{"record_type":"pith_number_record","schema_url":"https://pith.science/schemas/pith-number/v1.json","pith_number":"pith:2011:4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7","short_pith_number":"pith:4RF6QCDG","schema_version":"1.0","canonical_sha256":"e44be808662aafdfef491ca5b3b9e547fa06ce655ec61ed23c75fc073466927a","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1102.0999","version":2},"attestation_state":"computed","paper":{"title":"Trapped and marginally trapped surfaces in Weyl-distorted Schwarzschild solutions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Alexandre Melanson, Ivan Booth, Joseph Fitzgerald, Terry Pilkington","submitted_at":"2011-02-04T19:33:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"To better understand the allowed range of black hole geometries, we study Weyl-distorted Schwarzschild solutions. They always contain trapped surfaces, a singularity and an isolated horizon and so should be understood to be (geometric) black holes. However we show that for large distortions the isolated horizon is neither a future outer trapping horizon (FOTH) nor even a marginally trapped surface: slices of the horizon cannot be infinitesimally deformed into (outer) trapped surfaces. We consider the implications of this result for popular quasilocal definitions of black holes."},"verification_status":{"content_addressed":true,"pith_receipt":true,"author_attested":false,"weak_author_claims":0,"strong_author_claims":0,"externally_anchored":false,"storage_verified":false,"citation_signatures":0,"replication_records":0,"graph_snapshot":true,"references_resolved":false,"formal_links_present":false},"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1102.0999","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"gr-qc","submitted_at":"2011-02-04T19:33:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"97a8e4ad8c99218bd50d42cb2659fb39898d7db1b5d1fc36c1434b708c329995","abstract_canon_sha256":"28dd4801f05c7c444a1ada0e36f04a9d0a81a2265936774b0853ecb83fc2c743"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:22:40.480438Z","signature_b64":"/Kr62pxhiqGiYFL8Kn0KvgSEIq89ebOtp0a7K92gxkt6TBuTaos+0qkyKUDHZymBPXftq0NxKLg+StiB5//sAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e44be808662aafdfef491ca5b3b9e547fa06ce655ec61ed23c75fc073466927a","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:22:40.479860Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:22:40.479860Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Trapped and marginally trapped surfaces in Weyl-distorted Schwarzschild solutions","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"gr-qc","authors_text":"Alexandre Melanson, Ivan Booth, Joseph Fitzgerald, Terry Pilkington","submitted_at":"2011-02-04T19:33:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"To better understand the allowed range of black hole geometries, we study Weyl-distorted Schwarzschild solutions. They always contain trapped surfaces, a singularity and an isolated horizon and so should be understood to be (geometric) black holes. However we show that for large distortions the isolated horizon is neither a future outer trapping horizon (FOTH) nor even a marginally trapped surface: slices of the horizon cannot be infinitesimally deformed into (outer) trapped surfaces. We consider the implications of this result for popular quasilocal definitions of black holes."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1102.0999","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1102.0999","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:22:40.479969+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1102.0999v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:22:40.479969+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1102.0999","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:22:40.479969+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4RF6QCDGFKX5","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:20.644004+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4RF6QCDGFKX5732J","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:20.644004+00:00"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4RF6QCDG","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:20.644004+00:00"}],"events":[],"event_summary":{},"paper_claims":[],"inbound_citations":{"count":0,"internal_anchor_count":0,"sample":[]},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"sample":[],"anchors":[]},"links":{"html":"https://pith.science/pith/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7","json":"https://pith.science/pith/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7.json","graph_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7/graph.json","events_json":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7/events.json","paper":"https://pith.science/paper/4RF6QCDG"},"agent_actions":{"view_html":"https://pith.science/pith/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7","download_json":"https://pith.science/pith/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7.json","view_paper":"https://pith.science/paper/4RF6QCDG","resolve_alias":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/resolve?arxiv=1102.0999&json=true","fetch_graph":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7/graph.json","fetch_events":"https://pith.science/api/pith-number/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7/events.json","actions":{"anchor_timestamp":"https://pith.science/pith/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7/action/timestamp_anchor","attest_storage":"https://pith.science/pith/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7/action/storage_attestation","attest_author":"https://pith.science/pith/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7/action/author_attestation","sign_citation":"https://pith.science/pith/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7/action/citation_signature","submit_replication":"https://pith.science/pith/4RF6QCDGFKX5732JDSS3HOPFI7/action/replication_record"}},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:22:40.479969+00:00","updated_at":"2026-05-18T02:22:40.479969+00:00"}