{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3","short_pith_number":"pith:423KWHUK","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1912.03028","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2019-12-06T09:05:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.FL","cs.LO"],"title_canon_sha256":"3c137530fd4618ab4777c73c38a897f7bf696cb5e44f0c11bfb5f09d6c33be86","abstract_canon_sha256":"9f01db470a2af77fa7f39b428461eab45f5a5ea42b1fd7fa31294d089c02bf7d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e6b6ab1e8ae4b32233fe9658f325208ec203c01e74e273eb2d114915b43837c5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1912.03028","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1912.03028","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1912.03028v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1912.03028","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"423KWHUK4SZS","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"423KWHUK4SZSEM76","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"423KWHUK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1912.03028","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2019-12-06T09:05:38Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.FL","cs.LO"],"title_canon_sha256":"3c137530fd4618ab4777c73c38a897f7bf696cb5e44f0c11bfb5f09d6c33be86","abstract_canon_sha256":"9f01db470a2af77fa7f39b428461eab45f5a5ea42b1fd7fa31294d089c02bf7d"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e6b6ab1e8ae4b32233fe9658f325208ec203c01e74e273eb2d114915b43837c5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29.541762Z","signature_b64":"Z3LJt4kaBOjk4vrYB+gtIp7DhgPdHx7BpeiplcY23pQVe4wlZ95amW2Tx/HM4FwGY6/zSw+SaqDhdsvyAZYoDg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e6b6ab1e8ae4b32233fe9658f325208ec203c01e74e273eb2d114915b43837c5","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29.541369Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29.541369Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1912.03028","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"DT+pvWdw3MgKy+cEyLHiLx45Y8K/PIoebtsBQ3JQJRs2U2N60Z6uhWE8RIu3GPlraTHrl5TxS3Gmbykp91WUCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T00:51:02.774352Z"},"content_sha256":"e1466d20cad8019d2928a042d41322f4870917e8f3f601b07568f26ae857d2eb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e1466d20cad8019d2928a042d41322f4870917e8f3f601b07568f26ae857d2eb"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A Survey on Theorem Provers in Formal Methods","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.FL","cs.LO"],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Meng Sun, M. Ikram Ullah Lali, Moin Malik, M. Saqib Nawaz, Yi Li","submitted_at":"2019-12-06T09:05:38Z","abstract_excerpt":"Mechanical reasoning is a key area of research that lies at the crossroads of mathematical logic and artificial intelligence. The main aim to develop mechanical reasoning systems (also known as theorem provers) was to enable mathematicians to prove theorems by computer programs. However, these tools evolved with time and now play vital role in the modeling and reasoning about complex and large-scale systems, especially safety-critical systems. Technically, mathematical formalisms and automated reasoning based-approaches are employed to perform inferences and to generate proofs in theorem prove"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1912.03028","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1912.03028/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kms5hxF2fHg9VpccQpe6qGDI5PBGsO2Qx2pCE/exx184Zizds8Zyzs1JA8ulyp5efL5HM37f8ZWMKC936aebCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T00:51:02.774865Z"},"content_sha256":"e3a30ffeec4435473d399da8cf7d2d5a8f04654ea3ec9b8b48d4b7cab622b312","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:e3a30ffeec4435473d399da8cf7d2d5a8f04654ea3ec9b8b48d4b7cab622b312"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-18T00:51:02Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:423KWHUK4SZSEM76SZMPGJJAR3","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9f01db470a2af77fa7f39b428461eab45f5a5ea42b1fd7fa31294d089c02bf7d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.FL","cs.LO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2019-12-06T09:05:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"3c137530fd4618ab4777c73c38a897f7bf696cb5e44f0c11bfb5f09d6c33be86"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1912.03028","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1912.03028","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1912.03028v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1912.03028","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"423KWHUK4SZS","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"423KWHUK4SZSEM76","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"423KWHUK","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:e3a30ffeec4435473d399da8cf7d2d5a8f04654ea3ec9b8b48d4b7cab622b312","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1912.03028/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Mechanical reasoning is a key area of research that lies at the crossroads of mathematical logic and artificial intelligence. The main aim to develop mechanical reasoning systems (also known as theorem provers) was to enable mathematicians to prove theorems by computer programs. However, these tools evolved with time and now play vital role in the modeling and reasoning about complex and large-scale systems, especially safety-critical systems. Technically, mathematical formalisms and automated reasoning based-approaches are employed to perform inferences and to generate proofs in theorem prove","authors_text":"Meng Sun, M. Ikram Ullah Lali, Moin Malik, M. Saqib Nawaz, Yi Li","cross_cats":["cs.FL","cs.LO"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2019-12-06T09:05:38Z","title":"A Survey on Theorem Provers in Formal Methods"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1912.03028","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:e1466d20cad8019d2928a042d41322f4870917e8f3f601b07568f26ae857d2eb","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9f01db470a2af77fa7f39b428461eab45f5a5ea42b1fd7fa31294d089c02bf7d","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.FL","cs.LO"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2019-12-06T09:05:38Z","title_canon_sha256":"3c137530fd4618ab4777c73c38a897f7bf696cb5e44f0c11bfb5f09d6c33be86"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1912.03028","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e6b6ab1e8ae4b32233fe9658f325208ec203c01e74e273eb2d114915b43837c5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e6b6ab1e8ae4b32233fe9658f325208ec203c01e74e273eb2d114915b43837c5","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29.541369Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29.541369Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Z3LJt4kaBOjk4vrYB+gtIp7DhgPdHx7BpeiplcY23pQVe4wlZ95amW2Tx/HM4FwGY6/zSw+SaqDhdsvyAZYoDg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:24:29.541762Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1912.03028","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:e1466d20cad8019d2928a042d41322f4870917e8f3f601b07568f26ae857d2eb","sha256:e3a30ffeec4435473d399da8cf7d2d5a8f04654ea3ec9b8b48d4b7cab622b312"],"state_sha256":"d484f8a869376c6ba545008e4cbb898bfbddf69dd2b9614e4e2ba5d2057b646d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pLDN4kgGURqNqPiR0CXAYv1A8JvBnLpJdP9dj5BIEXVIFi14/NVHy5dWImNKXSg75QWrXVT0CAcUca/N2sJyAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-18T00:51:02.778835Z","bundle_sha256":"067b9867b740da547ea7b398dbc643a735111992db08d19e4f8234a33975389f"}}