{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1997:42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG","short_pith_number":"pith:42KMVTGP","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9708071","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1997-08-07T21:49:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6685f8e1627bab70dd135fc671e25a28b7f360ced5c700f76f3e7036239f4972","abstract_canon_sha256":"c06cbf4227ee031b21d8ddfab19c1b5e62de1f24d12bdaaca8d870ad7b64de47"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e694cacccf81f1cbcc922fa93a94dc798c303339f5a8afddd887c844186ac1b5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"astro-ph/9708071","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9708071","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9708071v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9708071","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"42KMVTGPQHY4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"42KMVTGPQHY4XTES","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"42KMVTGP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:48Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1997:42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9708071","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1997-08-07T21:49:20Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6685f8e1627bab70dd135fc671e25a28b7f360ced5c700f76f3e7036239f4972","abstract_canon_sha256":"c06cbf4227ee031b21d8ddfab19c1b5e62de1f24d12bdaaca8d870ad7b64de47"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e694cacccf81f1cbcc922fa93a94dc798c303339f5a8afddd887c844186ac1b5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16.910327Z","signature_b64":"gzBpVQZS2MSf3fIc214CjFnqYYPCbOpEvDfdJcO/nT1O+34nzY+sBEBCmRnIr6HAlEY0BXIX3mgw0PehYie/AQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e694cacccf81f1cbcc922fa93a94dc798c303339f5a8afddd887c844186ac1b5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16.909890Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16.909890Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"astro-ph/9708071","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"08+gvj16BKNpkIRPmgZQqi42kSRcIsZ5Ff0rXw6XMSMvlcl+OmHeaRWT66i1Duoo+UbBuzRoiVbUrx6sr5oLBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T11:51:17.608894Z"},"content_sha256":"6dbdd6e614aab9047274fbf2559974b57a17f3eddb9b4c816c29f23d157f7849","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6dbdd6e614aab9047274fbf2559974b57a17f3eddb9b4c816c29f23d157f7849"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1997:42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Pulsar Kick Velocity Distribution","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph","authors_text":"2), (2) Theoretical Astrophysics, Brad M. S. Hansen (1, California Institute of Technology), E. Sterl Phinney (2) ((1) Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto","submitted_at":"1997-08-07T21:49:20Z","abstract_excerpt":"We analyse the sample of pulsar proper motions, taking detailed account of the selection effects of the original surveys. We treat censored data using survival statistics. From a comparison of our results with Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the mean birth speed of a pulsar is 250-300 km/s, rather than the 450 km/s foundby Lyne & Lorimer (1994). The resultant distribution is consistent with a maxwellian with dispersion $ \\sigma_v = 190 km/s$. Despite the large birth velocities, we find that the pulsars with long characteristic ages show the asymmetric drift, indicating that they are dyna"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9708071","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tpIdoxH6KOkTT28lgVUPxzPgLKdoAzwGY1hUQu7gnjWRxd8uV9upQ/VNJKip8eBpuBLZXVeMOk+n/WY18f/uDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T11:51:17.609234Z"},"content_sha256":"6aa8436cb76d0287026c6a77a7dabb8c988ad03fe18849bda774cd666c707f35","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:6aa8436cb76d0287026c6a77a7dabb8c988ad03fe18849bda774cd666c707f35"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T11:51:17Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1997:42KMVTGPQHY4XTESF6UTVFG4PG","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c06cbf4227ee031b21d8ddfab19c1b5e62de1f24d12bdaaca8d870ad7b64de47","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1997-08-07T21:49:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"6685f8e1627bab70dd135fc671e25a28b7f360ced5c700f76f3e7036239f4972"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9708071","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"astro-ph/9708071","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"astro-ph/9708071v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.astro-ph/9708071","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"42KMVTGPQHY4","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"42KMVTGPQHY4XTES","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:48Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"42KMVTGP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:48Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:6aa8436cb76d0287026c6a77a7dabb8c988ad03fe18849bda774cd666c707f35","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We analyse the sample of pulsar proper motions, taking detailed account of the selection effects of the original surveys. We treat censored data using survival statistics. From a comparison of our results with Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the mean birth speed of a pulsar is 250-300 km/s, rather than the 450 km/s foundby Lyne & Lorimer (1994). The resultant distribution is consistent with a maxwellian with dispersion $ \\sigma_v = 190 km/s$. Despite the large birth velocities, we find that the pulsars with long characteristic ages show the asymmetric drift, indicating that they are dyna","authors_text":"2), (2) Theoretical Astrophysics, Brad M. S. Hansen (1, California Institute of Technology), E. Sterl Phinney (2) ((1) Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Toronto","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1997-08-07T21:49:20Z","title":"The Pulsar Kick Velocity Distribution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"astro-ph/9708071","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:6dbdd6e614aab9047274fbf2559974b57a17f3eddb9b4c816c29f23d157f7849","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c06cbf4227ee031b21d8ddfab19c1b5e62de1f24d12bdaaca8d870ad7b64de47","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"","primary_cat":"astro-ph","submitted_at":"1997-08-07T21:49:20Z","title_canon_sha256":"6685f8e1627bab70dd135fc671e25a28b7f360ced5c700f76f3e7036239f4972"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"astro-ph/9708071","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e694cacccf81f1cbcc922fa93a94dc798c303339f5a8afddd887c844186ac1b5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e694cacccf81f1cbcc922fa93a94dc798c303339f5a8afddd887c844186ac1b5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16.909890Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16.909890Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"gzBpVQZS2MSf3fIc214CjFnqYYPCbOpEvDfdJcO/nT1O+34nzY+sBEBCmRnIr6HAlEY0BXIX3mgw0PehYie/AQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:40:16.910327Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"astro-ph/9708071","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:6dbdd6e614aab9047274fbf2559974b57a17f3eddb9b4c816c29f23d157f7849","sha256:6aa8436cb76d0287026c6a77a7dabb8c988ad03fe18849bda774cd666c707f35"],"state_sha256":"1484418bb41508ec761ae4a30734bf6c525c3ac08bf5cda8cfabdc531414a7b2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9A+xsGr4eATc2VKHV/YwgQFqePiILii2dRFb7nKSkfLZR4iL7Mi+Vote2ka/O/Za3YaSlTP2qg/iKZHeJK2wDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T11:51:17.611344Z","bundle_sha256":"60f15b7cff1eabc77b2a8d5ad33f75c2ab10032a0f94cad837b70be9268acffa"}}