{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX","short_pith_number":"pith:473JHU7Z","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1605.01214","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2016-05-04T10:45:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6b4acbf9ebbf81d2852a64a10471352af965af8077c99e79ef91a6dae7c13dc8","abstract_canon_sha256":"87b8c60d76c558709870810002870ba4ddb25923665be4bd7404288328595b91"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e7f693d3f9fd06fadbcb12911656d085ccd74b27cca0d2399b81e05102aaaf34","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1605.01214","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1605.01214","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1605.01214v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1605.01214","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"473JHU7Z7UDP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"473JHU7Z7UDPVW6L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"473JHU7Z","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1605.01214","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2016-05-04T10:45:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6b4acbf9ebbf81d2852a64a10471352af965af8077c99e79ef91a6dae7c13dc8","abstract_canon_sha256":"87b8c60d76c558709870810002870ba4ddb25923665be4bd7404288328595b91"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e7f693d3f9fd06fadbcb12911656d085ccd74b27cca0d2399b81e05102aaaf34","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37.489250Z","signature_b64":"fycmFHDNsy8LapNK2aIS8lfio/NB4vJsULDsi9u17oJmaDYzALqf2yHzh8HH3c0Z0kWbYYc29aJ+O2J5ZrXlBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e7f693d3f9fd06fadbcb12911656d085ccd74b27cca0d2399b81e05102aaaf34","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37.488503Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37.488503Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1605.01214","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"y+g7OpF+DHvLNiQVbDw/3Ls5LqG+6/NfwvhKla7EkiDvnF1Udz91sCcKMEan+XS9Fi4ngoqEPlECO9vvcKD3Dg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T04:38:54.745284Z"},"content_sha256":"d6415b60ceb23f7334da5cb6b202f217119942db48186b07b739ba6428087e64","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d6415b60ceb23f7334da5cb6b202f217119942db48186b07b739ba6428087e64"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Factor Models for Asset Returns Based on Transformed Factors","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Department of Mathematics, Efang Kong, Jialiang Li, University of York), Wenyang Zhang (The corresponding author","submitted_at":"2016-05-04T10:45:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"The Fama-French three factor models are commonly used in the description of asset returns in finance. Statistically speaking, the Fama-French three factor models imply that the return of an asset can be accounted for directly by the Fama-French three factors, i.e. market, size and value factor, through a linear function. A natural question is: would some kind of transformed Fama-French three factors work better than the three factors? If so, what kind of transformation should be imposed on each factor in order to make the transformed three factors better account for asset returns? In this pape"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1605.01214","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"cynsJDf0m6khAMWQsovq3b6CX5eH83MvkL2ryqjOHMOX9IMvAbUiVn5OpzeXBiJ84SqhLNYh+30GUrqc0lVUBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T04:38:54.745891Z"},"content_sha256":"8cc9aca64d2a3e6c0f247db0a8182da6897fa8efe122da62092e70fdcffe81e0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8cc9aca64d2a3e6c0f247db0a8182da6897fa8efe122da62092e70fdcffe81e0"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T04:38:54Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:473JHU7Z7UDPVW6LCKIRMVWQQX","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"87b8c60d76c558709870810002870ba4ddb25923665be4bd7404288328595b91","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2016-05-04T10:45:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"6b4acbf9ebbf81d2852a64a10471352af965af8077c99e79ef91a6dae7c13dc8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1605.01214","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1605.01214","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1605.01214v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1605.01214","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"473JHU7Z7UDP","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"473JHU7Z7UDPVW6L","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"473JHU7Z","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8cc9aca64d2a3e6c0f247db0a8182da6897fa8efe122da62092e70fdcffe81e0","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The Fama-French three factor models are commonly used in the description of asset returns in finance. Statistically speaking, the Fama-French three factor models imply that the return of an asset can be accounted for directly by the Fama-French three factors, i.e. market, size and value factor, through a linear function. A natural question is: would some kind of transformed Fama-French three factors work better than the three factors? If so, what kind of transformation should be imposed on each factor in order to make the transformed three factors better account for asset returns? In this pape","authors_text":"Department of Mathematics, Efang Kong, Jialiang Li, University of York), Wenyang Zhang (The corresponding author","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2016-05-04T10:45:58Z","title":"Factor Models for Asset Returns Based on Transformed Factors"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1605.01214","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d6415b60ceb23f7334da5cb6b202f217119942db48186b07b739ba6428087e64","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"87b8c60d76c558709870810002870ba4ddb25923665be4bd7404288328595b91","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2016-05-04T10:45:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"6b4acbf9ebbf81d2852a64a10471352af965af8077c99e79ef91a6dae7c13dc8"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1605.01214","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e7f693d3f9fd06fadbcb12911656d085ccd74b27cca0d2399b81e05102aaaf34","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e7f693d3f9fd06fadbcb12911656d085ccd74b27cca0d2399b81e05102aaaf34","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37.488503Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37.488503Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"fycmFHDNsy8LapNK2aIS8lfio/NB4vJsULDsi9u17oJmaDYzALqf2yHzh8HH3c0Z0kWbYYc29aJ+O2J5ZrXlBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:15:37.489250Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1605.01214","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d6415b60ceb23f7334da5cb6b202f217119942db48186b07b739ba6428087e64","sha256:8cc9aca64d2a3e6c0f247db0a8182da6897fa8efe122da62092e70fdcffe81e0"],"state_sha256":"f78246aad9edf6af4160a6a399409e830c128dd4da9ab56c198aa368f7e6ad0e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Gib1+Lnn585ZkXP6M+MD95bhocc9s2bmElSqQExUm4JnCcsC3lluf8vslJnaJ89vAUpCP2frt/mpDFuIiGV0Aw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T04:38:54.749218Z","bundle_sha256":"cea6d366813e77e1fa97e031a8566a05a41932b5d806a32de489d69fb66e22d8"}}