{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q","short_pith_number":"pith:4WI6HARZ","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.5028","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2014-04-20T08:43:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"05d99d420ef5b957e38d1e0c69b688a73461399d7e67e13fb8153d5402c57b12","abstract_canon_sha256":"ba50056ec96e957909eb36231ffdaaebf655340b60c6d9d59411d1f31a2baf9a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e591e3823976c84001c81601f97881fc3d5112628f30a86e597747a172a1f0bc","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1404.5028","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.5028","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.5028v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.5028","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4WI6HARZO3EE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4WI6HARZO3EEAAOI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4WI6HARZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1404.5028","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2014-04-20T08:43:44Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"05d99d420ef5b957e38d1e0c69b688a73461399d7e67e13fb8153d5402c57b12","abstract_canon_sha256":"ba50056ec96e957909eb36231ffdaaebf655340b60c6d9d59411d1f31a2baf9a"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e591e3823976c84001c81601f97881fc3d5112628f30a86e597747a172a1f0bc","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52.149721Z","signature_b64":"B3qRlLMweZVCcZHtH9n6Pyo8/2zAf99+m/3JzS8raF/SaoJRLmM9bNmv6BSx8uMqByFTUDbwTxIR2/USHyjzCg==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e591e3823976c84001c81601f97881fc3d5112628f30a86e597747a172a1f0bc","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52.148788Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52.148788Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1404.5028","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"YldUXwcKwiSF4N2STK98hCmjRi577KF3Bl3qkTyAuX55SAJe8SNBgDJOhTUsM5FkalDAqV71emsttOIMA7ylAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T15:27:12.015907Z"},"content_sha256":"186a06273eb59186e5cf7fccbeb754ff0280474b9cd10820b4255035b8eccb51","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:186a06273eb59186e5cf7fccbeb754ff0280474b9cd10820b4255035b8eccb51"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2014:4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Clustering via Mode Seeking by Direct Estimation of the Gradient of a Log-Density","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"stat.ML","authors_text":"Aapo Hyv\\\"arinen, Hiroaki Sasaki, Masashi Sugiyama","submitted_at":"2014-04-20T08:43:44Z","abstract_excerpt":"Mean shift clustering finds the modes of the data probability density by identifying the zero points of the density gradient. Since it does not require to fix the number of clusters in advance, the mean shift has been a popular clustering algorithm in various application fields. A typical implementation of the mean shift is to first estimate the density by kernel density estimation and then compute its gradient. However, since good density estimation does not necessarily imply accurate estimation of the density gradient, such an indirect two-step approach is not reliable. In this paper, we pro"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.5028","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ybvOVfT4ayWsNjMeoY/jdPvjecDWLi5MA28tUWBNZO6ZXU5q8NmoQzgmP8KND6f3sR8UtkwqkYefQzEnnl8cAg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T15:27:12.016751Z"},"content_sha256":"94a08675714b64b611b9e4b45ecd4bb0df9747b9834278f2440cadaa5dbe7df9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:94a08675714b64b611b9e4b45ecd4bb0df9747b9834278f2440cadaa5dbe7df9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-31T15:27:12Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2014:4WI6HARZO3EEAAOICYA7S6EB7Q","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ba50056ec96e957909eb36231ffdaaebf655340b60c6d9d59411d1f31a2baf9a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2014-04-20T08:43:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"05d99d420ef5b957e38d1e0c69b688a73461399d7e67e13fb8153d5402c57b12"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1404.5028","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1404.5028","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1404.5028v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1404.5028","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4WI6HARZO3EE","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4WI6HARZO3EEAAOI","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4WI6HARZ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:28:14Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:94a08675714b64b611b9e4b45ecd4bb0df9747b9834278f2440cadaa5dbe7df9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Mean shift clustering finds the modes of the data probability density by identifying the zero points of the density gradient. Since it does not require to fix the number of clusters in advance, the mean shift has been a popular clustering algorithm in various application fields. A typical implementation of the mean shift is to first estimate the density by kernel density estimation and then compute its gradient. However, since good density estimation does not necessarily imply accurate estimation of the density gradient, such an indirect two-step approach is not reliable. In this paper, we pro","authors_text":"Aapo Hyv\\\"arinen, Hiroaki Sasaki, Masashi Sugiyama","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2014-04-20T08:43:44Z","title":"Clustering via Mode Seeking by Direct Estimation of the Gradient of a Log-Density"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1404.5028","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:186a06273eb59186e5cf7fccbeb754ff0280474b9cd10820b4255035b8eccb51","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ba50056ec96e957909eb36231ffdaaebf655340b60c6d9d59411d1f31a2baf9a","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"stat.ML","submitted_at":"2014-04-20T08:43:44Z","title_canon_sha256":"05d99d420ef5b957e38d1e0c69b688a73461399d7e67e13fb8153d5402c57b12"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1404.5028","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e591e3823976c84001c81601f97881fc3d5112628f30a86e597747a172a1f0bc","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e591e3823976c84001c81601f97881fc3d5112628f30a86e597747a172a1f0bc","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52.148788Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52.148788Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"B3qRlLMweZVCcZHtH9n6Pyo8/2zAf99+m/3JzS8raF/SaoJRLmM9bNmv6BSx8uMqByFTUDbwTxIR2/USHyjzCg==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:53:52.149721Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1404.5028","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:186a06273eb59186e5cf7fccbeb754ff0280474b9cd10820b4255035b8eccb51","sha256:94a08675714b64b611b9e4b45ecd4bb0df9747b9834278f2440cadaa5dbe7df9"],"state_sha256":"afb1ea50e7c1694911a00038181ee1ee70da3c36885e7b2160b2400e74980566"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"r4JEOeO/iCjQoCfP7PCTFEH630s10AXy7dWt/7d7NyjeUfUBv+BGctnXdIbTwGRggmeSUw3ZT54v6I9hbF5BDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-31T15:27:12.020519Z","bundle_sha256":"96d3e657d1fb8aaed867e3783b582c0f78cb365195aebca330d437f6873b8bfa"}}