{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2019:4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X","short_pith_number":"pith:4OJNKVSL","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"e392d5564bc8da16de3a2ab11e4f9bd5e390fe02fbc0a843650be1ccb7e2f026","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1908.07852","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Perfect proton selectivity in ion transport through two-dimensional crystals","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","authors_text":"A. K. Geim, B. L. Liu, D. Barry, G.-P. Hao, H. M. Cheng, K. Gopinadhan, L. Mogg, M. Lozada-Hidalgo, S. Zhang","submitted_at":"2019-08-21T13:09:13Z","abstract_excerpt":"Defect-free monolayers of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride were previously shown to be surprisingly permeable to thermal protons, despite being completely impenetrable to all gases. It remains untested whether small ions can permeate through the two-dimensional crystals. Here we show that mechanically exfoliated graphene and hexagonal boron nitride exhibit perfect Nernst selectivity such that only protons can permeate through, with no detectable flow of counterions. In the experiments, we used suspended monolayers that had few if any atomic-scale defects, as shown by gas permeation tests, "},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1908.07852","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","submitted_at":"2019-08-21T13:09:13Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"title_canon_sha256":"08e488906f10aaad337e55bdde5cc5c66290132f58748c30b46303d2f1a3f050","abstract_canon_sha256":"68552999639e1eeb5fc38abeea86ec06dea81173578b3b2b6a5130de0d00a9b9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.103151Z","signature_b64":"RbD22bbr52tU6AsixmqlFLbvg8xUaDUDeXwqfXRhGx0Ppa4dxmzXrS0pPCZ7jg+zLtDLN5mZy1H2t0/M2rTyDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e392d5564bc8da16de3a2ab11e4f9bd5e390fe02fbc0a843650be1ccb7e2f026","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.102799Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.102799Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Perfect proton selectivity in ion transport through two-dimensional crystals","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cond-mat.mes-hall"],"primary_cat":"physics.app-ph","authors_text":"A. K. Geim, B. L. Liu, D. Barry, G.-P. Hao, H. M. Cheng, K. Gopinadhan, L. Mogg, M. Lozada-Hidalgo, S. Zhang","submitted_at":"2019-08-21T13:09:13Z","abstract_excerpt":"Defect-free monolayers of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride were previously shown to be surprisingly permeable to thermal protons, despite being completely impenetrable to all gases. It remains untested whether small ions can permeate through the two-dimensional crystals. Here we show that mechanically exfoliated graphene and hexagonal boron nitride exhibit perfect Nernst selectivity such that only protons can permeate through, with no detectable flow of counterions. In the experiments, we used suspended monolayers that had few if any atomic-scale defects, as shown by gas permeation tests, "},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1908.07852","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1908.07852/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1908.07852","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.102854+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1908.07852v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.102854+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1908.07852","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.102854+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4OJNKVSLZDNB","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.102854+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.102854+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4OJNKVSL","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.102854+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X","json":"https://pith.science/pith/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/4OJNKVSL"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/4OJNKVSL","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1908.07852&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/4OJNKVSLZDNBNXR2FKYR4T432X/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.102854+00:00","updated_at":"2026-07-05T00:05:25.102854+00:00"}