{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z","short_pith_number":"pith:4KY6ASZ7","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.6182","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-23T19:12:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"def3ea97e1d7a37eed3c1a0e6ba576e816738e893f3580354458e79f32fdc6da","abstract_canon_sha256":"e59c1b2ad5bf8d1c066c6d6bef691235be10586cab12c86f5d2463bfad54e5b1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e2b1e04b3fe721d963a515dc541f32fe4e252d0ccdbd7c728460d9c3244e793f","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1405.6182","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.6182","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.6182v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.6182","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4KY6ASZ744Q5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4KY6ASZ7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1405.6182","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-23T19:12:03Z","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-th"],"title_canon_sha256":"def3ea97e1d7a37eed3c1a0e6ba576e816738e893f3580354458e79f32fdc6da","abstract_canon_sha256":"e59c1b2ad5bf8d1c066c6d6bef691235be10586cab12c86f5d2463bfad54e5b1"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e2b1e04b3fe721d963a515dc541f32fe4e252d0ccdbd7c728460d9c3244e793f","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15.778485Z","signature_b64":"YloDrTCRZzxnkjys6iOyjOw+rVVguAVr8o7LRJ7tKkqoHaCJGu/rVKbNbUg+Bqqvq0yPni1j8DsDZ0rKk2i3CA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e2b1e04b3fe721d963a515dc541f32fe4e252d0ccdbd7c728460d9c3244e793f","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15.778049Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15.778049Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1405.6182","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8v1kk0EAEDuiUedGV8ufhPFK6mSA8l0zEupiLjbZamPf+j4nkBO0B7xC/6FcMbV6S5QJkRs/FvExzt8r8seoAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:52:39.846769Z"},"content_sha256":"206f472fea13211e972aa9722aa36e5138b113ab52ba841458a3d67c632784cd","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:206f472fea13211e972aa9722aa36e5138b113ab52ba841458a3d67c632784cd"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Finite pulse effects on $e^{+}e^{-}$ pair creation from strong electric fields","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["nucl-th"],"primary_cat":"hep-ph","authors_text":"Hidetoshi Taya, Hirotsugu Fujii, Kazunori Itakura","submitted_at":"2014-05-23T19:12:03Z","abstract_excerpt":"We investigate electron-positron pair creation from the vacuum in a pulsed electric background field. Employing the Sauter-type pulsed field $E(t)=E_0 {\\rm sech}^2 (t/\\tau)$ with height $E_0$ and width $\\tau$, we demonstrate explicitly the interplay between the nonperturbative and perturbative aspects of pair creation in the background field. We analytically compute the number of produced pairs from the vacuum in the Sauter-type field, and the result reproduces Schwinger's nonperturbative formula in the long pulse limit (the constant field limit), while in the short pulse limit it coincides wi"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.6182","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KnD/ClsbxMgXqxQDwUEcpT/rKO7JVi42oZjzOG+bqd67tv9KAAlgL22jkszlDGhHHQs2IO8HDq++gOhzc0clAQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:52:39.847402Z"},"content_sha256":"3cc68bed662cd9265bac4457c8683a8525b0db112d420571c25963871de46aa2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:3cc68bed662cd9265bac4457c8683a8525b0db112d420571c25963871de46aa2"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-27T03:52:39Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5FCXOFIHZS7Z","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e59c1b2ad5bf8d1c066c6d6bef691235be10586cab12c86f5d2463bfad54e5b1","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-23T19:12:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"def3ea97e1d7a37eed3c1a0e6ba576e816738e893f3580354458e79f32fdc6da"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.6182","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1405.6182","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1405.6182v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1405.6182","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4KY6ASZ744Q5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4KY6ASZ744Q5SY5F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4KY6ASZ7","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:3cc68bed662cd9265bac4457c8683a8525b0db112d420571c25963871de46aa2","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"We investigate electron-positron pair creation from the vacuum in a pulsed electric background field. Employing the Sauter-type pulsed field $E(t)=E_0 {\\rm sech}^2 (t/\\tau)$ with height $E_0$ and width $\\tau$, we demonstrate explicitly the interplay between the nonperturbative and perturbative aspects of pair creation in the background field. We analytically compute the number of produced pairs from the vacuum in the Sauter-type field, and the result reproduces Schwinger's nonperturbative formula in the long pulse limit (the constant field limit), while in the short pulse limit it coincides wi","authors_text":"Hidetoshi Taya, Hirotsugu Fujii, Kazunori Itakura","cross_cats":["nucl-th"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-23T19:12:03Z","title":"Finite pulse effects on $e^{+}e^{-}$ pair creation from strong electric fields"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1405.6182","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:206f472fea13211e972aa9722aa36e5138b113ab52ba841458a3d67c632784cd","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"e59c1b2ad5bf8d1c066c6d6bef691235be10586cab12c86f5d2463bfad54e5b1","cross_cats_sorted":["nucl-th"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"hep-ph","submitted_at":"2014-05-23T19:12:03Z","title_canon_sha256":"def3ea97e1d7a37eed3c1a0e6ba576e816738e893f3580354458e79f32fdc6da"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1405.6182","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"e2b1e04b3fe721d963a515dc541f32fe4e252d0ccdbd7c728460d9c3244e793f","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e2b1e04b3fe721d963a515dc541f32fe4e252d0ccdbd7c728460d9c3244e793f","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15.778049Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15.778049Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"YloDrTCRZzxnkjys6iOyjOw+rVVguAVr8o7LRJ7tKkqoHaCJGu/rVKbNbUg+Bqqvq0yPni1j8DsDZ0rKk2i3CA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:46:15.778485Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1405.6182","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:206f472fea13211e972aa9722aa36e5138b113ab52ba841458a3d67c632784cd","sha256:3cc68bed662cd9265bac4457c8683a8525b0db112d420571c25963871de46aa2"],"state_sha256":"44a81044d3bc26303c11ec23393bf2e69770fce614a103d4d1520e953d14a501"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AOqlEQdC/NUcnhc38fH5cgkjbv/NZ2Ed8/oepE60YrWs/XcjnXrSMnR6TDzLHaUcuou7wSpGvOS0CYTHrepzBQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-27T03:52:39.850284Z","bundle_sha256":"7e6f0aaac467ad01b8741fbe77dde68232fcfbc0a80bf2f1c68ff84e606d4128"}}