{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY","short_pith_number":"pith:4QNIMIJN","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.09007","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-12T05:55:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"986898faca8d6eca8e1d136ec92f954b1e1442c2f4e3514849192bcc1df89c3d","abstract_canon_sha256":"fc00e040cd513e531bf24eda781bd81f539f69c0d16424c5f172916ea23e85b6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e41a86212d4455c270e4585b61df90ce12cf4bd8871df2316d657f09d2dd3dcd","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2407.09007","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.09007","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.09007v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.09007","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4QNIMIJNIRK4","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HE","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4QNIMIJN","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2407.09007","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-12T05:55:22Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"986898faca8d6eca8e1d136ec92f954b1e1442c2f4e3514849192bcc1df89c3d","abstract_canon_sha256":"fc00e040cd513e531bf24eda781bd81f539f69c0d16424c5f172916ea23e85b6"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e41a86212d4455c270e4585b61df90ce12cf4bd8871df2316d657f09d2dd3dcd","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21.994552Z","signature_b64":"SPiIlkUuXQXLOLxjj7MIWpuFLOGB4gaFVB6JawWyPEH3tOHsuMQnj2cA3kvUJPVDJfz/CYrcMYn6zqPUJy9BDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e41a86212d4455c270e4585b61df90ce12cf4bd8871df2316d657f09d2dd3dcd","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21.994046Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21.994046Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2407.09007","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"b5uCoXX6JFFLfeZn3z9+UaPwjerHk9XUou+5jZHxah7r3gnZFrHNySYRh9OYZlAhpiJUnPY29oDU6SsNezG5Cg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T18:55:58.756966Z"},"content_sha256":"61a4424f92fd3b59672694cbfe69d27c6843c65adc2acded942cf937eaf9b0e6","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:61a4424f92fd3b59672694cbfe69d27c6843c65adc2acded942cf937eaf9b0e6"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2024:4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Benchmarking Language Model Creativity: A Case Study on Code Generation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Daniel Khashabi, Dixuan Wang, Dongwei Jiang, Meng Jiang, Sanjeev Khudanpur, Tianjian Li, Yining Lu","submitted_at":"2024-07-12T05:55:22Z","abstract_excerpt":"As LLMs become increasingly prevalent, it is interesting to consider how ``creative'' these models can be. From cognitive science, creativity consists of at least two key characteristics: \\emph{convergent} thinking (purposefulness to achieve a given goal) and \\emph{divergent} thinking (adaptability to explore new environments or constraints) \\citep{runco2003critical}. In this work, we introduce a framework for quantifying LLM creativity that incorporates the two design ingredients: (1) We introduce DENIAL PROMPTING which pushes LLMs to develop more creative solutions to a given problem by incr"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.09007","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2407.09007/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"00cUC66rAjuoqP/gPPxyA8YwWmcEJCNfj5wyqnTSsSHiKU5yocBlI1KMP4giVYWrUQZhFoje7QtHmOT0W30nCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T18:55:58.757461Z"},"content_sha256":"db8c55f29d55df60567a6aa3c3d0857190de0b5746ac5f913b4d0b40e4c79f73","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:db8c55f29d55df60567a6aa3c3d0857190de0b5746ac5f913b4d0b40e4c79f73"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-16T18:55:58Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2024:4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HELBNWDX4QZY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fc00e040cd513e531bf24eda781bd81f539f69c0d16424c5f172916ea23e85b6","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-12T05:55:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"986898faca8d6eca8e1d136ec92f954b1e1442c2f4e3514849192bcc1df89c3d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.09007","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2407.09007","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2407.09007v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2407.09007","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4QNIMIJNIRK4","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4QNIMIJNIRK4E4HE","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4QNIMIJN","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:db8c55f29d55df60567a6aa3c3d0857190de0b5746ac5f913b4d0b40e4c79f73","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2407.09007/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"As LLMs become increasingly prevalent, it is interesting to consider how ``creative'' these models can be. From cognitive science, creativity consists of at least two key characteristics: \\emph{convergent} thinking (purposefulness to achieve a given goal) and \\emph{divergent} thinking (adaptability to explore new environments or constraints) \\citep{runco2003critical}. In this work, we introduce a framework for quantifying LLM creativity that incorporates the two design ingredients: (1) We introduce DENIAL PROMPTING which pushes LLMs to develop more creative solutions to a given problem by incr","authors_text":"Daniel Khashabi, Dixuan Wang, Dongwei Jiang, Meng Jiang, Sanjeev Khudanpur, Tianjian Li, Yining Lu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-12T05:55:22Z","title":"Benchmarking Language Model Creativity: A Case Study on Code Generation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2407.09007","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:61a4424f92fd3b59672694cbfe69d27c6843c65adc2acded942cf937eaf9b0e6","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fc00e040cd513e531bf24eda781bd81f539f69c0d16424c5f172916ea23e85b6","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2024-07-12T05:55:22Z","title_canon_sha256":"986898faca8d6eca8e1d136ec92f954b1e1442c2f4e3514849192bcc1df89c3d"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2407.09007","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"e41a86212d4455c270e4585b61df90ce12cf4bd8871df2316d657f09d2dd3dcd","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e41a86212d4455c270e4585b61df90ce12cf4bd8871df2316d657f09d2dd3dcd","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21.994046Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21.994046Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"SPiIlkUuXQXLOLxjj7MIWpuFLOGB4gaFVB6JawWyPEH3tOHsuMQnj2cA3kvUJPVDJfz/CYrcMYn6zqPUJy9BDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T10:11:21.994552Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2407.09007","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:61a4424f92fd3b59672694cbfe69d27c6843c65adc2acded942cf937eaf9b0e6","sha256:db8c55f29d55df60567a6aa3c3d0857190de0b5746ac5f913b4d0b40e4c79f73"],"state_sha256":"d83e31544a631dddea91d4252e961e6b30ef0e19dcc11a873ef0b46a9d562bb0"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"AU11fhyrS8A6yJK/nTVQlpTp/XnnKXkUKhnC9n2uklgKgLnZCSJ0YsUrnRiv+9/7uWrPVNg/FBYYDPmHsOKjDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-16T18:55:58.762155Z","bundle_sha256":"db2751a453b681a4fe9ec6a0c6f5d8d35a15c5a6b811b6bb9d61f6d23c9f8a71"}}