{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS","short_pith_number":"pith:4VZ7OZ47","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1604.03052","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","submitted_at":"2016-04-11T18:19:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"79d559055dd42966adaca217430aaa703e4cbb8844ae73e7e1daea4ad1fff153","abstract_canon_sha256":"fdee248b78a368c86d43ab61994e813b80916118112a13cff3d9d4c9e5d918b9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e573f7679f66ad575cdbe49566d927c4a74d8c7ceadaf78080dbfbddfae037df","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1604.03052","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1604.03052","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1604.03052v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1604.03052","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4VZ7OZ47M2WV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4VZ7OZ47","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1604.03052","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","submitted_at":"2016-04-11T18:19:33Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"79d559055dd42966adaca217430aaa703e4cbb8844ae73e7e1daea4ad1fff153","abstract_canon_sha256":"fdee248b78a368c86d43ab61994e813b80916118112a13cff3d9d4c9e5d918b9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e573f7679f66ad575cdbe49566d927c4a74d8c7ceadaf78080dbfbddfae037df","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21.552466Z","signature_b64":"lYSv1607j46oGPpeFg8Ph5UkI75tbD+/9eS8MgJxHIqiwGK/MG6J/wDICYkKwRY4RPcdfxraaQwprn3Cbx56AA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e573f7679f66ad575cdbe49566d927c4a74d8c7ceadaf78080dbfbddfae037df","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21.552035Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21.552035Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1604.03052","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Up0KkT3lJlTx2ADF5/mctfqUBohKaqu6VHXs5t0k1uW8Pb+gvxfTTEk8lhS1YUmVcd8yTx2hdLWq7gaGoEuJBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T14:34:52.442677Z"},"content_sha256":"062dc2743043742f52b7ac20597baab58f727372196737baf0f1d064f8d50bb2","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:062dc2743043742f52b7ac20597baab58f727372196737baf0f1d064f8d50bb2"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Distributed Gradient Descent in Bacterial Food Search","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","authors_text":"Hanna Salman, Sabrina Rashid, Saket Navlakha, Shashank Singh, Zhicheng Long, Ziv Bar-Joseph, Zoltan N. Oltvai","submitted_at":"2016-04-11T18:19:33Z","abstract_excerpt":"Communication and coordination play a major role in the ability of bacterial cells to adapt to ever changing environments and conditions. Recent work has shown that such coordination underlies several aspects of bacterial responses including their ability to develop antibiotic resistance. Here we develop a new distributed gradient descent method that helps explain how bacterial cells collectively search for food in harsh environments using extremely limited communication and computational complexity. This method can also be used for computational tasks when agents are facing similarly restrict"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1604.03052","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"wHaHqxcaQb8Zwm5bKx4HOetnIaxuhco/xvFzZzuliyqR6EJjLlYn+rWwb3CB7fEdFFLer+PQwfy59Tf6oQf6Bw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T14:34:52.443347Z"},"content_sha256":"4846c242387f79b852a2d57b3b04c4e6a8ca97ecce112c39c7ec2f3ea4ddc80d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:4846c242387f79b852a2d57b3b04c4e6a8ca97ecce112c39c7ec2f3ea4ddc80d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T14:34:52Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG34SKWNWJHYS","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fdee248b78a368c86d43ab61994e813b80916118112a13cff3d9d4c9e5d918b9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","submitted_at":"2016-04-11T18:19:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"79d559055dd42966adaca217430aaa703e4cbb8844ae73e7e1daea4ad1fff153"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1604.03052","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1604.03052","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1604.03052v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1604.03052","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4VZ7OZ47M2WV","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4VZ7OZ47M2WVOXG3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4VZ7OZ47","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:4846c242387f79b852a2d57b3b04c4e6a8ca97ecce112c39c7ec2f3ea4ddc80d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Communication and coordination play a major role in the ability of bacterial cells to adapt to ever changing environments and conditions. Recent work has shown that such coordination underlies several aspects of bacterial responses including their ability to develop antibiotic resistance. Here we develop a new distributed gradient descent method that helps explain how bacterial cells collectively search for food in harsh environments using extremely limited communication and computational complexity. This method can also be used for computational tasks when agents are facing similarly restrict","authors_text":"Hanna Salman, Sabrina Rashid, Saket Navlakha, Shashank Singh, Zhicheng Long, Ziv Bar-Joseph, Zoltan N. Oltvai","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","submitted_at":"2016-04-11T18:19:33Z","title":"Distributed Gradient Descent in Bacterial Food Search"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1604.03052","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:062dc2743043742f52b7ac20597baab58f727372196737baf0f1d064f8d50bb2","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"fdee248b78a368c86d43ab61994e813b80916118112a13cff3d9d4c9e5d918b9","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"q-bio.QM","submitted_at":"2016-04-11T18:19:33Z","title_canon_sha256":"79d559055dd42966adaca217430aaa703e4cbb8844ae73e7e1daea4ad1fff153"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1604.03052","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e573f7679f66ad575cdbe49566d927c4a74d8c7ceadaf78080dbfbddfae037df","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e573f7679f66ad575cdbe49566d927c4a74d8c7ceadaf78080dbfbddfae037df","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21.552035Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21.552035Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"lYSv1607j46oGPpeFg8Ph5UkI75tbD+/9eS8MgJxHIqiwGK/MG6J/wDICYkKwRY4RPcdfxraaQwprn3Cbx56AA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:17:21.552466Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1604.03052","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:062dc2743043742f52b7ac20597baab58f727372196737baf0f1d064f8d50bb2","sha256:4846c242387f79b852a2d57b3b04c4e6a8ca97ecce112c39c7ec2f3ea4ddc80d"],"state_sha256":"b372e39daad277b105e934c7e415eebbdc8bf006d50d59deb86899976db25abb"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"u/WyB+fceIzrOWtVZHmvKqdfGWCAMuIVIv4JHJpBh4JlbrVou6gxgWjbaTPxA39Oo02hBZsJV5xnFgpxSmyTCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T14:34:52.447222Z","bundle_sha256":"1585da1ec630fdccb8c6bd6545e79b6e9ed6c31398073f6cb052467ea96eb4c6"}}