{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY","short_pith_number":"pith:3Y5NTZGG","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1712.03872","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2017-12-11T16:26:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"306dec735c28739ba50bf31ff838faac1debca744472f90a5484d03d2dc3d1c3","abstract_canon_sha256":"df6752b6d55bb1155e1f2c03ac9ba29f3ef47d0f1ca0a189e0fa88c8d01e4f8e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"de3ad9e4c64e91cc2cf496c34d11a5863112b265f84b4607cd9ebf5e23c969ac","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1712.03872","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1712.03872","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1712.03872v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1712.03872","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3Y5NTZGGJ2I4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3Y5NTZGG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1712.03872","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2017-12-11T16:26:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"306dec735c28739ba50bf31ff838faac1debca744472f90a5484d03d2dc3d1c3","abstract_canon_sha256":"df6752b6d55bb1155e1f2c03ac9ba29f3ef47d0f1ca0a189e0fa88c8d01e4f8e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"de3ad9e4c64e91cc2cf496c34d11a5863112b265f84b4607cd9ebf5e23c969ac","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19.400821Z","signature_b64":"hUBppwsjQFGKg1KIsaOnXBHiyloJRHAFatrC2r/BAHmpTsXSX0R+KGiBqKo3T3SGtE6S6hYGSatljY0D2qk3Cg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"de3ad9e4c64e91cc2cf496c34d11a5863112b265f84b4607cd9ebf5e23c969ac","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19.400216Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19.400216Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1712.03872","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"4t9pyOgVfALFdZBHxmh3KmdwMQ8jGZRNl1MkKXCJNFIJPBk9HuT5Tkx5yyktrKSAlMyK+mVp4pPQvAZQd6l4Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T14:07:58.681564Z"},"content_sha256":"99210b94c36853c1d154640004534d902e4fc59166ee6ac769b6f4da47b48250","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:99210b94c36853c1d154640004534d902e4fc59166ee6ac769b6f4da47b48250"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Large tangential electric fields in plasmas close to temperature screening","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"F. I. Parra, I. Calvo, J. A. Alonso, J. L. Velasco, J. M. Garc\\'ia-Rega\\~na, S. Satake, the LHD team","submitted_at":"2017-12-11T16:26:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"Low-collisionality stellarator plasmas usually display a large negative radial electric field that has been expected to cause accumulation of impurities due to their high charge number. In this paper, two combined effects that can potentially modify this scenario are discussed. First, it is shown that, in low collisionality plasmas, the kinetic contribution of the electrons to the radial electric field can make it negative but small, bringing the plasma close to impurity temperature screening (i.e., to a situation in which the ion temperature gradient is the main drive of impurity transport an"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1712.03872","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"O2PfJQxSTuIgDcexYIz095us1fe5EjpQWUwTeYr4zxmVnhSU7CDYvqGD5uZsG8/ebYbtpcaH02mkHb265wh1Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T14:07:58.681903Z"},"content_sha256":"a56e1e1b61fcb32f490daf07c58f4ae72bba68d554c4e421a62cd2cf68a16a4b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a56e1e1b61fcb32f490daf07c58f4ae72bba68d554c4e421a62cd2cf68a16a4b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T14:07:58Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHUS3BU2ENFQY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"df6752b6d55bb1155e1f2c03ac9ba29f3ef47d0f1ca0a189e0fa88c8d01e4f8e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2017-12-11T16:26:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"306dec735c28739ba50bf31ff838faac1debca744472f90a5484d03d2dc3d1c3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1712.03872","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1712.03872","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1712.03872v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1712.03872","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"3Y5NTZGGJ2I4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"3Y5NTZGGJ2I4YLHU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"3Y5NTZGG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:a56e1e1b61fcb32f490daf07c58f4ae72bba68d554c4e421a62cd2cf68a16a4b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Low-collisionality stellarator plasmas usually display a large negative radial electric field that has been expected to cause accumulation of impurities due to their high charge number. In this paper, two combined effects that can potentially modify this scenario are discussed. First, it is shown that, in low collisionality plasmas, the kinetic contribution of the electrons to the radial electric field can make it negative but small, bringing the plasma close to impurity temperature screening (i.e., to a situation in which the ion temperature gradient is the main drive of impurity transport an","authors_text":"F. I. Parra, I. Calvo, J. A. Alonso, J. L. Velasco, J. M. Garc\\'ia-Rega\\~na, S. Satake, the LHD team","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2017-12-11T16:26:44Z","title":"Large tangential electric fields in plasmas close to temperature screening"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1712.03872","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:99210b94c36853c1d154640004534d902e4fc59166ee6ac769b6f4da47b48250","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"df6752b6d55bb1155e1f2c03ac9ba29f3ef47d0f1ca0a189e0fa88c8d01e4f8e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2017-12-11T16:26:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"306dec735c28739ba50bf31ff838faac1debca744472f90a5484d03d2dc3d1c3"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1712.03872","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"de3ad9e4c64e91cc2cf496c34d11a5863112b265f84b4607cd9ebf5e23c969ac","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"de3ad9e4c64e91cc2cf496c34d11a5863112b265f84b4607cd9ebf5e23c969ac","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19.400216Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19.400216Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hUBppwsjQFGKg1KIsaOnXBHiyloJRHAFatrC2r/BAHmpTsXSX0R+KGiBqKo3T3SGtE6S6hYGSatljY0D2qk3Cg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:15:19.400821Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1712.03872","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:99210b94c36853c1d154640004534d902e4fc59166ee6ac769b6f4da47b48250","sha256:a56e1e1b61fcb32f490daf07c58f4ae72bba68d554c4e421a62cd2cf68a16a4b"],"state_sha256":"f8c526bd1681facb35690977f636f5b207de7369186d490073ee5b6d2284826d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9Abtpb9H2ob8IxqlxhrF3pudDMh3hMfBKqSW+yrLcmTZiAjLd4lSGwos74upnauivz+exdkptP/9VToMxqJTBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T14:07:58.683791Z","bundle_sha256":"093810eb385d10af00bfc70288efde33e0a842f93b0a1a0be3a671e66f4f53a9"}}