{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2016:4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK","short_pith_number":"pith:4DRYEHOZ","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"e0e3821dd9bc517e8f0bad4354c7c792a40cf0ac565dff0959be124fdb5f0a3f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1609.02888","version":4},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"On the Power of Statistical Zero Knowledge","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CC","authors_text":"Adam Bouland, Dhiraj Holden, Justin Thaler, Lijie Chen, Prashant Nalini Vasudevan","submitted_at":"2016-09-09T18:49:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"We examine the power of statistical zero knowledge proofs (captured by the complexity class SZK) and their variants. First, we give the strongest known relativized evidence that SZK contains hard problems, by exhibiting an oracle relative to which SZK (indeed, even NISZK) is not contained in the class UPP, containing those problems solvable by randomized algorithms with unbounded error. This answers an open question of Watrous from 2002 [Aar]. Second, we \"lift\" this oracle separation to the setting of communication complexity, thereby answering a question of G\\\"o\\\"os et al. (ICALP 2016). Third"},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1609.02888","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CC","submitted_at":"2016-09-09T18:49:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"6b2b53aa6b6bc6061f33e93fbe26df90459982a4f520a71d09ada732e2c09969","abstract_canon_sha256":"176ba6a4f7a79b7de1dc46e1e55fa13f1ebe82d53fc3af15d6198bc4a7c2c30e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:52.310755Z","signature_b64":"fkLNxR2mgztEMSb93bcevP8D/Ek8vZjhvRADrtFii032WTFE9ncdlkWdRbhNRLuCGYQNpaGtiZ4cDlk9RWqDBg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e0e3821dd9bc517e8f0bad4354c7c792a40cf0ac565dff0959be124fdb5f0a3f","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:52.310084Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:52.310084Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On the Power of Statistical Zero Knowledge","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CC","authors_text":"Adam Bouland, Dhiraj Holden, Justin Thaler, Lijie Chen, Prashant Nalini Vasudevan","submitted_at":"2016-09-09T18:49:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"We examine the power of statistical zero knowledge proofs (captured by the complexity class SZK) and their variants. First, we give the strongest known relativized evidence that SZK contains hard problems, by exhibiting an oracle relative to which SZK (indeed, even NISZK) is not contained in the class UPP, containing those problems solvable by randomized algorithms with unbounded error. This answers an open question of Watrous from 2002 [Aar]. Second, we \"lift\" this oracle separation to the setting of communication complexity, thereby answering a question of G\\\"o\\\"os et al. (ICALP 2016). Third"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1609.02888","kind":"arxiv","version":4},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1609.02888","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:52.310180+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1609.02888v4","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:52.310180+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1609.02888","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:52.310180+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4DRYEHOZXRIX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58.707656+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58.707656+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4DRYEHOZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58.707656+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK","json":"https://pith.science/pith/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/4DRYEHOZ"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/4DRYEHOZ","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1609.02888&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/4DRYEHOZXRIX5DYLVVBVJR6HSK/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:52.310180+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T00:44:52.310180+00:00"}