{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ","short_pith_number":"pith:43WDXK7W","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1303.2864","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-03-12T12:52:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"81d0ed6074baaee227d4dd4f5dc81e5abe1fb7e6981cbceb8ec9c20c85ce315f","abstract_canon_sha256":"2ec8f347daf81b0e17de3812184ee3f0b998c4b70f94aa4883f899d504622307"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e6ec3babf64c834d722e7ef9c560486a69a3c05eac81c81b5ac84ab3f10d0603","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1303.2864","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1303.2864","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1303.2864v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1303.2864","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"43WDXK7WJSBU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"43WDXK7WJSBU24RO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"43WDXK7W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:32Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1303.2864","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-03-12T12:52:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"81d0ed6074baaee227d4dd4f5dc81e5abe1fb7e6981cbceb8ec9c20c85ce315f","abstract_canon_sha256":"2ec8f347daf81b0e17de3812184ee3f0b998c4b70f94aa4883f899d504622307"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e6ec3babf64c834d722e7ef9c560486a69a3c05eac81c81b5ac84ab3f10d0603","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08.268961Z","signature_b64":"EPJOR+x+FnTYk2KRZuX1bAtL86aaZPqK7mqmFsQIdjBq6ugW/SplT0Ex82BRWZPmDyAW4B/7W5Ar5z7wDeWSAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e6ec3babf64c834d722e7ef9c560486a69a3c05eac81c81b5ac84ab3f10d0603","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08.268193Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08.268193Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1303.2864","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"5Nf3Who0eHjt67xe5D74PNltwKRrHxwN9NRocsH9sg+i4/YtzsxaVZ5OJXPGBVUD0ofYCwsVvWsHQ9YhzJ67DQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T22:58:48.827270Z"},"content_sha256":"5e18dfba786b41dc3ff304b2e58004a81d6655b6245006ee0a13598cc49519eb","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5e18dfba786b41dc3ff304b2e58004a81d6655b6245006ee0a13598cc49519eb"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2013:43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"e-MERLIN resolves Betelgeuse at wavelength 5 cm","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"(2) Instituut voor Sterrenkunde, 3), (4) School of Physics, (5) Department of Physics, 6), (6) Institute of Astronomy, (7) ESO, Academia Sinica, A. M. S. Richards (1), Astronomy, Astrophysics, Belgium (3) Hamburger Sternwarte, Dept. Physics, Dublin, E. O'Gorman (4), Garching bei Muenchen, Germany, Germany), G. M. Harper (4) J. J. Lim (5, I. McDonald (1), Ireland, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, L. Decin (2), M .D. Gray (1), M. Wittkowski (7) ((1) JBCA, R. J. Davis (1), S. Etoka (1, S. T. Garrington (1), Taipei, Taiwan, Trinity College, UK, University of Hong Kong, University of Manchester","submitted_at":"2013-03-12T12:52:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"Convection, pulsation and magnetic fields have all been suggested as mechanisms for the transport of mass and energy from the optical photosphere of red supergiants, out to the region where the stellar wind is launched. We imaged the red supergiant Betelgeuse at 0.06-0.18 arcsec resolution, using e-MERLIN at 5.5--6.0 GHz, with a sensitivity of ~0.01 mJy/beam. Most of the radio emission comes from within an ellipse (0.235x0.218) arcsec^2 (~5x the optical radius), with a flux density of 1.62 mJy, giving an average brightness temperature ~1250 K. This radio photosphere contains two hotspots of 0."