{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU","short_pith_number":"pith:4YMAOU54","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1609.05563","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2016-09-18T23:03:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d8a71d610ba2ad2b897c17b60e75439bb76fc48c82968c331affbcb3fd29a979","abstract_canon_sha256":"cbb16d741c8ec3554a44db0702a6796035fa29847fc8276a435ec482a64109e2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e6180753bc33157b0525770b7f9798850ad61984d87a0b7fcf94dae9910db797","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1609.05563","version":3},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1609.05563","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1609.05563v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1609.05563","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4YMAOU54GMKX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4YMAOU54GMKXWBJF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4YMAOU54","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1609.05563","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2016-09-18T23:03:30Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"d8a71d610ba2ad2b897c17b60e75439bb76fc48c82968c331affbcb3fd29a979","abstract_canon_sha256":"cbb16d741c8ec3554a44db0702a6796035fa29847fc8276a435ec482a64109e2"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e6180753bc33157b0525770b7f9798850ad61984d87a0b7fcf94dae9910db797","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40.381660Z","signature_b64":"ynzHKQmdRxcFFUOAQtl7p7eFDZcAoZh4zEH+RCmpgAiKyZktOKkIhEiJQq+XTWDkvUHsLtVWLmwDsFuqM3AfCQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e6180753bc33157b0525770b7f9798850ad61984d87a0b7fcf94dae9910db797","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40.381263Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40.381263Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1609.05563","source_version":3,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"QfK1FgV4ArArHfe8uBjJXquxZVNJVIs7q0qBgRoE9zXYmYp5lXIj8h2BkkKfnkbfw/skEuIoHbShP9UKoxOzAw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T11:36:04.205061Z"},"content_sha256":"a6eb61831f6c75f1de788c9bd0d36a8e42b25ce2a44710889699ae1e5541fcb0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a6eb61831f6c75f1de788c9bd0d36a8e42b25ce2a44710889699ae1e5541fcb0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2016:4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Negative Results for Software Effort Estimation","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Barry Boehm, George Mathew, Jairus Hihn, Tim Menzies, Ye Yang","submitted_at":"2016-09-18T23:03:30Z","abstract_excerpt":"Context:More than half the literature on software effort estimation (SEE) focuses on comparisons of new estimation methods. Surprisingly, there are no studies comparing state of the art latest methods with decades-old approaches. Objective:To check if new SEE methods generated better estimates than older methods. Method: Firstly, collect effort estimation methods ranging from \"classical\" COCOMO (parametric estimation over a pre-determined set of attributes) to \"modern\" (reasoning via analogy using spectral-based clustering plus instance and feature selection, and a recent \"baseline method\" pro"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1609.05563","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"kzNtrs96rX2ho4kW74QIlciCrIjThSAdH6uLidlMWjGzOnJ3zhRmsR0Qkmry+/m1FF8tT7+N7Vg9ozgcneD2CQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T11:36:04.205764Z"},"content_sha256":"7fe56029d6afb93e9e15d0dce212e798fa4f648cb527efb0308177bef11b4632","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:7fe56029d6afb93e9e15d0dce212e798fa4f648cb527efb0308177bef11b4632"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-26T11:36:04Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2016:4YMAOU54GMKXWBJFO4FX7F4YQU","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cbb16d741c8ec3554a44db0702a6796035fa29847fc8276a435ec482a64109e2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2016-09-18T23:03:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"d8a71d610ba2ad2b897c17b60e75439bb76fc48c82968c331affbcb3fd29a979"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1609.05563","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1609.05563","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1609.05563v3","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1609.05563","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4YMAOU54GMKX","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4YMAOU54GMKXWBJF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4YMAOU54","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:29:58Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:7fe56029d6afb93e9e15d0dce212e798fa4f648cb527efb0308177bef11b4632","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Context:More than half the literature on software effort estimation (SEE) focuses on comparisons of new estimation methods. Surprisingly, there are no studies comparing state of the art latest methods with decades-old approaches. Objective:To check if new SEE methods generated better estimates than older methods. Method: Firstly, collect effort estimation methods ranging from \"classical\" COCOMO (parametric estimation over a pre-determined set of attributes) to \"modern\" (reasoning via analogy using spectral-based clustering plus instance and feature selection, and a recent \"baseline method\" pro","authors_text":"Barry Boehm, George Mathew, Jairus Hihn, Tim Menzies, Ye Yang","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2016-09-18T23:03:30Z","title":"Negative Results for Software Effort Estimation"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1609.05563","kind":"arxiv","version":3},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a6eb61831f6c75f1de788c9bd0d36a8e42b25ce2a44710889699ae1e5541fcb0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"cbb16d741c8ec3554a44db0702a6796035fa29847fc8276a435ec482a64109e2","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2016-09-18T23:03:30Z","title_canon_sha256":"d8a71d610ba2ad2b897c17b60e75439bb76fc48c82968c331affbcb3fd29a979"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1609.05563","kind":"arxiv","version":3}},"canonical_sha256":"e6180753bc33157b0525770b7f9798850ad61984d87a0b7fcf94dae9910db797","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e6180753bc33157b0525770b7f9798850ad61984d87a0b7fcf94dae9910db797","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40.381263Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40.381263Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"ynzHKQmdRxcFFUOAQtl7p7eFDZcAoZh4zEH+RCmpgAiKyZktOKkIhEiJQq+XTWDkvUHsLtVWLmwDsFuqM3AfCQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T01:03:40.381660Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1609.05563","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":3}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a6eb61831f6c75f1de788c9bd0d36a8e42b25ce2a44710889699ae1e5541fcb0","sha256:7fe56029d6afb93e9e15d0dce212e798fa4f648cb527efb0308177bef11b4632"],"state_sha256":"270e3c0f6ad08471ca070c4be5a24e3f8b8bf91f727f4e66f5a60b6622af6179"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"tDcPpu7tYLi+m1E/PBAPkow4LzkvyLjODH/WjGUJljuuLdA+FzWdcQNkYCI567yV68LK+qHUNMZ5G3Bn6rYADA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-26T11:36:04.209411Z","bundle_sha256":"9d6c2e8feb759eb1e8d79ceb81046667a459ac0043fe2449a79218c39dc2f5ce"}}