{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU","short_pith_number":"pith:4FIYTOCN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.10419","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2023-09-19T08:30:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"65c8e3016ebe7bc4bc5e1afd43fb96927ab4e470a72365ed87c22bd80d353e53","abstract_canon_sha256":"f129a8b98dbe0dfb17900bdf5cc98be027ff829c5419fdbc8ce27bc5d55c4283"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e15189b84d0a209de96da8b8310042752192de362563b0ee72ba2333979050c9","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2309.10419","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.10419","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.10419v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.10419","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4FIYTOCNBIQJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LN","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4FIYTOCN","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2309.10419","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2023-09-19T08:30:58Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"title_canon_sha256":"65c8e3016ebe7bc4bc5e1afd43fb96927ab4e470a72365ed87c22bd80d353e53","abstract_canon_sha256":"f129a8b98dbe0dfb17900bdf5cc98be027ff829c5419fdbc8ce27bc5d55c4283"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e15189b84d0a209de96da8b8310042752192de362563b0ee72ba2333979050c9","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11.728896Z","signature_b64":"Mw3tAl4ZLe5iLSKwPR6sjtCwdruqLxYixvXpVIqKGhB/43IJyQH1i8qXJz0fT7m7YqcYcz79vN7fqaK5cq21Dg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e15189b84d0a209de96da8b8310042752192de362563b0ee72ba2333979050c9","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11.728456Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11.728456Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2309.10419","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"bYQkLusv1XfsFNEbbf5wWT+zdxZfKqRQfQ+4C+8a5Ly2oZabSMmJnj1RSju+I4o+bzGeqQRHeK/xuXvaXGM5BQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T09:09:33.622373Z"},"content_sha256":"8cd8832798b563471a4eca882cd26a6ea7ab6eb28a6e3509a347c98a2f186430","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8cd8832798b563471a4eca882cd26a6ea7ab6eb28a6e3509a347c98a2f186430"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Learning from Teaching Assistants to Program with Subgoals: Exploring the Potential for AI Teaching Assistants","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"primary_cat":"cs.HC","authors_text":"Alice Oh, Changyoon Lee, Jieun Han, Jiho Jin, Junho Myung","submitted_at":"2023-09-19T08:30:58Z","abstract_excerpt":"With recent advances in generative AI, conversational models like ChatGPT have become feasible candidates for TAs. We investigate the practicality of using generative AI as TAs in introductory programming education by examining novice learners' interaction with TAs in a subgoal learning environment. To compare the learners' interaction and perception of the AI and human TAs, we conducted a between-subject study with 20 novice programming learners. Learners solve programming tasks by producing subgoals and subsolutions with the guidance of a TA. Our study shows that learners can solve tasks fas"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.10419","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2309.10419/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3UxlG6V2ZqbXVpIbRk91NaXeaivzAITBCYjjyLpBy6ZeNnPa4T7d91p/U1+WnblpEv1Ol9E62FOLdNOaaKhJAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T09:09:33.623200Z"},"content_sha256":"0386f1e5bf1bd4c8aa2fa7750f6f243b7d97d7559166cf2982926ed6ed640ebc","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:0386f1e5bf1bd4c8aa2fa7750f6f243b7d97d7559166cf2982926ed6ed640ebc"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-04T09:09:33Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LNVC4DCACCOU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f129a8b98dbe0dfb17900bdf5cc98be027ff829c5419fdbc8ce27bc5d55c4283","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2023-09-19T08:30:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"65c8e3016ebe7bc4bc5e1afd43fb96927ab4e470a72365ed87c22bd80d353e53"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.10419","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2309.10419","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2309.10419v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2309.10419","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4FIYTOCNBIQJ","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4FIYTOCNBIQJ32LN","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4FIYTOCN","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:0386f1e5bf1bd4c8aa2fa7750f6f243b7d97d7559166cf2982926ed6ed640ebc","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2309.10419/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"With recent advances in generative AI, conversational models like ChatGPT have become feasible candidates for TAs. We investigate the practicality of using generative AI as TAs in introductory programming education by examining novice learners' interaction with TAs in a subgoal learning environment. To compare the learners' interaction and perception of the AI and human TAs, we conducted a between-subject study with 20 novice programming learners. Learners solve programming tasks by producing subgoals and subsolutions with the guidance of a TA. Our study shows that learners can solve tasks fas","authors_text":"Alice Oh, Changyoon Lee, Jieun Han, Jiho Jin, Junho Myung","cross_cats":["cs.AI"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2023-09-19T08:30:58Z","title":"Learning from Teaching Assistants to Program with Subgoals: Exploring the Potential for AI Teaching Assistants"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2309.10419","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:8cd8832798b563471a4eca882cd26a6ea7ab6eb28a6e3509a347c98a2f186430","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f129a8b98dbe0dfb17900bdf5cc98be027ff829c5419fdbc8ce27bc5d55c4283","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.HC","submitted_at":"2023-09-19T08:30:58Z","title_canon_sha256":"65c8e3016ebe7bc4bc5e1afd43fb96927ab4e470a72365ed87c22bd80d353e53"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2309.10419","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e15189b84d0a209de96da8b8310042752192de362563b0ee72ba2333979050c9","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e15189b84d0a209de96da8b8310042752192de362563b0ee72ba2333979050c9","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11.728456Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11.728456Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Mw3tAl4ZLe5iLSKwPR6sjtCwdruqLxYixvXpVIqKGhB/43IJyQH1i8qXJz0fT7m7YqcYcz79vN7fqaK5cq21Dg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T06:52:11.728896Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2309.10419","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:8cd8832798b563471a4eca882cd26a6ea7ab6eb28a6e3509a347c98a2f186430","sha256:0386f1e5bf1bd4c8aa2fa7750f6f243b7d97d7559166cf2982926ed6ed640ebc"],"state_sha256":"f630cb0a6121704ac8d735dd0510c58a002bfe7a130d22d7ab96bedab98e93b9"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jTAFJCmx/AzmHBlzDQrDfSHzGy5JESbjK37BErMBw70zReIcTdmfeoBJ6ofyVdk7QTeZA6ayD9swT5nl7rw2Bg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-04T09:09:33.627327Z","bundle_sha256":"2603864bef768c36c0b8e18f3be30eb1de75047ff8ed747c0d265b22b4e86236"}}