{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2","short_pith_number":"pith:4LDUSP4Z","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2402.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-02-02T14:30:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","q-bio.BM","q-bio.QM"],"title_canon_sha256":"dbe33fd96f2d72f4d20941c718c61a5b7660cce0987d1d70c2d8394fb9762a38","abstract_canon_sha256":"9aa79d6d4c5f2b305c536e929a6c950220b70e9f1132f0caf02d23507beeb9ab"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e2c7493f99ab001a38542cd649f59446aba3c50a1763263b5ed3fa676c5688ba","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2402.01439","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.01439","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.01439v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.01439","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4LDUSP4ZVMAB","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCU","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4LDUSP4Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2402.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-02-02T14:30:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","q-bio.BM","q-bio.QM"],"title_canon_sha256":"dbe33fd96f2d72f4d20941c718c61a5b7660cce0987d1d70c2d8394fb9762a38","abstract_canon_sha256":"9aa79d6d4c5f2b305c536e929a6c950220b70e9f1132f0caf02d23507beeb9ab"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e2c7493f99ab001a38542cd649f59446aba3c50a1763263b5ed3fa676c5688ba","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44.259963Z","signature_b64":"mUPWHe4ALildU+nuncHvHZfj9XCAJMJoMK2/g3EiO28W4xwSRROV9V1/nsvrzdv0043ZmL3Gu181lpFbXF/xCA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e2c7493f99ab001a38542cd649f59446aba3c50a1763263b5ed3fa676c5688ba","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44.259432Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44.259432Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2402.01439","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qHazHhWbwJXq2S5LPxrmswEuwqEX6I4gAtWY5WfK0kt2/4yWO1FBjPEBsvcUGk48/d8QR2dFqCPv+z1ZnjJCDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T11:53:28.106616Z"},"content_sha256":"01bc0e24c3b960a1b6b795bb579e4921cd638ae4f376a59ff11a365f7f7c51ed","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:01bc0e24c3b960a1b6b795bb579e4921cd638ae4f376a59ff11a365f7f7c51ed"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"From Words to Molecules: A Survey of Large Language Models in Chemistry","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.AI","q-bio.BM","q-bio.QM"],"primary_cat":"cs.LG","authors_text":"Chang Liao, Yemin Yu, Ying Wei, Yu Mei","submitted_at":"2024-02-02T14:30:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant success in natural language processing (NLP) and various interdisciplinary areas. However, applying LLMs to chemistry is a complex task that requires specialized domain knowledge. This paper provides a thorough exploration of the nuanced methodologies employed in integrating LLMs into the field of chemistry, delving into the complexities and innovations at this interdisciplinary juncture. Specifically, our analysis begins with examining how molecular information is fed into LLMs through various representation and tokenizat"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2402.01439/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"MQfT5h6GMfi+6z1NC+F+glHE/jzRozOSaBJbNO5XduPph7Ah8sNJnwx6fWCMG9FBHEWIQMBGV5k8XqUIcnUXDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T11:53:28.107148Z"},"content_sha256":"b61196880af32548995884912553911ccea18bf6e656d653936405f5481cb480","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b61196880af32548995884912553911ccea18bf6e656d653936405f5481cb480"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T11:53:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCUFTLET5MUI2","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9aa79d6d4c5f2b305c536e929a6c950220b70e9f1132f0caf02d23507beeb9ab","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","q-bio.BM","q-bio.QM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-02-02T14:30:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"dbe33fd96f2d72f4d20941c718c61a5b7660cce0987d1d70c2d8394fb9762a38"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2402.01439","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2402.01439v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2402.01439","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4LDUSP4ZVMAB","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4LDUSP4ZVMABUOCU","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4LDUSP4Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b61196880af32548995884912553911ccea18bf6e656d653936405f5481cb480","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2402.01439/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significant success in natural language processing (NLP) and various interdisciplinary areas. However, applying LLMs to chemistry is a complex task that requires specialized domain knowledge. This paper provides a thorough exploration of the nuanced methodologies employed in integrating LLMs into the field of chemistry, delving into the complexities and innovations at this interdisciplinary juncture. Specifically, our analysis begins with examining how molecular information is fed into LLMs through various representation and tokenizat","authors_text":"Chang Liao, Yemin Yu, Ying Wei, Yu Mei","cross_cats":["cs.AI","q-bio.BM","q-bio.QM"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-02-02T14:30:48Z","title":"From Words to Molecules: A Survey of Large Language Models in Chemistry"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2402.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:01bc0e24c3b960a1b6b795bb579e4921cd638ae4f376a59ff11a365f7f7c51ed","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"9aa79d6d4c5f2b305c536e929a6c950220b70e9f1132f0caf02d23507beeb9ab","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","q-bio.BM","q-bio.QM"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2024-02-02T14:30:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"dbe33fd96f2d72f4d20941c718c61a5b7660cce0987d1d70c2d8394fb9762a38"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2402.01439","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e2c7493f99ab001a38542cd649f59446aba3c50a1763263b5ed3fa676c5688ba","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e2c7493f99ab001a38542cd649f59446aba3c50a1763263b5ed3fa676c5688ba","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44.259432Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44.259432Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"mUPWHe4ALildU+nuncHvHZfj9XCAJMJoMK2/g3EiO28W4xwSRROV9V1/nsvrzdv0043ZmL3Gu181lpFbXF/xCA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T07:40:44.259963Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2402.01439","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:01bc0e24c3b960a1b6b795bb579e4921cd638ae4f376a59ff11a365f7f7c51ed","sha256:b61196880af32548995884912553911ccea18bf6e656d653936405f5481cb480"],"state_sha256":"d1dff3123a8debdea0d173de2fa527d5af4dc4e3a6c8a38182ab0ea89c968cc6"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Nh/1JQVUveJzqzUAL+WJvAigWslXdGbM+6QZYH9+rT/l7gKSTmlkaNar5Mig+wYxoXjfjgG9wvQJKQzzDPuwAg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T11:53:28.111104Z","bundle_sha256":"12650c90362843202af3476a0781697be3c939cfaace4af09c41b125792dc387"}}