{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U","short_pith_number":"pith:4WT7GVSU","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2201.12368","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2022-01-28T19:00:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a5ebadf0745017717a0306efea1e69ecd65f367d946f8f9bfe1fd30ae008c274","abstract_canon_sha256":"a7e36516d44edd6dccdc44e40cb358608b26e55290d74bb17978f1653d0d0974"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e5a7f356549484e78d39176ea5ae2be52f847880b0a42a7d74052480449c29e2","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2201.12368","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2201.12368","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2201.12368v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2201.12368","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4WT7GVSUSSCO","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4WT7GVSU","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2201.12368","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2022-01-28T19:00:04Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"a5ebadf0745017717a0306efea1e69ecd65f367d946f8f9bfe1fd30ae008c274","abstract_canon_sha256":"a7e36516d44edd6dccdc44e40cb358608b26e55290d74bb17978f1653d0d0974"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e5a7f356549484e78d39176ea5ae2be52f847880b0a42a7d74052480449c29e2","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31.266993Z","signature_b64":"HmFH/KDdwWOvLbvWgdVJJbNPdXoBlhFv0f8yDyuSepH37aIqJhttrfZIe0bMmaFcPWHQcy2qyA/dZMmmF/W8DQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e5a7f356549484e78d39176ea5ae2be52f847880b0a42a7d74052480449c29e2","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31.266508Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31.266508Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2201.12368","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"KJos9kbrqBZ4CXUpOm4Zsyc5iho/9e7qGJvS8J+bgVp3xyC+i2u1klGONiSMrUuwbNZwix8a3s1oFCUVUXWZCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-19T15:59:48.234683Z"},"content_sha256":"f64c42f8416c12f88bc403fb81065c66a0d8b146254902f6a64db36de05ac804","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f64c42f8416c12f88bc403fb81065c66a0d8b146254902f6a64db36de05ac804"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Hydrodynamics of Collisions and Close Encounters between Stellar Black Holes and Main-sequence Stars","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","authors_text":"Anthony L. Piro, Frederic A. Rasio, James C. Lombardi Jr., Kyle Kremer, Wenbin Lu","submitted_at":"2022-01-28T19:00:04Z","abstract_excerpt":"Recent analyses have shown that close encounters between stars and stellar black holes occur frequently in dense star clusters. Depending upon the distance at closest approach, these interactions can lead to dissipating encounters such as tidal captures and disruptions, or direct physical collisions, all of which may be accompanied by bright electromagnetic transients. In this study, we perform a wide range of hydrodynamic simulations of close encounters between black holes and main-sequence stars that collectively cover the parameter space of interest, and we identify and classify the various"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2201.12368","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2201.12368/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"qx0dpH00/5X9ZoxYh64xH7rkUtEUFV9u8uEc65pO92mvPGrWup7y+Pbt8ZeEPW1m/jAOyCREn6Pz9SmowPU7CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-19T15:59:48.235064Z"},"content_sha256":"5b7defa56424d1e21e46c92ea8c67b0801fe58d162179498e00a499a689958ab","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:5b7defa56424d1e21e46c92ea8c67b0801fe58d162179498e00a499a689958ab"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-07-19T15:59:48Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZC5XKLLRL4U","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a7e36516d44edd6dccdc44e40cb358608b26e55290d74bb17978f1653d0d0974","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2022-01-28T19:00:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"a5ebadf0745017717a0306efea1e69ecd65f367d946f8f9bfe1fd30ae008c274"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2201.12368","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2201.12368","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2201.12368v2","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2201.12368","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4WT7GVSUSSCO","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4WT7GVSUSSCOPDJZ","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4WT7GVSU","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:5b7defa56424d1e21e46c92ea8c67b0801fe58d162179498e00a499a689958ab","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2201.12368/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Recent analyses have shown that close encounters between stars and stellar black holes occur frequently in dense star clusters. Depending upon the distance at closest approach, these interactions can lead to dissipating encounters such as tidal captures and disruptions, or direct physical collisions, all of which may be accompanied by bright electromagnetic transients. In this study, we perform a wide range of hydrodynamic simulations of close encounters between black holes and main-sequence stars that collectively cover the parameter space of interest, and we identify and classify the various","authors_text":"Anthony L. Piro, Frederic A. Rasio, James C. Lombardi Jr., Kyle Kremer, Wenbin Lu","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2022-01-28T19:00:04Z","title":"Hydrodynamics of Collisions and Close Encounters between Stellar Black Holes and Main-sequence Stars"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2201.12368","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:f64c42f8416c12f88bc403fb81065c66a0d8b146254902f6a64db36de05ac804","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"a7e36516d44edd6dccdc44e40cb358608b26e55290d74bb17978f1653d0d0974","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"astro-ph.HE","submitted_at":"2022-01-28T19:00:04Z","title_canon_sha256":"a5ebadf0745017717a0306efea1e69ecd65f367d946f8f9bfe1fd30ae008c274"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2201.12368","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"e5a7f356549484e78d39176ea5ae2be52f847880b0a42a7d74052480449c29e2","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e5a7f356549484e78d39176ea5ae2be52f847880b0a42a7d74052480449c29e2","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31.266508Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31.266508Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"HmFH/KDdwWOvLbvWgdVJJbNPdXoBlhFv0f8yDyuSepH37aIqJhttrfZIe0bMmaFcPWHQcy2qyA/dZMmmF/W8DQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:41:31.266993Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2201.12368","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:f64c42f8416c12f88bc403fb81065c66a0d8b146254902f6a64db36de05ac804","sha256:5b7defa56424d1e21e46c92ea8c67b0801fe58d162179498e00a499a689958ab"],"state_sha256":"76c692bd443ab200ff5e076bb52a2825afd66224ec0892a1a81878f479b5abe4"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"yoKEVuHL4w+MUGwlvrFgYggMDHFJ0+OKzPAJvgcwvjA4Q8sYL87Vu0ome0va61NslQl9dz2vJeaF1k+yqrE8BQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-07-19T15:59:48.237226Z","bundle_sha256":"d524046d058f6f05249df4f24f14a16d72c8af3d9d5f9e227dc95d9bcf5c19cb"}}