{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK","short_pith_number":"pith:4DNFPV5W","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1809.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2018-09-23T14:59:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c31cc41380f6a11b3c77ec87fe9ad9cabb6602215ea972f13260350b03a05daa","abstract_canon_sha256":"0c4260e96b77f292e001cbc7984c928328f78c1bea7efa5b474433869c09c341"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e0da57d7b67bdd3ba730829d3d802722ac698c9a23e6143a8a7d8b1cc907b86c","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1809.08609","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.08609","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.08609v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.08609","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4DNFPV5WPPOT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4DNFPV5W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1809.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2018-09-23T14:59:43Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"c31cc41380f6a11b3c77ec87fe9ad9cabb6602215ea972f13260350b03a05daa","abstract_canon_sha256":"0c4260e96b77f292e001cbc7984c928328f78c1bea7efa5b474433869c09c341"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e0da57d7b67bdd3ba730829d3d802722ac698c9a23e6143a8a7d8b1cc907b86c","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14.824672Z","signature_b64":"q0707Xg1aLqzpAv25GcK9PiAWvJWp5jKkUd4WEDNul6Czs0dKGlhfxao+sJfn9wJ2JOO9PGzmPpTFSYUjySFAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e0da57d7b67bdd3ba730829d3d802722ac698c9a23e6143a8a7d8b1cc907b86c","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14.824144Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14.824144Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1809.08609","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NZ22bzY/ElSdDHulFnjD2peWc65VuMcu3dx8dYxO8Hnsh2qn86hAy1REz4e+npVvyBrLOGDpMEROuNnQ5nGSDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T20:15:15.054643Z"},"content_sha256":"f280d30e8ee642b1027f6931bdacba0bd33236cdc2f97c1ae0ba9794f7802109","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f280d30e8ee642b1027f6931bdacba0bd33236cdc2f97c1ae0ba9794f7802109"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Bulk viscosity in a neutron star mantle","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"D. G. Yakovlev, M. E. Gusakov, P. Haensel","submitted_at":"2018-09-23T14:59:43Z","abstract_excerpt":"We study the bulk viscosity in two (anti-spaghetti and Swiss cheese) phases of non- spherical nuclei in the mantle of an oscillating neutron star near the boundary with the stellar core. The bulk viscosity is produced by non-equilibrium Urca neutrino emis- sion processes. In the mantle, the direct Urca process may be open (Gusakov et al., 2004) if neutrons and protons move in a periodic potential created by a lattice of non- spherical nuclei (which allows the nucleons to have large quasi-momenta and satisfy direct Urca momentum-conservation). This bulk viscosity can dominate over that due to t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3mFQMUOe1nsMzrBNVg33p0dTWQe16AEF2hSl0/goxrwgy3XPMcQrDqzS/HPSfBueIkX1VyIbIDPeK07sWdaSAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T20:15:15.055084Z"},"content_sha256":"c5acfccdf0e34dfbf3beea86896d09fe669aeb7e5abee6c045c9643e5aec1456","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c5acfccdf0e34dfbf3beea86896d09fe669aeb7e5abee6c045c9643e5aec1456"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T20:15:15Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQQKOT3ABHEK","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0c4260e96b77f292e001cbc7984c928328f78c1bea7efa5b474433869c09c341","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2018-09-23T14:59:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"c31cc41380f6a11b3c77ec87fe9ad9cabb6602215ea972f13260350b03a05daa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1809.08609","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1809.08609v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1809.08609","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4DNFPV5WPPOT","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4DNFPV5WPPOTXJZQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4DNFPV5W","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c5acfccdf0e34dfbf3beea86896d09fe669aeb7e5abee6c045c9643e5aec1456","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We study the bulk viscosity in two (anti-spaghetti and Swiss cheese) phases of non- spherical nuclei in the mantle of an oscillating neutron star near the boundary with the stellar core. The bulk viscosity is produced by non-equilibrium Urca neutrino emis- sion processes. In the mantle, the direct Urca process may be open (Gusakov et al., 2004) if neutrons and protons move in a periodic potential created by a lattice of non- spherical nuclei (which allows the nucleons to have large quasi-momenta and satisfy direct Urca momentum-conservation). This bulk viscosity can dominate over that due to t","authors_text":"D. G. Yakovlev, M. E. Gusakov, P. Haensel","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2018-09-23T14:59:43Z","title":"Bulk viscosity in a neutron star mantle"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1809.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f280d30e8ee642b1027f6931bdacba0bd33236cdc2f97c1ae0ba9794f7802109","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0c4260e96b77f292e001cbc7984c928328f78c1bea7efa5b474433869c09c341","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2018-09-23T14:59:43Z","title_canon_sha256":"c31cc41380f6a11b3c77ec87fe9ad9cabb6602215ea972f13260350b03a05daa"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1809.08609","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e0da57d7b67bdd3ba730829d3d802722ac698c9a23e6143a8a7d8b1cc907b86c","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e0da57d7b67bdd3ba730829d3d802722ac698c9a23e6143a8a7d8b1cc907b86c","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14.824144Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14.824144Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"q0707Xg1aLqzpAv25GcK9PiAWvJWp5jKkUd4WEDNul6Czs0dKGlhfxao+sJfn9wJ2JOO9PGzmPpTFSYUjySFAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:03:14.824672Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1809.08609","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f280d30e8ee642b1027f6931bdacba0bd33236cdc2f97c1ae0ba9794f7802109","sha256:c5acfccdf0e34dfbf3beea86896d09fe669aeb7e5abee6c045c9643e5aec1456"],"state_sha256":"c3eeac959a8531031d1c594d024430d0eeda78d23568ab8d8508aedaa3e3b6fd"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8ilJcnLK39IS2doTLdrnt6gaEB3hfqpTdsaRD6z6Q0Z1YD1bs+C94UAVe1uKwNmq4lHZj6I0AUnwj22Jw4zpBA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T20:15:15.057682Z","bundle_sha256":"35172be27491a94c8096927774fbaa5932a3c92b14c25ef54725649a5103539c"}}