{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1994:44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS","short_pith_number":"pith:44IE6RQ3","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-th/9412040","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1994-12-05T20:55:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"2a8185319684d4176e5f321c4ea787c981f46aad5c4d111c067031286f191b26","abstract_canon_sha256":"2b06b078a16ece8d48627b40c344d659391c12b769d7806565db572049453837"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e7104f461b15140830d65a558204a00c8c53077c29755ea15a1f0b7aabee3ef5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"hep-th/9412040","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-th/9412040","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-th/9412040v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9412040","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"44IE6RQ3CUKA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"44IE6RQ3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:1994:44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"hep-th/9412040","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1994-12-05T20:55:17Z","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"2a8185319684d4176e5f321c4ea787c981f46aad5c4d111c067031286f191b26","abstract_canon_sha256":"2b06b078a16ece8d48627b40c344d659391c12b769d7806565db572049453837"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e7104f461b15140830d65a558204a00c8c53077c29755ea15a1f0b7aabee3ef5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.096559Z","signature_b64":"1Hr/HuL7QH53wjRclEneMv73cAw02dMet/higmnEJdKdv9IFp4tsrORpVGp6BjpQ9aLWHvRSxafcfViJo4emBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e7104f461b15140830d65a558204a00c8c53077c29755ea15a1f0b7aabee3ef5","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.095930Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.095930Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"hep-th/9412040","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"fK6GU5/Amvfu5pLtbk8oSjJxHxCesmMBU++lIHfqeveZmzSCWZ3MYiopYmF1TA4Oyv+3fZ7oOyjO5/+fP2caCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T07:51:06.766950Z"},"content_sha256":"89c59a0339a254105ffcb7cedecf0f0ea083beead1dde386f42ec3fc0c382755","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:89c59a0339a254105ffcb7cedecf0f0ea083beead1dde386f42ec3fc0c382755"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:1994:44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Analytic Structure of Amplitudes in Gauge Theories with Confinement","license":"","headline":"","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"primary_cat":"hep-th","authors_text":"Reinhard Oehme","submitted_at":"1994-12-05T20:55:17Z","abstract_excerpt":"For gauge theories with confinement, the analytic structure of amplitudes is explored. It is shown that the analytic properties of physical amplitudes are the same as those obtained on the basis of an effective theory involving only the composite, physical fields. The corresponding proofs of dispersion relations remain valid. Anomalous thresholds are considered. They are related to the composite structure of particles. It is shown, that there are no such thresholds in physical amplitudes which are associated with confined constituents, like quarks and gluons in QCD. Unphysical amplitudes are c"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/9412040","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"BX3XZadZmjdY3E6zyDyKSNJoPeZo2jIHwlmC6E3nyaN4z6VRKmWk5VShBIsh+IKYDRyuxxKpaV9raRee72cuDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T07:51:06.767700Z"},"content_sha256":"cea49bda8bdc2cd486adcfe2860f8b05fb07f0dab423c56b119123dc934c3997","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:cea49bda8bdc2cd486adcfe2860f8b05fb07f0dab423c56b119123dc934c3997"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-09T07:51:06Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:1994:44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGWLJKYEBFABS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2b06b078a16ece8d48627b40c344d659391c12b769d7806565db572049453837","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1994-12-05T20:55:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"2a8185319684d4176e5f321c4ea787c981f46aad5c4d111c067031286f191b26"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-th/9412040","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"hep-th/9412040","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"hep-th/9412040v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.hep-th/9412040","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"44IE6RQ3CUKA","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"44IE6RQ3CUKAQMGW","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"44IE6RQ3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:25:47Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:cea49bda8bdc2cd486adcfe2860f8b05fb07f0dab423c56b119123dc934c3997","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"For gauge theories with confinement, the analytic structure of amplitudes is explored. It is shown that the analytic properties of physical amplitudes are the same as those obtained on the basis of an effective theory involving only the composite, physical fields. The corresponding proofs of dispersion relations remain valid. Anomalous thresholds are considered. They are related to the composite structure of particles. It is shown, that there are no such thresholds in physical amplitudes which are associated with confined constituents, like quarks and gluons in QCD. Unphysical amplitudes are c","authors_text":"Reinhard Oehme","cross_cats":["hep-ph"],"headline":"","license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1994-12-05T20:55:17Z","title":"Analytic Structure of Amplitudes in Gauge Theories with Confinement"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"hep-th/9412040","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:89c59a0339a254105ffcb7cedecf0f0ea083beead1dde386f42ec3fc0c382755","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2b06b078a16ece8d48627b40c344d659391c12b769d7806565db572049453837","cross_cats_sorted":["hep-ph"],"license":"","primary_cat":"hep-th","submitted_at":"1994-12-05T20:55:17Z","title_canon_sha256":"2a8185319684d4176e5f321c4ea787c981f46aad5c4d111c067031286f191b26"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"hep-th/9412040","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e7104f461b15140830d65a558204a00c8c53077c29755ea15a1f0b7aabee3ef5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e7104f461b15140830d65a558204a00c8c53077c29755ea15a1f0b7aabee3ef5","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.095930Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.095930Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"1Hr/HuL7QH53wjRclEneMv73cAw02dMet/higmnEJdKdv9IFp4tsrORpVGp6BjpQ9aLWHvRSxafcfViJo4emBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T04:24:16.096559Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"hep-th/9412040","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:89c59a0339a254105ffcb7cedecf0f0ea083beead1dde386f42ec3fc0c382755","sha256:cea49bda8bdc2cd486adcfe2860f8b05fb07f0dab423c56b119123dc934c3997"],"state_sha256":"7c8d4a516ad77659bf458365f7af355fe8b78e17010ab93f6073bce49f489a95"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7xMU2el3hUeereTwMwyTcataXofywP0jtfy5mnyIf3yun4r5emdQhsCMWylrkr9oogMME+khnBTCpb7vxH4uDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-09T07:51:06.772826Z","bundle_sha256":"f7e7a7be1f8dfe6f6bf5918a19be8d935c806928b3928e14fb4b985ceb82fa05"}}