{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO","short_pith_number":"pith:4YQ5T4HF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2204.03794","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2022-04-08T00:52:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7ee52eb15a4d2b17be627d8b52ecaab1e492e3d997aa8026444cb049d61804ad","abstract_canon_sha256":"931a3f666a7cfa3018dd09467d2de9b9e76847302aef87478f4f612e994322c0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e621d9f0e55b01858c04e1601212e5a3a5fb042f84e25166e100bbb23712df32","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2204.03794","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2204.03794","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2204.03794v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2204.03794","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4YQ5T4HFLMAY","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4YQ5T4HF","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2204.03794","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2022-04-08T00:52:10Z","cross_cats_sorted":[],"title_canon_sha256":"7ee52eb15a4d2b17be627d8b52ecaab1e492e3d997aa8026444cb049d61804ad","abstract_canon_sha256":"931a3f666a7cfa3018dd09467d2de9b9e76847302aef87478f4f612e994322c0"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e621d9f0e55b01858c04e1601212e5a3a5fb042f84e25166e100bbb23712df32","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41.865981Z","signature_b64":"AqEYf2qSvSApiTc9lD2beGxo316pVGBRjgUwfidTrKy/2rS5wGbovBuat2znS86NfNeRzSDLRwARy63pueg+Bw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e621d9f0e55b01858c04e1601212e5a3a5fb042f84e25166e100bbb23712df32","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41.865566Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41.865566Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2204.03794","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8Cp3ZZJ6vLMTQqUIoa9HMkhG8NSnzfs3OyMJBVR967Cc9MpEjsb1YadnVKE6btBzWlHoLWac8DelJi2UlyZADQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T18:34:41.718129Z"},"content_sha256":"949810c4e0e043da3590417b51a137b46889e947624c0e5fa9b6d27345f4405c","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:949810c4e0e043da3590417b51a137b46889e947624c0e5fa9b6d27345f4405c"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2022:4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"On the Importance of Performing App Analysis Within Peer Groups","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":[],"primary_cat":"cs.SE","authors_text":"Ahmed E. Hassan, Heng Li, Safwat Hassan","submitted_at":"2022-04-08T00:52:10Z","abstract_excerpt":"The competing nature of the app market motivates us to shift our focus on apps that provide similar functionalities and directly compete with each other (i.e., peer apps). In this work, we study the ratings and the review text of 100 Android apps across 10 peer app groups. We highlight the importance of performing peer-app analysis by showing that it can provide a unique perspective over performing a global analysis of apps (i.e., mixing apps from multiple categories). First, we observe that comparing user ratings within peer groups can provide very different results from comparing user rating"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2204.03794","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2204.03794/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"7jtefkshw/OaLPUe+payGSHiY17LsolNTXpPGhQCk8Un6IswU8LRChK7IcpEA+msE4lyiwnX/WH3VBjrFxpKCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T18:34:41.718506Z"},"content_sha256":"aeee2dae9957c459de3bcb2727334db3dc998dff38d405fb2efcdb8ebc0cc5ca","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:aeee2dae9957c459de3bcb2727334db3dc998dff38d405fb2efcdb8ebc0cc5ca"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-03T18:34:41Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2022:4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE4FQBEEXFUO","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"931a3f666a7cfa3018dd09467d2de9b9e76847302aef87478f4f612e994322c0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2022-04-08T00:52:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"7ee52eb15a4d2b17be627d8b52ecaab1e492e3d997aa8026444cb049d61804ad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2204.03794","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2204.03794","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2204.03794v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2204.03794","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"4YQ5T4HFLMAY","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"4YQ5T4HFLMAYLDAE","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"4YQ5T4HF","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:aeee2dae9957c459de3bcb2727334db3dc998dff38d405fb2efcdb8ebc0cc5ca","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2204.03794/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"The competing nature of the app market motivates us to shift our focus on apps that provide similar functionalities and directly compete with each other (i.e., peer apps). In this work, we study the ratings and the review text of 100 Android apps across 10 peer app groups. We highlight the importance of performing peer-app analysis by showing that it can provide a unique perspective over performing a global analysis of apps (i.e., mixing apps from multiple categories). First, we observe that comparing user ratings within peer groups can provide very different results from comparing user rating","authors_text":"Ahmed E. Hassan, Heng Li, Safwat Hassan","cross_cats":[],"headline":"","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2022-04-08T00:52:10Z","title":"On the Importance of Performing App Analysis Within Peer Groups"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2204.03794","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:949810c4e0e043da3590417b51a137b46889e947624c0e5fa9b6d27345f4405c","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"931a3f666a7cfa3018dd09467d2de9b9e76847302aef87478f4f612e994322c0","cross_cats_sorted":[],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","primary_cat":"cs.SE","submitted_at":"2022-04-08T00:52:10Z","title_canon_sha256":"7ee52eb15a4d2b17be627d8b52ecaab1e492e3d997aa8026444cb049d61804ad"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2204.03794","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"e621d9f0e55b01858c04e1601212e5a3a5fb042f84e25166e100bbb23712df32","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e621d9f0e55b01858c04e1601212e5a3a5fb042f84e25166e100bbb23712df32","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41.865566Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41.865566Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"AqEYf2qSvSApiTc9lD2beGxo316pVGBRjgUwfidTrKy/2rS5wGbovBuat2znS86NfNeRzSDLRwARy63pueg+Bw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T04:12:41.865981Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2204.03794","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:949810c4e0e043da3590417b51a137b46889e947624c0e5fa9b6d27345f4405c","sha256:aeee2dae9957c459de3bcb2727334db3dc998dff38d405fb2efcdb8ebc0cc5ca"],"state_sha256":"d450e0679dbb191dbcc4b0deb0f9da6a6a7dd8e6cd335b7818b7715b77553abc"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"+7jxYxq8lcaHiuzzuT4o65QO4gwDFLnRwOIfWVB0K0naAsjJBmKGaboqNwskB4itXw+cmigOK466Ah/LP+KxCA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-03T18:34:41.720954Z","bundle_sha256":"024f422f8e5f554f4e054f757f8237e9f895a75781922acf6262a0c3d98cfbc5"}}