{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5","short_pith_number":"pith:4TFVFPSD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1206.0453","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2012-06-03T14:57:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0830ac19fdbb4ceb773e29312de5301adc6b44a8cab6bdd22adf648d57523256","abstract_canon_sha256":"f73c28a286a054667c9b69de0ac563abfcc146eb0af25347d4aa8606a966cd72"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e4cb52be434a583308f2a9e453182e9f4670de0eeae1cb664f38254eb938bf3b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1206.0453","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1206.0453","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1206.0453v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1206.0453","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4TFVFPSDJJMD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4TFVFPSD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1206.0453","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2012-06-03T14:57:45Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"0830ac19fdbb4ceb773e29312de5301adc6b44a8cab6bdd22adf648d57523256","abstract_canon_sha256":"f73c28a286a054667c9b69de0ac563abfcc146eb0af25347d4aa8606a966cd72"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e4cb52be434a583308f2a9e453182e9f4670de0eeae1cb664f38254eb938bf3b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46.172505Z","signature_b64":"YqvVSyRiH0Iv61Q14/3+5zpZeWRa+tF/ash5NSubqfsqmCZkFpBUsAejL2jsbqjlsx1Kg4Pagoe2Xtv+dyCpAw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e4cb52be434a583308f2a9e453182e9f4670de0eeae1cb664f38254eb938bf3b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46.172066Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46.172066Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1206.0453","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"coV2lMykpSIFRZR61IuKRHbBrnWo7bAp//ep4cdqS5LpNyQWEo0NmmvjuliwxVtMdMhkXd3ey+AthL6tqL7KCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T22:12:46.651133Z"},"content_sha256":"be3af54d5e07797710909e5f9c7568df03d35e87a217a2677d599f8a28d3b611","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:be3af54d5e07797710909e5f9c7568df03d35e87a217a2677d599f8a28d3b611"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Distinguishing between non-orthogonal quantum states of a single spin","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"quant-ph","authors_text":"Adetunmise C. Dada, Erika Andersson, Fedor Jelezko, Gerald Waldherr, Jorg Wrachtrup, Philipp Neumann","submitted_at":"2012-06-03T14:57:45Z","abstract_excerpt":"An important task for quantum information processing is optimal discrimination between two non-orthogonal quantum states, which until now has only been realized optically. Here, we present and compare experimental realizations of optimal quantum measurements for distinguishing between two non-orthogonal quantum states encoded in a single ^14 N nuclear spin. Implemented measurement schemes are the minimum-error measurement (known as Helstrom measurement), unambiguous state discrimination using a standard projective measurement, and optimal unambiguous state discrimination (known as IDP measurem"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1206.0453","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7iv7C13FmOzbTCKaKPmnHpJ7SQ52k/7pYylQ3niqp7gSWymrQD3emz4knkBws2Tzu3q6Q/J6+JA8GaHscHUlBQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T22:12:46.651844Z"},"content_sha256":"1f98db02270850e5a71f45fb3d7005cf3c60130ddfe63c164432685d78b85e6c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1f98db02270850e5a71f45fb3d7005cf3c60130ddfe63c164432685d78b85e6c"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-05T22:12:46Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHSVHSFGGBOT5","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f73c28a286a054667c9b69de0ac563abfcc146eb0af25347d4aa8606a966cd72","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2012-06-03T14:57:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"0830ac19fdbb4ceb773e29312de5301adc6b44a8cab6bdd22adf648d57523256"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1206.0453","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1206.0453","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1206.0453v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1206.0453","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4TFVFPSDJJMD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4TFVFPSDJJMDGCHS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4TFVFPSD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:1f98db02270850e5a71f45fb3d7005cf3c60130ddfe63c164432685d78b85e6c","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"An important task for quantum information processing is optimal discrimination between two non-orthogonal quantum states, which until now has only been realized optically. Here, we present and compare experimental realizations of optimal quantum measurements for distinguishing between two non-orthogonal quantum states encoded in a single ^14 N nuclear spin. Implemented measurement schemes are the minimum-error measurement (known as Helstrom measurement), unambiguous state discrimination using a standard projective measurement, and optimal unambiguous state discrimination (known as IDP measurem","authors_text":"Adetunmise C. Dada, Erika Andersson, Fedor Jelezko, Gerald Waldherr, Jorg Wrachtrup, Philipp Neumann","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2012-06-03T14:57:45Z","title":"Distinguishing between non-orthogonal quantum states of a single spin"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1206.0453","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:be3af54d5e07797710909e5f9c7568df03d35e87a217a2677d599f8a28d3b611","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f73c28a286a054667c9b69de0ac563abfcc146eb0af25347d4aa8606a966cd72","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"quant-ph","submitted_at":"2012-06-03T14:57:45Z","title_canon_sha256":"0830ac19fdbb4ceb773e29312de5301adc6b44a8cab6bdd22adf648d57523256"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1206.0453","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e4cb52be434a583308f2a9e453182e9f4670de0eeae1cb664f38254eb938bf3b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e4cb52be434a583308f2a9e453182e9f4670de0eeae1cb664f38254eb938bf3b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46.172066Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46.172066Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"YqvVSyRiH0Iv61Q14/3+5zpZeWRa+tF/ash5NSubqfsqmCZkFpBUsAejL2jsbqjlsx1Kg4Pagoe2Xtv+dyCpAw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:04:46.172505Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1206.0453","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:be3af54d5e07797710909e5f9c7568df03d35e87a217a2677d599f8a28d3b611","sha256:1f98db02270850e5a71f45fb3d7005cf3c60130ddfe63c164432685d78b85e6c"],"state_sha256":"926dde7286faba4fb658b7fc08e3225d2e56236149960a72adcc3e1781ad898e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"pt82vbx7BFDZyjIZBQMJ61l7uyQoe7zIg5Mxqw1OtkdjQmt6oCQIt/zqc2TAEgmbGjmm0aTd/Rexd9lZl3mNCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-05T22:12:46.655689Z","bundle_sha256":"634c77285297fe897942f3f12def110ad9620d0e30b9dfa12ec80006b9c862c2"}}