{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV","short_pith_number":"pith:4EX5NV2A","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2005.10974","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2020-05-22T02:51:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e4327b0ef648f7a25cad9c9409f0b3b5ff21abdfd2b7edc348300a1de08495ff","abstract_canon_sha256":"3fce5d7ad940dc9db0e8198f5419d88e382e0f833d2de511d44d8446cf79e20e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e12fd6d740cb5654d12c446647f191457acc304f782c58a185b42ea5b6a50ff0","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2005.10974","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2005.10974","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2005.10974v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2005.10974","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4EX5NV2AZNLF","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJM","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4EX5NV2A","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2005.10974","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2020-05-22T02:51:35Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"e4327b0ef648f7a25cad9c9409f0b3b5ff21abdfd2b7edc348300a1de08495ff","abstract_canon_sha256":"3fce5d7ad940dc9db0e8198f5419d88e382e0f833d2de511d44d8446cf79e20e"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e12fd6d740cb5654d12c446647f191457acc304f782c58a185b42ea5b6a50ff0","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51.092188Z","signature_b64":"l4yrhuE/j39J3G03OSoZ0VhzYAR/gSBSe39IQR+UWLlra4tyuImzzKRor6rAJtcnAeo1NIMYFqzS/ic7SGEsBw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e12fd6d740cb5654d12c446647f191457acc304f782c58a185b42ea5b6a50ff0","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51.091724Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51.091724Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2005.10974","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"FvtmUvE5NWgsWhxfl1pH1C4PORzIL21hnpnmb+8PRB7KKPPmX6Kt2wsx5uM6tTdgnpJaL9gp6F++GBokyWomBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T08:50:54.291058Z"},"content_sha256":"60fb4b06c50c48172d2c749dcdfb5e605a4151d27dcd1a27df81de4b2efda74a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:60fb4b06c50c48172d2c749dcdfb5e605a4151d27dcd1a27df81de4b2efda74a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2020:4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"The Preservation of Super Earths and the Emergence of Gas Giants after Their Progenitor Cores have Entered the Pebble Isolation Phase","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","authors_text":"Douglas N. C. Lin, Hui Li, Ya-Ping Li, Yi-Xian Chen","submitted_at":"2020-05-22T02:51:35Z","abstract_excerpt":"The omnipresence of super-Earths suggests that they are able to be retained in natal disks around low-mass stars, whereas exoplanets' mass distribution indicates that some cores have transformed into gas giants through runaway gas accretion at 1AU from solar-type stars. In this paper, we show that transition to runaway gas accretion by cores may be self-impeded by an increase of the grain opacity in their envelope after they have acquired sufficient mass (typically 10Mearth) to enter a pebble-isolation phase. The accumulation of mm-m size pebbles in their migration barriers enhances their loca"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2005.10974","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2005.10974/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"d+g01g8TCQgEzkFDWz5DrSoaakQulH0RkeLaT8vR+ZZjVGUpEjHYQmrKv1GQhj1ntXX92sBK2B2PkKeleGkgBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T08:50:54.291930Z"},"content_sha256":"4fb6892a79379461c8ca78a46a902930043c7d5a96ae521bb7020b9b0cd9dcd9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4fb6892a79379461c8ca78a46a902930043c7d5a96ae521bb7020b9b0cd9dcd9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T08:50:54Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2020:4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJMIRTEP4MRIV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3fce5d7ad940dc9db0e8198f5419d88e382e0f833d2de511d44d8446cf79e20e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2020-05-22T02:51:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"e4327b0ef648f7a25cad9c9409f0b3b5ff21abdfd2b7edc348300a1de08495ff"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2005.10974","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2005.10974","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2005.10974v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2005.10974","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4EX5NV2AZNLF","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4EX5NV2AZNLFJUJM","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4EX5NV2A","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4fb6892a79379461c8ca78a46a902930043c7d5a96ae521bb7020b9b0cd9dcd9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2005.10974/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The omnipresence of super-Earths suggests that they are able to be retained in natal disks around low-mass stars, whereas exoplanets' mass distribution indicates that some cores have transformed into gas giants through runaway gas accretion at 1AU from solar-type stars. In this paper, we show that transition to runaway gas accretion by cores may be self-impeded by an increase of the grain opacity in their envelope after they have acquired sufficient mass (typically 10Mearth) to enter a pebble-isolation phase. The accumulation of mm-m size pebbles in their migration barriers enhances their loca","authors_text":"Douglas N. C. Lin, Hui Li, Ya-Ping Li, Yi-Xian Chen","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2020-05-22T02:51:35Z","title":"The Preservation of Super Earths and the Emergence of Gas Giants after Their Progenitor Cores have Entered the Pebble Isolation Phase"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2005.10974","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:60fb4b06c50c48172d2c749dcdfb5e605a4151d27dcd1a27df81de4b2efda74a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"3fce5d7ad940dc9db0e8198f5419d88e382e0f833d2de511d44d8446cf79e20e","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.EP","submitted_at":"2020-05-22T02:51:35Z","title_canon_sha256":"e4327b0ef648f7a25cad9c9409f0b3b5ff21abdfd2b7edc348300a1de08495ff"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2005.10974","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e12fd6d740cb5654d12c446647f191457acc304f782c58a185b42ea5b6a50ff0","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e12fd6d740cb5654d12c446647f191457acc304f782c58a185b42ea5b6a50ff0","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51.091724Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51.091724Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"l4yrhuE/j39J3G03OSoZ0VhzYAR/gSBSe39IQR+UWLlra4tyuImzzKRor6rAJtcnAeo1NIMYFqzS/ic7SGEsBw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T01:14:51.092188Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2005.10974","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:60fb4b06c50c48172d2c749dcdfb5e605a4151d27dcd1a27df81de4b2efda74a","sha256:4fb6892a79379461c8ca78a46a902930043c7d5a96ae521bb7020b9b0cd9dcd9"],"state_sha256":"cf0fbec59bd36acf54a5316e77f9313dee08537a026894a43fe6440a8859f81e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"geKJP2DRJjIBgePCrJUwPDPZ/HPP2iOI3Oht12Mev3pWgehj3FrY0Lx6kQw5OGKcpejojBeXbs3UXWr7F3SpBw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T08:50:54.297204Z","bundle_sha256":"03d8c529b1475ad908ae36681dde716bf73ec4267cf4f375575edca456b54f86"}}