{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2025:4W5GJPK6FUBVA72ZNATEPW4LZ6","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2f83eb729671fd148d9581e006ae8e4e0b3ea3e854775537ea16af61a4a0e029","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-06-30T02:56:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"2ac2b20b1e04c55fa6503529aba6c31d2aacf0213ffb7ee525e7d85c517b8598"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.00082","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2507.00082","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2507.00082v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2507.00082","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4W5GJPK6FUBV","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4W5GJPK6FUBVA72Z","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4W5GJPK6","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:d2e25397b6962d45b587ad868eca039e89e9fa4bc343b25ef57a6cbd3ca221fb","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2507.00082/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Hybrid Language Models (HLMs) combine the low-latency efficiency of Small Language Models (SLMs) on edge devices with the high accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) on centralized servers. Unlike traditional end-to-end LLM inference, HLMs reduce latency and communication by invoking LLMs only when local SLM predictions are uncertain, i.e., when token-level confidence is low or entropy is high. However, ambiguous or low-confidence predictions still require frequent offloading to the LLM, leading to significant communication overhead in bandwidth-constrained settings. To address this, we prop","authors_text":"Dusit Niyato, Faranaksadat Solat, H. Vincent Poor, Joohyung Lee, Mohamed Seif","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-06-30T02:56:11Z","title":"Federated Learning-Enabled Hybrid Language Models for Communication-Efficient Token Transmission"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2507.00082","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:4f0ceeee8a1bbbf30c58580e581ed87c24eafaa582b9a0d43342ade61837e33e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"2f83eb729671fd148d9581e006ae8e4e0b3ea3e854775537ea16af61a4a0e029","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.CL"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.LG","submitted_at":"2025-06-30T02:56:11Z","title_canon_sha256":"2ac2b20b1e04c55fa6503529aba6c31d2aacf0213ffb7ee525e7d85c517b8598"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2507.00082","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e5ba64bd5e2d03507f59682647db8bcfba595a89a2082eba7558cfb55a74fcba","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e5ba64bd5e2d03507f59682647db8bcfba595a89a2082eba7558cfb55a74fcba","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36.547266Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36.547266Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"eTbIZxcV10Dha5vIqmJMYzaNz74us1qAXMtblk05eXClO45mJfeAiBe6w3kIQELsc9UdiAex+CYzgfuGVpQ4CA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T11:29:36.547805Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2507.00082","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:4f0ceeee8a1bbbf30c58580e581ed87c24eafaa582b9a0d43342ade61837e33e","sha256:d2e25397b6962d45b587ad868eca039e89e9fa4bc343b25ef57a6cbd3ca221fb"],"state_sha256":"34da7d6c5afd52ddf3f9173013a713898f5f76758e79bbe80337421dc22b3c9a"}