{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP","short_pith_number":"pith:4WFJE5PQ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2103.05944","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-03-10T09:01:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"cda2cb39891baf6a7dda58b5b1f2144499b5f644fa30a4b884b5e5fb3f21398f","abstract_canon_sha256":"a84f766a784c80d2b56de6901b446aa609e3b725a5a6fc40f3041c48cedb5fc5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e58a9275f0e14392fa7122b1065c3713e0ad67bf58cc1ed7bd91cabc3ad4e0ff","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2103.05944","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2103.05944","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2103.05944v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2103.05944","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4WFJE5PQ4FBZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TR","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4WFJE5PQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2103.05944","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-03-10T09:01:34Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"cda2cb39891baf6a7dda58b5b1f2144499b5f644fa30a4b884b5e5fb3f21398f","abstract_canon_sha256":"a84f766a784c80d2b56de6901b446aa609e3b725a5a6fc40f3041c48cedb5fc5"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e58a9275f0e14392fa7122b1065c3713e0ad67bf58cc1ed7bd91cabc3ad4e0ff","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59.894778Z","signature_b64":"FI1/ugKzUZJQBmcWQETbvpd76SeRBCAvnbcVIiaVNbLS3YahwLu2m5tEmyxzcGBqHPTujUkkvhu131ay9Nq4BQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e58a9275f0e14392fa7122b1065c3713e0ad67bf58cc1ed7bd91cabc3ad4e0ff","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59.894438Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59.894438Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2103.05944","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Jgx5DtVsBVCHx9KEsLNTwLzor8nIN07kovKcLRwHPP4OJcALszEkCf/tenPWNIK8iqufAN+z4EotDUrxUNdTCg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T16:43:19.667460Z"},"content_sha256":"897bb5e7e74fefe15feb3113807f53805736c6421ccb5ea12f0b72378e369a2a","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:897bb5e7e74fefe15feb3113807f53805736c6421ccb5ea12f0b72378e369a2a"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2021:4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"How does Truth Evolve into Fake News? An Empirical Study of Fake News Evolution","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.CL","authors_text":"Dongyan Zhao, Juntao Li, Mingfei Guo, Rui Yan, Xiuying Chen","submitted_at":"2021-03-10T09:01:34Z","abstract_excerpt":"Automatically identifying fake news from the Internet is a challenging problem in deception detection tasks. Online news is modified constantly during its propagation, e.g., malicious users distort the original truth and make up fake news. However, the continuous evolution process would generate unprecedented fake news and cheat the original model. We present the Fake News Evolution (FNE) dataset: a new dataset tracking the fake news evolution process. Our dataset is composed of 950 paired data, each of which consists of articles representing the three significant phases of the evolution proce"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.05944","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2103.05944/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"osB8HJ4p/Ln5co9uIORDEU8BLKRgR7QAufqbjz5mb6qU01tJwCmITHVFRcbmw54rxeH8/GRsWRwWCHvrRI3UAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T16:43:19.668473Z"},"content_sha256":"b5280a2c10e61c917ffe1ddf1116d5e9d6ee16ab4ce12a88fa12c0d67180005d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b5280a2c10e61c917ffe1ddf1116d5e9d6ee16ab4ce12a88fa12c0d67180005d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-05T16:43:19Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2021:4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TREKYQMXBXCP","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a84f766a784c80d2b56de6901b446aa609e3b725a5a6fc40f3041c48cedb5fc5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-03-10T09:01:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"cda2cb39891baf6a7dda58b5b1f2144499b5f644fa30a4b884b5e5fb3f21398f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2103.05944","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2103.05944","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2103.05944v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2103.05944","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4WFJE5PQ4FBZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4WFJE5PQ4FBZF6TR","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4WFJE5PQ","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:b5280a2c10e61c917ffe1ddf1116d5e9d6ee16ab4ce12a88fa12c0d67180005d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2103.05944/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Automatically identifying fake news from the Internet is a challenging problem in deception detection tasks. Online news is modified constantly during its propagation, e.g., malicious users distort the original truth and make up fake news. However, the continuous evolution process would generate unprecedented fake news and cheat the original model. We present the Fake News Evolution (FNE) dataset: a new dataset tracking the fake news evolution process. Our dataset is composed of 950 paired data, each of which consists of articles representing the three significant phases of the evolution proce","authors_text":"Dongyan Zhao, Juntao Li, Mingfei Guo, Rui Yan, Xiuying Chen","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-03-10T09:01:34Z","title":"How does Truth Evolve into Fake News? An Empirical Study of Fake News Evolution"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2103.05944","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:897bb5e7e74fefe15feb3113807f53805736c6421ccb5ea12f0b72378e369a2a","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a84f766a784c80d2b56de6901b446aa609e3b725a5a6fc40f3041c48cedb5fc5","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.CL","submitted_at":"2021-03-10T09:01:34Z","title_canon_sha256":"cda2cb39891baf6a7dda58b5b1f2144499b5f644fa30a4b884b5e5fb3f21398f"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2103.05944","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e58a9275f0e14392fa7122b1065c3713e0ad67bf58cc1ed7bd91cabc3ad4e0ff","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e58a9275f0e14392fa7122b1065c3713e0ad67bf58cc1ed7bd91cabc3ad4e0ff","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59.894438Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59.894438Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"FI1/ugKzUZJQBmcWQETbvpd76SeRBCAvnbcVIiaVNbLS3YahwLu2m5tEmyxzcGBqHPTujUkkvhu131ay9Nq4BQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T02:21:59.894778Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2103.05944","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:897bb5e7e74fefe15feb3113807f53805736c6421ccb5ea12f0b72378e369a2a","sha256:b5280a2c10e61c917ffe1ddf1116d5e9d6ee16ab4ce12a88fa12c0d67180005d"],"state_sha256":"9516615ebbf056c4dff9ea216ed5feaea8da199b5392c65c558d1ecb7fca7a3c"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"V3NlHhycDRrGmIppFRd4PwRs0kNZr0cXTNpFStYXF69kyiZYodajQLiu8SFi9JCCqezhLxyHCvvQCScYqaDhBg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-05T16:43:19.779640Z","bundle_sha256":"c15c548fcd7819867530db1113c21c8f2c0cb7a573fb97baa317fb3742f93874"}}