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1303.2864","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"6oeZ7064ASY2mkScCaEe7DyQW+smW7UDshWXdGbkzJstOZAsdLYesf/dW7PDNKlD1FL96shay4uRb1/H4ioYBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T22:58:48.827940Z"},"content_sha256":"138cd3e4cab9091d9edc5d54d1d63244ae1c903e3d3244da7ad0b895f339a02f","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:138cd3e4cab9091d9edc5d54d1d63244ae1c903e3d3244da7ad0b895f339a02f"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T22:58:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2013:43WDXK7WJSBU24ROP344KYCINJ","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2ec8f347daf81b0e17de3812184ee3f0b998c4b70f94aa4883f899d504622307","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-03-12T12:52:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"81d0ed6074baaee227d4dd4f5dc81e5abe1fb7e6981cbceb8ec9c20c85ce315f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1303.2864","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1303.2864","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1303.2864v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1303.2864","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"43WDXK7WJSBU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"43WDXK7WJSBU24RO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:32Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"43WDXK7W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:27:32Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:138cd3e4cab9091d9edc5d54d1d63244ae1c903e3d3244da7ad0b895f339a02f","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Convection, pulsation and magnetic fields have all been suggested as mechanisms for the transport of mass and energy from the optical photosphere of red supergiants, out to the region where the stellar wind is launched. We imaged the red supergiant Betelgeuse at 0.06-0.18 arcsec resolution, using e-MERLIN at 5.5--6.0 GHz, with a sensitivity of ~0.01 mJy/beam. Most of the radio emission comes from within an ellipse (0.235x0.218) arcsec^2 (~5x the optical radius), with a flux density of 1.62 mJy, giving an average brightness temperature ~1250 K. This radio photosphere contains two hotspots of 0.","authors_text":"(2) Instituut voor Sterrenkunde, 3), (4) School of Physics, (5) Department of Physics, 6), (6) Institute of Astronomy, (7) ESO, Academia Sinica, A. M. S. Richards (1), Astronomy, Astrophysics, Belgium (3) Hamburger Sternwarte, Dept. Physics, Dublin, E. O'Gorman (4), Garching bei Muenchen, Germany, Germany), G. M. Harper (4) J. J. Lim (5, I. McDonald (1), Ireland, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, L. Decin (2), M .D. Gray (1), M. Wittkowski (7) ((1) JBCA, R. J. Davis (1), S. Etoka (1, S. T. Garrington (1), Taipei, Taiwan, Trinity College, UK, University of Hong Kong, University of Manchester","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-03-12T12:52:34Z","title":"e-MERLIN resolves Betelgeuse at wavelength 5 cm"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1303.2864","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:5e18dfba786b41dc3ff304b2e58004a81d6655b6245006ee0a13598cc49519eb","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2ec8f347daf81b0e17de3812184ee3f0b998c4b70f94aa4883f899d504622307","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2013-03-12T12:52:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"81d0ed6074baaee227d4dd4f5dc81e5abe1fb7e6981cbceb8ec9c20c85ce315f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1303.2864","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e6ec3babf64c834d722e7ef9c560486a69a3c05eac81c81b5ac84ab3f10d0603","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e6ec3babf64c834d722e7ef9c560486a69a3c05eac81c81b5ac84ab3f10d0603","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08.268193Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08.268193Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"EPJOR+x+FnTYk2KRZuX1bAtL86aaZPqK7mqmFsQIdjBq6ugW/SplT0Ex82BRWZPmDyAW4B/7W5Ar5z7wDeWSAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:51:08.268961Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1303.2864","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:5e18dfba786b41dc3ff304b2e58004a81d6655b6245006ee0a13598cc49519eb","sha256:138cd3e4cab9091d9edc5d54d1d63244ae1c903e3d3244da7ad0b895f339a02f"],"state_sha256":"e3dbcdd83063ecc43db4b49becf59ebbbe8bfcb24659700140ce7e87250bb6e2"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"CbVS7+tRPuev9TaI811hBypuqPWLdKLLxHOX3277pOctP3UniA0h7UtKFjyDMaSDKSWSexzUpVBVCg7Yi8P3BQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T22:58:48.831302Z","bundle_sha256":"2aabc78ec6ef4722cc0f900ec400438ecc9f349b0a6799b1a41d0166b9e5cbb0"}}