{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2024:4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E","short_pith_number":"pith:4D4RZYNY","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"e0f91ce1b8900d770324df92e81343f10bf493703d18c53b209cdd33f7f32e5e","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2401.07229","version":1},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Flat Spectra of Energetic Particles in Interplanetary Shock Precursors","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Fan Guo, Joe Giacalone, Mikhail Malkov","submitted_at":"2024-01-14T08:29:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"The observed energy spectra of accelerated particles at interplanetary shocks often do not match the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) theory predictions. In some cases, the particle flux forms a plateau over a wide range of energies, extending upstream of the shock for up to seven flux's e-folds before submerging into the background spectrum. Remarkably, at and behind the shock that we have studied in detail, the flux falls off in energy as $\\epsilon^{-1}$, consistent with the DSA prediction for a strong shock. The upstream plateau suggests a different particle transport mechanism than those"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2401.07229","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2024-01-14T08:29:15Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"8628e6399a967702ec755d0a4455106aa9b2f9fb1c10874747cf80e83eb89eef","abstract_canon_sha256":"3a107a06b0942f8240f5a6ab2e06cb26731e242116da95af935268453c1cce56"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.483248Z","signature_b64":"dNtz3uckRiYM0vKW4xHgNCzywRJg4QByUVqLNAxDHMoXVW8/Jg+2N9Dggou07zrV2CxXgv7xwtfJUoLYpG0wBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e0f91ce1b8900d770324df92e81343f10bf493703d18c53b209cdd33f7f32e5e","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.482802Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.482802Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Flat Spectra of Energetic Particles in Interplanetary Shock Precursors","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Fan Guo, Joe Giacalone, Mikhail Malkov","submitted_at":"2024-01-14T08:29:15Z","abstract_excerpt":"The observed energy spectra of accelerated particles at interplanetary shocks often do not match the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) theory predictions. In some cases, the particle flux forms a plateau over a wide range of energies, extending upstream of the shock for up to seven flux's e-folds before submerging into the background spectrum. Remarkably, at and behind the shock that we have studied in detail, the flux falls off in energy as $\\epsilon^{-1}$, consistent with the DSA prediction for a strong shock. The upstream plateau suggests a different particle transport mechanism than those"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2401.07229","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2401.07229/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2401.07229","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.482861+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2401.07229v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.482861+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2401.07229","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.482861+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4D4RZYNYSAGX","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.482861+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.482861+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4D4RZYNY","created_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.482861+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E","json":"https://pith.science/pith/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/4D4RZYNY"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/4D4RZYNY","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=2401.07229&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/4D4RZYNYSAGXOAZE36JOQE2D6E/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.482861+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T09:26:23.482861+00:00"}