keV Excess and Primordial Black Holes","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["astro-ph.GA","astro-ph.HE","hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.CO","authors_text":"Celeste Keith, Dan Hooper","submitted_at":"2021-03-15T18:00:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"An excess of 511 keV photons has been detected from the central region of the Milky Way. It has been suggested that the positrons responsible for this signal could be produced through the Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes. After evaluating the constraints from INTEGRAL, COMPTEL, and Voyager 1, we find that black holes in mass range of $\\sim(1-4)\\times10^{16}$ g could potentially produce this signal if they make up a small fraction of the total dark matter density. Proposed MeV-scale gamma-ray telescopes such as AMEGO or e-ASTROGAM should be able to test this class of scenarios by m"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.08611","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2103.08611/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2103.08611","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519304+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2103.08611v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519304+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2103.08611","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519304+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3X6I6NMVYIUV","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519304+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRL","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519304+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3X6I6NMV","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519304+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":1,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[{"citing_arxiv_id":"2601.19386","citing_title":"Constraints on Primordial Black Holes from Galactic Diffuse Synchrotron Emissions","ref_index":51,"is_internal_anchor":false}]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR","json":"https://pith.science/pith/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/3X6I6NMV"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/3X6I6NMV","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2103.08611&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/3X6I6NMVYIUVUJRLLLTWY6C5AR/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519304+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:34.519304+00:00"}