{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7","short_pith_number":"pith:4XUHE336","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1501.03841","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2015-01-15T22:32:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"ad5d59ce8069de5e27872d6f0288e2776701db9e9a586be5b7769e5cf1719e9b","abstract_canon_sha256":"193556accf4590796048237866bcf523199b074ecf4b88f4616d0c73fb6bd119"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e5e8726f7e18f92adf12195bdcde7fa7fc61b2a957a3188f4297caa84622b644","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1501.03841","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1501.03841","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1501.03841v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1501.03841","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4XUHE336DD4S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4XUHE336DD4SVXYS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4XUHE336","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1501.03841","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2015-01-15T22:32:21Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"title_canon_sha256":"ad5d59ce8069de5e27872d6f0288e2776701db9e9a586be5b7769e5cf1719e9b","abstract_canon_sha256":"193556accf4590796048237866bcf523199b074ecf4b88f4616d0c73fb6bd119"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e5e8726f7e18f92adf12195bdcde7fa7fc61b2a957a3188f4297caa84622b644","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20.552701Z","signature_b64":"hsT1HkxhbbZ7HA7WTJYoxsflqEtI2N2SeIvStEYLgh889+pVSjKQKRyhU9vAVwQw95h4U8vYfWVlkFl6ieRzBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e5e8726f7e18f92adf12195bdcde7fa7fc61b2a957a3188f4297caa84622b644","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20.551940Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20.551940Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1501.03841","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"K39QT+fmr8oslifxrKqZr+jIApqS3NA+U5Pwz1aeCGDNsmKj3cMRMQUi2SHGSvo1qYyRYNcji5ypH6yEUmS6Ag==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T11:09:54.305167Z"},"content_sha256":"b9a656488cd7b4c44b19cbe025dae8e46621816f80dc1aa0180de1dd5b74a5c3","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:b9a656488cd7b4c44b19cbe025dae8e46621816f80dc1aa0180de1dd5b74a5c3"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2015:4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Kinetic Electron and Ion Instability of the Lunar Wake Simulated at Physical Mass Ratio","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.space-ph"],"primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","authors_text":"Christian Bernt Haakonsen, Chuteng Zhou, Ian H. Hutchinson","submitted_at":"2015-01-15T22:32:21Z","abstract_excerpt":"The solar wind wake behind the moon is studied with 1D electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations using a physical ion to electron mass ratio (unlike prior investigations); the simulations also apply more generally to supersonic flow of dense magnetized plasma past non-magnetic objects. A hybrid electrostatic Boltzmann electron treatment is first used to investigate the ion stability in the absence of kinetic electron effects, showing that the ions are two-stream unstable for downstream wake distances (in lunar radii) greater than about three times the solar wind Mach number. Simulations"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1501.03841","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"J9/2//kfyg2yg7pbVZ1T7C+k82e+dYB0NvLcNmFy2T3qSNBIFQGMKbCSg3kDvDBywXEUd8yRIZBL+gI5RCnpDQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T11:09:54.305520Z"},"content_sha256":"773b97ab66862a1ae1745c8fc1e40ccc5d8ac16f4fa9d8feb4164b69bbe356d9","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:773b97ab66862a1ae1745c8fc1e40ccc5d8ac16f4fa9d8feb4164b69bbe356d9"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-28T11:09:54Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2015:4XUHE336DD4SVXYSDFN5ZXT7U7","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"193556accf4590796048237866bcf523199b074ecf4b88f4616d0c73fb6bd119","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2015-01-15T22:32:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"ad5d59ce8069de5e27872d6f0288e2776701db9e9a586be5b7769e5cf1719e9b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1501.03841","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1501.03841","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1501.03841v2","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1501.03841","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4XUHE336DD4S","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4XUHE336DD4SVXYS","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4XUHE336","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:05Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:773b97ab66862a1ae1745c8fc1e40ccc5d8ac16f4fa9d8feb4164b69bbe356d9","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The solar wind wake behind the moon is studied with 1D electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations using a physical ion to electron mass ratio (unlike prior investigations); the simulations also apply more generally to supersonic flow of dense magnetized plasma past non-magnetic objects. A hybrid electrostatic Boltzmann electron treatment is first used to investigate the ion stability in the absence of kinetic electron effects, showing that the ions are two-stream unstable for downstream wake distances (in lunar radii) greater than about three times the solar wind Mach number. Simulations","authors_text":"Christian Bernt Haakonsen, Chuteng Zhou, Ian H. Hutchinson","cross_cats":["physics.space-ph"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2015-01-15T22:32:21Z","title":"Kinetic Electron and Ion Instability of the Lunar Wake Simulated at Physical Mass Ratio"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1501.03841","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:b9a656488cd7b4c44b19cbe025dae8e46621816f80dc1aa0180de1dd5b74a5c3","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"193556accf4590796048237866bcf523199b074ecf4b88f4616d0c73fb6bd119","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.space-ph"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.plasm-ph","submitted_at":"2015-01-15T22:32:21Z","title_canon_sha256":"ad5d59ce8069de5e27872d6f0288e2776701db9e9a586be5b7769e5cf1719e9b"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1501.03841","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"e5e8726f7e18f92adf12195bdcde7fa7fc61b2a957a3188f4297caa84622b644","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e5e8726f7e18f92adf12195bdcde7fa7fc61b2a957a3188f4297caa84622b644","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20.551940Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20.551940Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"hsT1HkxhbbZ7HA7WTJYoxsflqEtI2N2SeIvStEYLgh889+pVSjKQKRyhU9vAVwQw95h4U8vYfWVlkFl6ieRzBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T02:20:20.552701Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1501.03841","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:b9a656488cd7b4c44b19cbe025dae8e46621816f80dc1aa0180de1dd5b74a5c3","sha256:773b97ab66862a1ae1745c8fc1e40ccc5d8ac16f4fa9d8feb4164b69bbe356d9"],"state_sha256":"2ef4a1153a0f5b8868e7b697578d54aead64637616eca1dfc2fcab998af1ff7e"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QH10H2D262jZyGUZv7bvSoOTXoDvzLbUQ3sgvlxbl5KoC0uwF1kqxGYzvBdxWoFkOkiVSxzsmXgwxI19V7ZXDg==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-28T11:09:54.307645Z","bundle_sha256":"c2423d67df039d71f7f577330f330067cf0d62c20dff8e7d0518a63e9da7d0ae"}}