{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY","short_pith_number":"pith:4PTPJBCL","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.05554","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2015-06-18T06:16:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a7ea72f323d9bbc95d3d391566f5b7450b80f810b4ebf2ec9573d250b42dbcb6","abstract_canon_sha256":"a09e9eb555cbbd4f8f57ee45e1cc83f15e1c097ce1e5413e3d5dbb65a32d9638"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e3e6f4844b52678622bb56cd37717bce027b2b83c964c03fff9b1d29f9fcb038","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1506.05554","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.05554","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.05554v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.05554","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4PTPJBCLKJTY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4PTPJBCL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1506.05554","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2015-06-18T06:16:23Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a7ea72f323d9bbc95d3d391566f5b7450b80f810b4ebf2ec9573d250b42dbcb6","abstract_canon_sha256":"a09e9eb555cbbd4f8f57ee45e1cc83f15e1c097ce1e5413e3d5dbb65a32d9638"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e3e6f4844b52678622bb56cd37717bce027b2b83c964c03fff9b1d29f9fcb038","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10.422387Z","signature_b64":"uBlCutUZCU61u91XPV1qvVuMhhCetV8jq1taLqmBiC63vYN7TW2spGHAOK5FTO3xYdQj8vNvqhhbvGk7nDhwDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e3e6f4844b52678622bb56cd37717bce027b2b83c964c03fff9b1d29f9fcb038","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10.421657Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10.421657Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1506.05554","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"xxhw9+cDkEhrYJ5A0oVPdQBpf54rUyy5vjoyjyq6qdFSl7IV8I5mMa/rjaBdMvRIjaqRkZp12niUd0KysDoaBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T10:48:32.409544Z"},"content_sha256":"df53a91366e9937dba6e864e79908ca47dec4d42305e0789f53fd3759fd078e3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:df53a91366e9937dba6e864e79908ca47dec4d42305e0789f53fd3759fd078e3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Does Building a Relative Sunspot Number Make Sense? A Qualified 'Yes'","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","authors_text":"Leif Svalgaard","submitted_at":"2015-06-18T06:16:23Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent research has demonstrated that the number of sunspots per group ('active region') has been decreasing over the last two or three solar cycles and that the classical Relative Sunspot Number (SSN) no longer is a good representation of solar magnetic activity such as revealed by e.g. the F10.7 cm microwave flux. The SSN is derived under the assumption that the number of spots per group is constant (in fact, nominally equal to 10). When this is no longer the case (the ratio is approaching 5, only half of its nominal value) the question arises how to construct a sunspot number series that ta"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.05554","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"H98ux3jEMQnomP4ZgwssVsg7w5Dhk5dBiRGCF5rIg5z6q+bdUI+H20DyiZJq3EO8zt5jbUuSu0Ob1DQRK35RAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T10:48:32.409893Z"},"content_sha256":"22c1e6ea23f4e127925e0e44d0807d07c59d9ae26ad2ea69159da69e980374bf","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:22c1e6ea23f4e127925e0e44d0807d07c59d9ae26ad2ea69159da69e980374bf"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-25T10:48:32Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3K3GTO4L3ZY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a09e9eb555cbbd4f8f57ee45e1cc83f15e1c097ce1e5413e3d5dbb65a32d9638","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2015-06-18T06:16:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"a7ea72f323d9bbc95d3d391566f5b7450b80f810b4ebf2ec9573d250b42dbcb6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.05554","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1506.05554","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1506.05554v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1506.05554","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4PTPJBCLKJTY","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4PTPJBCLKJTYMIV3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4PTPJBCL","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:22c1e6ea23f4e127925e0e44d0807d07c59d9ae26ad2ea69159da69e980374bf","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent research has demonstrated that the number of sunspots per group ('active region') has been decreasing over the last two or three solar cycles and that the classical Relative Sunspot Number (SSN) no longer is a good representation of solar magnetic activity such as revealed by e.g. the F10.7 cm microwave flux. The SSN is derived under the assumption that the number of spots per group is constant (in fact, nominally equal to 10). When this is no longer the case (the ratio is approaching 5, only half of its nominal value) the question arises how to construct a sunspot number series that ta","authors_text":"Leif Svalgaard","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2015-06-18T06:16:23Z","title":"Does Building a Relative Sunspot Number Make Sense? A Qualified 'Yes'"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1506.05554","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:df53a91366e9937dba6e864e79908ca47dec4d42305e0789f53fd3759fd078e3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a09e9eb555cbbd4f8f57ee45e1cc83f15e1c097ce1e5413e3d5dbb65a32d9638","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.SR","submitted_at":"2015-06-18T06:16:23Z","title_canon_sha256":"a7ea72f323d9bbc95d3d391566f5b7450b80f810b4ebf2ec9573d250b42dbcb6"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1506.05554","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e3e6f4844b52678622bb56cd37717bce027b2b83c964c03fff9b1d29f9fcb038","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e3e6f4844b52678622bb56cd37717bce027b2b83c964c03fff9b1d29f9fcb038","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10.421657Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10.421657Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"uBlCutUZCU61u91XPV1qvVuMhhCetV8jq1taLqmBiC63vYN7TW2spGHAOK5FTO3xYdQj8vNvqhhbvGk7nDhwDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:44:10.422387Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1506.05554","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:df53a91366e9937dba6e864e79908ca47dec4d42305e0789f53fd3759fd078e3","sha256:22c1e6ea23f4e127925e0e44d0807d07c59d9ae26ad2ea69159da69e980374bf"],"state_sha256":"8ac9a753b9ce043df8516ddae0b8c09c96e09933db910464ee8f71961b7ae488"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"W2d1uvaVgPYZG3XXf2OqM5i2DTitEXasd7HMz+P8SXsA7lPEnaZ7jjNwho+DnB0rC/Zl6jPfseY2YOAcRGtFAw==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T10:48:32.411844Z","bundle_sha256":"025df052009bf29af9b7c1bfe74418dcaec21a3a204f8286d9491b54e1a9b489"}}