{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7","short_pith_number":"pith:4WC6BYJO","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.03756","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2022-10-30T21:35:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"7997e776e5a3d8d09ddaac39d8098475d9e14d54eb848f4b9366a07e2a7c8cde","abstract_canon_sha256":"f6e5e514f7d2289cfb5738bc9ee3922705f83ace11ef1107d66c01264172e160"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e585e0e12eb58f65a23d953aa89dfb1fe997baecc864824f4b06e4ddaa5c6778","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2211.03756","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.03756","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.03756v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.03756","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4WC6BYJOWWHW","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4WC6BYJO","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2211.03756","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2022-10-30T21:35:53Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"7997e776e5a3d8d09ddaac39d8098475d9e14d54eb848f4b9366a07e2a7c8cde","abstract_canon_sha256":"f6e5e514f7d2289cfb5738bc9ee3922705f83ace11ef1107d66c01264172e160"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e585e0e12eb58f65a23d953aa89dfb1fe997baecc864824f4b06e4ddaa5c6778","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52.288573Z","signature_b64":"Rf21Fu+hwWf6XynMHir8ywpKSe3jw4G+9oZcBf3FQ653dbvDAIP33ukVrhUYZkhV8T/+Oj3B0UsolQkWQYasBQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e585e0e12eb58f65a23d953aa89dfb1fe997baecc864824f4b06e4ddaa5c6778","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52.288062Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52.288062Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2211.03756","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"SvNY+9GYYw4HzFPgOarYpNM2RpiNPI5RWKUYJHarCCK5BqoWHh4fMAAk+xDKe5qMNjYuneetWwHXZqXl7GVQDA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T12:25:56.688982Z"},"content_sha256":"1c6d9fdee8053ff8a57db2e41bae3325d9e31298146573cd1d60fce4390c4487","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:1c6d9fdee8053ff8a57db2e41bae3325d9e31298146573cd1d60fce4390c4487"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Changes from Classical Statistics to Modern Statistics and Data Science","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"stat.ME","authors_text":"Kai Zhang, Momiao Xiong, Shan Liu","submitted_at":"2022-10-30T21:35:53Z","abstract_excerpt":"A coordinate system is a foundation for every quantitative science, engineering, and medicine. Classical physics and statistics are based on the Cartesian coordinate system. The classical probability and hypothesis testing theory can only be applied to Euclidean data. However, modern data in the real world are from natural language processing, mathematical formulas, social networks, transportation and sensor networks, computer visions, automations, and biomedical measurements. The Euclidean assumption is not appropriate for non Euclidean data. This perspective addresses the urgent need to over"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.03756","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2211.03756/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"H9lkgBxwyeEe8fY8EkWQ0z+71k5JdJTH/od3kk8m1Xpk1H/y3iJnHsBGlyxMA8P7TpHYXhgqy/kSe5mCHb7+AQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T12:25:56.689731Z"},"content_sha256":"14a50a73d1104e723d835697cafc3cbae1381a4666fe7a03c2c2ea605a18207d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:14a50a73d1104e723d835697cafc3cbae1381a4666fe7a03c2c2ea605a18207d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-11T12:25:56Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5SU5KRHP3D7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f6e5e514f7d2289cfb5738bc9ee3922705f83ace11ef1107d66c01264172e160","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2022-10-30T21:35:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"7997e776e5a3d8d09ddaac39d8098475d9e14d54eb848f4b9366a07e2a7c8cde"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2211.03756","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2211.03756","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2211.03756v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2211.03756","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4WC6BYJOWWHW","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4WC6BYJOWWHWLIR5","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4WC6BYJO","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:14a50a73d1104e723d835697cafc3cbae1381a4666fe7a03c2c2ea605a18207d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2211.03756/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"A coordinate system is a foundation for every quantitative science, engineering, and medicine. Classical physics and statistics are based on the Cartesian coordinate system. The classical probability and hypothesis testing theory can only be applied to Euclidean data. However, modern data in the real world are from natural language processing, mathematical formulas, social networks, transportation and sensor networks, computer visions, automations, and biomedical measurements. The Euclidean assumption is not appropriate for non Euclidean data. This perspective addresses the urgent need to over","authors_text":"Kai Zhang, Momiao Xiong, Shan Liu","cross_cats":["cs.LG"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2022-10-30T21:35:53Z","title":"Changes from Classical Statistics to Modern Statistics and Data Science"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2211.03756","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:1c6d9fdee8053ff8a57db2e41bae3325d9e31298146573cd1d60fce4390c4487","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"f6e5e514f7d2289cfb5738bc9ee3922705f83ace11ef1107d66c01264172e160","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ME","submitted_at":"2022-10-30T21:35:53Z","title_canon_sha256":"7997e776e5a3d8d09ddaac39d8098475d9e14d54eb848f4b9366a07e2a7c8cde"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2211.03756","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e585e0e12eb58f65a23d953aa89dfb1fe997baecc864824f4b06e4ddaa5c6778","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e585e0e12eb58f65a23d953aa89dfb1fe997baecc864824f4b06e4ddaa5c6778","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52.288062Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52.288062Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"Rf21Fu+hwWf6XynMHir8ywpKSe3jw4G+9oZcBf3FQ653dbvDAIP33ukVrhUYZkhV8T/+Oj3B0UsolQkWQYasBQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:13:52.288573Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2211.03756","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:1c6d9fdee8053ff8a57db2e41bae3325d9e31298146573cd1d60fce4390c4487","sha256:14a50a73d1104e723d835697cafc3cbae1381a4666fe7a03c2c2ea605a18207d"],"state_sha256":"01b3c1481ac2be3b10d3c1e077a3ee9ab442f771c78f9eaa55ad92f7b1626c92"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qYbRFgTMdjgHBKXZ4vdkPptjzZ4R8OlIZOq0gVnwEeVop83vpT8P4GU+dLVH/ptKYJeSY3C5MEmG5G+dsxY2DA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-11T12:25:56.694525Z","bundle_sha256":"698b11bba6899a7df7a0212ac6c583da81f2cda51a1c91813084a54d59bcb718"}}