{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT","short_pith_number":"pith:4T3YZUXS","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1909.09110","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.AO","submitted_at":"2019-09-19T17:33:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"338d1236a87d23099f013438cb4f0faa7635636630338c45fb940466693ec8e4","abstract_canon_sha256":"0612fd30f56d3de4185827fab6ff11988e4e4733e3a5459b98abf4de342be5a7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e4f78cd2f23dd714fbea7757ea6dd73cfb786f56cb0ea3af247bd6b150273fbc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1909.09110","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1909.09110","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1909.09110v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1909.09110","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4T3YZUXSHXLR","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67K","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4T3YZUXS","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1909.09110","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.AO","submitted_at":"2019-09-19T17:33:25Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"338d1236a87d23099f013438cb4f0faa7635636630338c45fb940466693ec8e4","abstract_canon_sha256":"0612fd30f56d3de4185827fab6ff11988e4e4733e3a5459b98abf4de342be5a7"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e4f78cd2f23dd714fbea7757ea6dd73cfb786f56cb0ea3af247bd6b150273fbc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05.494605Z","signature_b64":"zzBHwbwxsCLXfmvIB1ozElmqgso0YTUVYe/3rztlJhhYwVE7une1tgyZCW76cUWHB36QnFkQfUAG/khy035hAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e4f78cd2f23dd714fbea7757ea6dd73cfb786f56cb0ea3af247bd6b150273fbc","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05.494111Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05.494111Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1909.09110","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"HrSJPoSTSeX63acLkvQs1sYGFOeH8GVqtyf41S5adPH2WLiWxPBiRM7vmAPofFMkxSQjiwxlRHzd9Lh6/dCJAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:33:28.718973Z"},"content_sha256":"bf52eff03c6fe001f081f0aeeeebb97e3f419fd9d8ec6c3827a1c11d043c533b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:bf52eff03c6fe001f081f0aeeeebb97e3f419fd9d8ec6c3827a1c11d043c533b"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2019:4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Stochastic properties of the frequency dynamics in real and synthetic power grids","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"nlin.AO","authors_text":"Benjamin Sch\\\"afer, Dirk Witthaut, Holger Kantz, Leonardo Rydin Gorj\\~ao, Marc Timme, Mehrnaz Anvari","submitted_at":"2019-09-19T17:33:25Z","abstract_excerpt":"The frequency constitutes a key state variable of electrical power grids. However, as the frequency is subject to several sources of fluctuations, ranging from renewable volatility to demand fluctuations and dispatch, it is strongly dynamic. Yet, the statistical and stochastic properties of the frequency fluctuation dynamics are far from fully understood. Here, we analyse properties of power grid frequency trajectories recorded from different synchronous regions. We highlight the non-Gaussian and still approximately Markovian nature of the frequency statistics. Further, we find that the freque"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1909.09110","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/1909.09110/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"px46zlR8s5gRRe6f3q8ftzhhyeDO6qmuvPDc0jKgBR3IWiZnZVnUnvF5QVUUp3K/qKsx2MGOTtg8/2pjCKd0Dw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:33:28.719376Z"},"content_sha256":"8292074ce92b8c99dad8baea65dafcc20ad978ff53b2a904383ff0e0cae0a8b8","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:8292074ce92b8c99dad8baea65dafcc20ad978ff53b2a904383ff0e0cae0a8b8"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-07T11:33:28Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2019:4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67KO5L6U3OXHT","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0612fd30f56d3de4185827fab6ff11988e4e4733e3a5459b98abf4de342be5a7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.AO","submitted_at":"2019-09-19T17:33:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"338d1236a87d23099f013438cb4f0faa7635636630338c45fb940466693ec8e4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1909.09110","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1909.09110","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1909.09110v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1909.09110","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4T3YZUXSHXLR","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4T3YZUXSHXLRJ67K","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4T3YZUXS","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:8292074ce92b8c99dad8baea65dafcc20ad978ff53b2a904383ff0e0cae0a8b8","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/1909.09110/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The frequency constitutes a key state variable of electrical power grids. However, as the frequency is subject to several sources of fluctuations, ranging from renewable volatility to demand fluctuations and dispatch, it is strongly dynamic. Yet, the statistical and stochastic properties of the frequency fluctuation dynamics are far from fully understood. Here, we analyse properties of power grid frequency trajectories recorded from different synchronous regions. We highlight the non-Gaussian and still approximately Markovian nature of the frequency statistics. Further, we find that the freque","authors_text":"Benjamin Sch\\\"afer, Dirk Witthaut, Holger Kantz, Leonardo Rydin Gorj\\~ao, Marc Timme, Mehrnaz Anvari","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.AO","submitted_at":"2019-09-19T17:33:25Z","title":"Stochastic properties of the frequency dynamics in real and synthetic power grids"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1909.09110","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:bf52eff03c6fe001f081f0aeeeebb97e3f419fd9d8ec6c3827a1c11d043c533b","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"0612fd30f56d3de4185827fab6ff11988e4e4733e3a5459b98abf4de342be5a7","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"nlin.AO","submitted_at":"2019-09-19T17:33:25Z","title_canon_sha256":"338d1236a87d23099f013438cb4f0faa7635636630338c45fb940466693ec8e4"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1909.09110","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e4f78cd2f23dd714fbea7757ea6dd73cfb786f56cb0ea3af247bd6b150273fbc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e4f78cd2f23dd714fbea7757ea6dd73cfb786f56cb0ea3af247bd6b150273fbc","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05.494111Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05.494111Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"zzBHwbwxsCLXfmvIB1ozElmqgso0YTUVYe/3rztlJhhYwVE7une1tgyZCW76cUWHB36QnFkQfUAG/khy035hAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T00:50:05.494605Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1909.09110","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:bf52eff03c6fe001f081f0aeeeebb97e3f419fd9d8ec6c3827a1c11d043c533b","sha256:8292074ce92b8c99dad8baea65dafcc20ad978ff53b2a904383ff0e0cae0a8b8"],"state_sha256":"99fe9fe323d17b068028850d0c1ac889a243d23800681803741e67897d7eda15"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"sBRchlZ/R7YG+XsG6U7HTUDYDP4X9Zt4e7bQj2Jx2bIJeCM3NVesYXdKrxjXwa7i/GFysethy4tzGf7I1s4SBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-07T11:33:28.721348Z","bundle_sha256":"6bed97cc9ddd31ece5314134d3a85f5b0123c5c19a481ade275945a71717ccb7"}}