{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR","short_pith_number":"pith:4A2TK5BU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1711.06790","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AR","submitted_at":"2017-11-18T01:43:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c3ab4d1c29a326ccc70b2d11ed9739dd19759a09df73acd9f27a0dbcddfcc0f7","abstract_canon_sha256":"b0044046daaee603515a34025886f73804e8d33748c1dc0cb0fc77a4aab44079"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e0353574340a2bfc46716f015423df0c5309a48d53dd8549c181664a954861f7","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1711.06790","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1711.06790","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1711.06790v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1711.06790","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4A2TK5BUBIV7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4A2TK5BU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1711.06790","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AR","submitted_at":"2017-11-18T01:43:14Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c3ab4d1c29a326ccc70b2d11ed9739dd19759a09df73acd9f27a0dbcddfcc0f7","abstract_canon_sha256":"b0044046daaee603515a34025886f73804e8d33748c1dc0cb0fc77a4aab44079"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e0353574340a2bfc46716f015423df0c5309a48d53dd8549c181664a954861f7","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15.612214Z","signature_b64":"qq0Js9PyzRaJUTWGPMb0hBC6TWdHZ6K4JQOlkdslbNyImGplFP9Pd6A9eUrx2YCDN7eUIvS8mqy2SkXIECdfCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e0353574340a2bfc46716f015423df0c5309a48d53dd8549c181664a954861f7","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15.611558Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15.611558Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1711.06790","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"uVewDuHe37v87Pl49OaSIll1EToHH3w2Jr5ZCFD1YslXpC7BAb2lCypBoihEBs4ypksMivStH0Ihan+Z6enmDw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T17:38:16.537645Z"},"content_sha256":"d0fd364d434bedab984a2fe275d96a1d750bd278c880cf423e97fe8fa7fe09f7","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:d0fd364d434bedab984a2fe275d96a1d750bd278c880cf423e97fe8fa7fe09f7"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2017:4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Mitigating Read-disturbance Errors in STT-RAM Caches by Using Data Compression","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.AR","authors_text":"Sparsh Mittal","submitted_at":"2017-11-18T01:43:14Z","abstract_excerpt":"Due to its high density and close-to-SRAM read latency, spin transfer torque RAM (STT-RAM) is considered one of the most-promising emerging memory technologies for designing large last level caches (LLCs). However, in deep sub-micron region, STT-RAM shows read-disturbance error (RDE) whereby a read operation may modify the stored data value and this presents a severe threat to performance and reliability of STT-RAM caches. In this paper, we present a technique, named SHIELD, to mitigate RDE in STT-RAM LLCs. SHIELD uses data compression to reduce number of read operations from STT-RAM blocks to"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1711.06790","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"2/IYHCUfZoFmXSMytta5mG3sQeqRGsJSqoS3NAxuATt5+Rrp7XTF51UKvHDQF3sLaNYqxslrYKwdAIJymFNnBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T17:38:16.538330Z"},"content_sha256":"87e8f347bf75772546c2eb657d227996a29db97b7c60da84603b279ec6782f07","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:87e8f347bf75772546c2eb657d227996a29db97b7c60da84603b279ec6782f07"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T17:38:16Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2017:4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTRN4AVII67BR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b0044046daaee603515a34025886f73804e8d33748c1dc0cb0fc77a4aab44079","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AR","submitted_at":"2017-11-18T01:43:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"c3ab4d1c29a326ccc70b2d11ed9739dd19759a09df73acd9f27a0dbcddfcc0f7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1711.06790","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1711.06790","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1711.06790v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1711.06790","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4A2TK5BUBIV7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4A2TK5BUBIV7YRTR","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4A2TK5BU","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:30:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:87e8f347bf75772546c2eb657d227996a29db97b7c60da84603b279ec6782f07","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Due to its high density and close-to-SRAM read latency, spin transfer torque RAM (STT-RAM) is considered one of the most-promising emerging memory technologies for designing large last level caches (LLCs). However, in deep sub-micron region, STT-RAM shows read-disturbance error (RDE) whereby a read operation may modify the stored data value and this presents a severe threat to performance and reliability of STT-RAM caches. In this paper, we present a technique, named SHIELD, to mitigate RDE in STT-RAM LLCs. SHIELD uses data compression to reduce number of read operations from STT-RAM blocks to","authors_text":"Sparsh Mittal","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AR","submitted_at":"2017-11-18T01:43:14Z","title":"Mitigating Read-disturbance Errors in STT-RAM Caches by Using Data Compression"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1711.06790","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:d0fd364d434bedab984a2fe275d96a1d750bd278c880cf423e97fe8fa7fe09f7","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"b0044046daaee603515a34025886f73804e8d33748c1dc0cb0fc77a4aab44079","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.AR","submitted_at":"2017-11-18T01:43:14Z","title_canon_sha256":"c3ab4d1c29a326ccc70b2d11ed9739dd19759a09df73acd9f27a0dbcddfcc0f7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1711.06790","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e0353574340a2bfc46716f015423df0c5309a48d53dd8549c181664a954861f7","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e0353574340a2bfc46716f015423df0c5309a48d53dd8549c181664a954861f7","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15.611558Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15.611558Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"qq0Js9PyzRaJUTWGPMb0hBC6TWdHZ6K4JQOlkdslbNyImGplFP9Pd6A9eUrx2YCDN7eUIvS8mqy2SkXIECdfCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:30:15.612214Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1711.06790","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:d0fd364d434bedab984a2fe275d96a1d750bd278c880cf423e97fe8fa7fe09f7","sha256:87e8f347bf75772546c2eb657d227996a29db97b7c60da84603b279ec6782f07"],"state_sha256":"08e142253976b20ad69ae707a87923af84ddb5d75e78a08a74ccfd9852a1a02d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Lz/R3aoWfNUjZ6mzM993qC+mL5v/+2izoDqdJKK2AcMGjByOpPw0sBnIsRUHQQL8L+j2mvdmM36ys9s8uA/ZAA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T17:38:16.542005Z","bundle_sha256":"67cedd8f8b080da533948679f7389c0fa209207f92c63fe5ebc7269f181b9a2a"}}