{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6","short_pith_number":"pith:4AQHFFOO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1407.4945","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T10:41:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"dcb04346c140b1d8e7770db174d911971f4b79da0bed0f3bfc6a91afb33ae32f","abstract_canon_sha256":"a0b5c4e9c9327f1f2c68d820c0e5930a3ce5171596d16fd3fe88f282df269b98"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e0207295ce1447f8c16cfc37e475d457aaaffc83f8531b7708213c8bb3a2d65c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1407.4945","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1407.4945","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1407.4945v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1407.4945","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4AQHFFOOCRD7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4AQHFFOO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1407.4945","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T10:41:26Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"dcb04346c140b1d8e7770db174d911971f4b79da0bed0f3bfc6a91afb33ae32f","abstract_canon_sha256":"a0b5c4e9c9327f1f2c68d820c0e5930a3ce5171596d16fd3fe88f282df269b98"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e0207295ce1447f8c16cfc37e475d457aaaffc83f8531b7708213c8bb3a2d65c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22.301990Z","signature_b64":"MNNuLl6oJB28z1cI6Jl92+WwD2MyJHjY90ZhAex66qH2Js3Hjz6IcrlAy0+vgsawzPznfg+HYaAKhvtUF1PcAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e0207295ce1447f8c16cfc37e475d457aaaffc83f8531b7708213c8bb3a2d65c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22.301536Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22.301536Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1407.4945","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ewP78O4Lu1QuYFIrtBiLMuJsy0g8Op3K9jrkPNz6DWAZZx+QCX25T/b7o3NG8gyawZG6zo7SgP6HA5Hwo6ouBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T14:11:21.270849Z"},"content_sha256":"54ac2d69668d78d783b65fe7b555687f0d79c06238aff98ffd5dc4eda5050c7a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:54ac2d69668d78d783b65fe7b555687f0d79c06238aff98ffd5dc4eda5050c7a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Friends or Foes: Distributed and Randomized Algorithms to Determine Dishonest Recommenders in Online Social Networks","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph"],"primary_cat":"cs.SI","authors_text":"John C. S. Lui, Yongkun Li","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T10:41:26Z","abstract_excerpt":"Viral marketing is becoming important due to the popularity of online social networks (OSNs). Companies may provide incentives (e.g., via free samples of a product) to a small group of users in an OSN, and these users provide recommendations to their friends, which eventually increases the overall sales of a given product. Nevertheless, this also opens a door for \"malicious behaviors\": dishonest users may intentionally give misleading recommendations to their friends so as to distort the normal sales distribution. In this paper, we propose a detection framework to identify dishonest users in O"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1407.4945","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"vSlMNcgN5ue5QOMa1Ra/aZNyz0bTvMJQsa5GqRNAmODy6elJlmxU9crtA1wN6rQbkYEoHjhHO7hZD7XdZovaAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T14:11:21.271549Z"},"content_sha256":"c8bc8bb8c209a35b786d4426e3d68cfc0971abd7341b9b117158124067cf3cf9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c8bc8bb8c209a35b786d4426e3d68cfc0971abd7341b9b117158124067cf3cf9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-06T14:11:21Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM7Q36I5OUK6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a0b5c4e9c9327f1f2c68d820c0e5930a3ce5171596d16fd3fe88f282df269b98","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T10:41:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"dcb04346c140b1d8e7770db174d911971f4b79da0bed0f3bfc6a91afb33ae32f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1407.4945","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1407.4945","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1407.4945v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1407.4945","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4AQHFFOOCRD7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4AQHFFOOCRD7RQLM","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4AQHFFOO","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c8bc8bb8c209a35b786d4426e3d68cfc0971abd7341b9b117158124067cf3cf9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Viral marketing is becoming important due to the popularity of online social networks (OSNs). Companies may provide incentives (e.g., via free samples of a product) to a small group of users in an OSN, and these users provide recommendations to their friends, which eventually increases the overall sales of a given product. Nevertheless, this also opens a door for \"malicious behaviors\": dishonest users may intentionally give misleading recommendations to their friends so as to distort the normal sales distribution. In this paper, we propose a detection framework to identify dishonest users in O","authors_text":"John C. S. Lui, Yongkun Li","cross_cats":["physics.soc-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T10:41:26Z","title":"Friends or Foes: Distributed and Randomized Algorithms to Determine Dishonest Recommenders in Online Social Networks"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1407.4945","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:54ac2d69668d78d783b65fe7b555687f0d79c06238aff98ffd5dc4eda5050c7a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a0b5c4e9c9327f1f2c68d820c0e5930a3ce5171596d16fd3fe88f282df269b98","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.soc-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SI","submitted_at":"2014-07-18T10:41:26Z","title_canon_sha256":"dcb04346c140b1d8e7770db174d911971f4b79da0bed0f3bfc6a91afb33ae32f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1407.4945","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e0207295ce1447f8c16cfc37e475d457aaaffc83f8531b7708213c8bb3a2d65c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e0207295ce1447f8c16cfc37e475d457aaaffc83f8531b7708213c8bb3a2d65c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22.301536Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22.301536Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"MNNuLl6oJB28z1cI6Jl92+WwD2MyJHjY90ZhAex66qH2Js3Hjz6IcrlAy0+vgsawzPznfg+HYaAKhvtUF1PcAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:47:22.301990Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1407.4945","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:54ac2d69668d78d783b65fe7b555687f0d79c06238aff98ffd5dc4eda5050c7a","sha256:c8bc8bb8c209a35b786d4426e3d68cfc0971abd7341b9b117158124067cf3cf9"],"state_sha256":"79c2524911f1e613d921d1870002db3f8f27d0fd85f727301953ad9823af175d"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"UXnZtLthsHlgjltQpSnSEpobaCkJh9j+W2rSNOOU3YyKw8AxdJWBMslyBtBTuwmSIW9NCYAfBrEq7DJ/X/+TBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-06T14:11:21.275794Z","bundle_sha256":"9cc90c8a64f802a1906cc7e046aeda84e05b2ce3716fa9203dcb7abeba331930"}}