{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB","short_pith_number":"pith:46LORBX6","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.00402","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2018-01-01T06:56:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"title_canon_sha256":"fafbe8be28067d590d87816e6b3014b73b6a288000c890bafea3048b990a0e2e","abstract_canon_sha256":"eaac871357f6756349929f3f0cbc12e91fc5d8c5db58e090a5deab8462fa41cd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e796e886fe26785c9be1b08445e85ba072d338f0598376ff6db83cf72a21a836","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1801.00402","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.00402","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.00402v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.00402","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"46LORBX6EZ4F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"46LORBX6EZ4FZG7B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"46LORBX6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1801.00402","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2018-01-01T06:56:52Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"title_canon_sha256":"fafbe8be28067d590d87816e6b3014b73b6a288000c890bafea3048b990a0e2e","abstract_canon_sha256":"eaac871357f6756349929f3f0cbc12e91fc5d8c5db58e090a5deab8462fa41cd"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e796e886fe26785c9be1b08445e85ba072d338f0598376ff6db83cf72a21a836","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58.342373Z","signature_b64":"JhrbakTSDoAM6LfjNgWiOiYhqszghE6r3YOo22E60LLNONVJnu/tXDscPdCCu5QT9pCK2jYPncm4RGjfiwZHDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e796e886fe26785c9be1b08445e85ba072d338f0598376ff6db83cf72a21a836","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58.341699Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58.341699Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1801.00402","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Oj8B8EpafE7sWhJLj6BRJoBNJI5Yn7o2U4xOE5IzVpqXZXRZ4qJzIvoF6c1XjcID9RvvzYMbOLm5PPifW2ElBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T20:11:32.191956Z"},"content_sha256":"a0794de07798ee2f5a648a67975ea655b66c1997e271d96454524b82fc1b5964","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a0794de07798ee2f5a648a67975ea655b66c1997e271d96454524b82fc1b5964"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Optical models for thin layers","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"primary_cat":"physics.optics","authors_text":"Tony F. Heinz, Yilei Li","submitted_at":"2018-01-01T06:56:52Z","abstract_excerpt":"We provide a systematic study of the optical models for thin layers: the 3D model, the 2D model and the linearized 2D model. We show that the 2D model is applicable for layers with small optical thicknesses. Excellent agreement of the 2D model with the 3D model is demonstrated over broad spectral ranges from DC to near UV for representative van der Waals atomic layers and thin metal layers. The linearized 2D model requires additionally weak optical response. Analytical expressions for the applicability and accuracies of the optical models are derived. We discuss the advantages and limitations "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.00402","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"im1b+TYeyAGx+QwEuKWGRs5LhFSwku3RgelnDyLnG3eR2o49M40AQWL5JoJZa4BlQZplSkOsfLI6Jr/VHfhXAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T20:11:32.192538Z"},"content_sha256":"f3b817e953f103ba5d24dc6e30a04fbc2f5091dfdeac6549b344fbdd03c9ef14","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f3b817e953f103ba5d24dc6e30a04fbc2f5091dfdeac6549b344fbdd03c9ef14"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-06T20:11:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:46LORBX6EZ4FZG7BWCCEL2C3UB","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"eaac871357f6756349929f3f0cbc12e91fc5d8c5db58e090a5deab8462fa41cd","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2018-01-01T06:56:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"fafbe8be28067d590d87816e6b3014b73b6a288000c890bafea3048b990a0e2e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.00402","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1801.00402","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1801.00402v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1801.00402","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"46LORBX6EZ4F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"46LORBX6EZ4FZG7B","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"46LORBX6","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f3b817e953f103ba5d24dc6e30a04fbc2f5091dfdeac6549b344fbdd03c9ef14","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We provide a systematic study of the optical models for thin layers: the 3D model, the 2D model and the linearized 2D model. We show that the 2D model is applicable for layers with small optical thicknesses. Excellent agreement of the 2D model with the 3D model is demonstrated over broad spectral ranges from DC to near UV for representative van der Waals atomic layers and thin metal layers. The linearized 2D model requires additionally weak optical response. Analytical expressions for the applicability and accuracies of the optical models are derived. We discuss the advantages and limitations ","authors_text":"Tony F. Heinz, Yilei Li","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2018-01-01T06:56:52Z","title":"Optical models for thin layers"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1801.00402","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a0794de07798ee2f5a648a67975ea655b66c1997e271d96454524b82fc1b5964","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"eaac871357f6756349929f3f0cbc12e91fc5d8c5db58e090a5deab8462fa41cd","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.optics","submitted_at":"2018-01-01T06:56:52Z","title_canon_sha256":"fafbe8be28067d590d87816e6b3014b73b6a288000c890bafea3048b990a0e2e"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1801.00402","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e796e886fe26785c9be1b08445e85ba072d338f0598376ff6db83cf72a21a836","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e796e886fe26785c9be1b08445e85ba072d338f0598376ff6db83cf72a21a836","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58.341699Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58.341699Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"JhrbakTSDoAM6LfjNgWiOiYhqszghE6r3YOo22E60LLNONVJnu/tXDscPdCCu5QT9pCK2jYPncm4RGjfiwZHDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:26:58.342373Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1801.00402","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a0794de07798ee2f5a648a67975ea655b66c1997e271d96454524b82fc1b5964","sha256:f3b817e953f103ba5d24dc6e30a04fbc2f5091dfdeac6549b344fbdd03c9ef14"],"state_sha256":"ef67206afe43ec8c8d5d0d06fa3b998198dc8acf9b32df43de37c07bcac1143a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"dEEKp+G3H/PODhxiuMsk4Wp83j8G7qfPiJ2k2ZtgKDGlVjKxEV7F5MVTZxF9zi6veYy4E7XsaaZmUllpk2ThDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T20:11:32.195857Z","bundle_sha256":"2cee9c6392456f6a936bc72d9e71616037fe2b3ec93d16bd5d88216f71984175"}}