{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY","short_pith_number":"pith:4XNSAI3M","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.04712","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2018-05-12T12:32:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9f9b5ca7c7b07c22040d8a57d86d5db2d60186e03e3f7ae6ddab2f0cf91e558c","abstract_canon_sha256":"84d3ad09184cd4f641da88092e384214a9c75ab0aa9140df514573aa254dda77"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e5db20236caf2217730d91d2b623798e0c64cb9a8b9783a4d1e5356c9729d678","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1805.04712","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.04712","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.04712v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.04712","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4XNSAI3MV4RB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4XNSAI3M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1805.04712","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2018-05-12T12:32:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"9f9b5ca7c7b07c22040d8a57d86d5db2d60186e03e3f7ae6ddab2f0cf91e558c","abstract_canon_sha256":"84d3ad09184cd4f641da88092e384214a9c75ab0aa9140df514573aa254dda77"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e5db20236caf2217730d91d2b623798e0c64cb9a8b9783a4d1e5356c9729d678","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01.111379Z","signature_b64":"OPuREUlZXc+OMiGrV8t5gyGtZm0kyRzjbMLVtDqOO2nhMgQ3rK/GvNPY+645A+ffyioyIaA0ku0qGAeHNtU8BQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e5db20236caf2217730d91d2b623798e0c64cb9a8b9783a4d1e5356c9729d678","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01.110897Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01.110897Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1805.04712","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"0KcHOEclCkjjUnXP19FqrR7ZlX9Blv5SclaMfN6LoYic8g0d3ObPecvBDpJnxkPHu9b5zPugVxUccfA//J/wBw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:53:59.939178Z"},"content_sha256":"779891f635677da0229adb3bdb0b10d4fcfb4c1f38601b3269d249e364eb5b9e","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:779891f635677da0229adb3bdb0b10d4fcfb4c1f38601b3269d249e364eb5b9e"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Setting Reserve Requirements to Approximate the Efficiency of the Stochastic Dispatch","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"math.OC","authors_text":"Juan M. Morales, Stefanos Delikaraoglou, Vladimir Dvorkin","submitted_at":"2018-05-12T12:32:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper deals with the problem of clearing sequential electricity markets under uncertainty. We consider the European approach, where reserves are traded separately from energy to meet exogenous reserve requirements. Recently pro- posed stochastic dispatch models that co-optimize these services provide the most efficient solution in terms of expected operating costs by computing reserve needs endogenously. However, these models are incompatible with existing market designs. This paper proposes a new method to compute reserve requirements that bring the outcome of sequential markets closer t"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.04712","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7CyaA81ZRcKoPMCYD+4MvYB7wTaBSsRmdCfrWCBHTyzATPTuValYyyWaqsf4Kjp5evsd6m1hUJGHu2OvHCBzAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:53:59.939810Z"},"content_sha256":"ea8860ebf5db0655819b942c00c7b771d593efacd8d98484f5861e830f0008fa","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:ea8860ebf5db0655819b942c00c7b771d593efacd8d98484f5861e830f0008fa"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-03T07:53:59Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YNSHJLMI3ZRY","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"84d3ad09184cd4f641da88092e384214a9c75ab0aa9140df514573aa254dda77","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2018-05-12T12:32:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"9f9b5ca7c7b07c22040d8a57d86d5db2d60186e03e3f7ae6ddab2f0cf91e558c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.04712","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1805.04712","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1805.04712v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1805.04712","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4XNSAI3MV4RB","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4XNSAI3MV4RBO4YN","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4XNSAI3M","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:ea8860ebf5db0655819b942c00c7b771d593efacd8d98484f5861e830f0008fa","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper deals with the problem of clearing sequential electricity markets under uncertainty. We consider the European approach, where reserves are traded separately from energy to meet exogenous reserve requirements. Recently pro- posed stochastic dispatch models that co-optimize these services provide the most efficient solution in terms of expected operating costs by computing reserve needs endogenously. However, these models are incompatible with existing market designs. This paper proposes a new method to compute reserve requirements that bring the outcome of sequential markets closer t","authors_text":"Juan M. Morales, Stefanos Delikaraoglou, Vladimir Dvorkin","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2018-05-12T12:32:10Z","title":"Setting Reserve Requirements to Approximate the Efficiency of the Stochastic Dispatch"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1805.04712","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:779891f635677da0229adb3bdb0b10d4fcfb4c1f38601b3269d249e364eb5b9e","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"84d3ad09184cd4f641da88092e384214a9c75ab0aa9140df514573aa254dda77","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"math.OC","submitted_at":"2018-05-12T12:32:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"9f9b5ca7c7b07c22040d8a57d86d5db2d60186e03e3f7ae6ddab2f0cf91e558c"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1805.04712","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"e5db20236caf2217730d91d2b623798e0c64cb9a8b9783a4d1e5356c9729d678","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e5db20236caf2217730d91d2b623798e0c64cb9a8b9783a4d1e5356c9729d678","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01.110897Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01.110897Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"OPuREUlZXc+OMiGrV8t5gyGtZm0kyRzjbMLVtDqOO2nhMgQ3rK/GvNPY+645A+ffyioyIaA0ku0qGAeHNtU8BQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:02:01.111379Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1805.04712","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:779891f635677da0229adb3bdb0b10d4fcfb4c1f38601b3269d249e364eb5b9e","sha256:ea8860ebf5db0655819b942c00c7b771d593efacd8d98484f5861e830f0008fa"],"state_sha256":"f3b4d0815272d4942a7c27aa31697e7aaece1fe143cccb66e74a94c165ac4cdd"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"NBTBoWeUYxYqzolatYeOFuV4v/aYM/VuB+GiVRKIIWOByaqlzROlXn25BMQewGM0tEeW2bGicTkiPFHwctDxDQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-03T07:53:59.942976Z","bundle_sha256":"2ab6e5efc400075ae8968e0473a2df9d8d12ba3779dd9f0dbec266474656c022"}}