{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR","short_pith_number":"pith:53XWJFTH","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.03416","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2023-04-06T23:49:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.SD","eess.AS"],"title_canon_sha256":"a261962a34da413a198a1cf6a19bdbc286a19f6597d3c23bc47dd05bde2179f7","abstract_canon_sha256":"c50ae763e331b9d88f443ab261c7bfee0cbd3d0ebb3f93fe4c226730415cd259"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"eeef649667ebaa449474375b2412ea544d99f5d81071c17132efac92bb7334e5","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2304.03416","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.03416","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.03416v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.03416","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"53XWJFTH5OVE","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"53XWJFTH5OVEJFDU","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"53XWJFTH","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2304.03416","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2023-04-06T23:49:29Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.SD","eess.AS"],"title_canon_sha256":"a261962a34da413a198a1cf6a19bdbc286a19f6597d3c23bc47dd05bde2179f7","abstract_canon_sha256":"c50ae763e331b9d88f443ab261c7bfee0cbd3d0ebb3f93fe4c226730415cd259"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"eeef649667ebaa449474375b2412ea544d99f5d81071c17132efac92bb7334e5","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55.666058Z","signature_b64":"vwZZamVRHeQuuVRZcq6U7sU7rZ2DMTje8oqFE4jBGKdpAtYsnC3T47teSIB0x2C0Y5YCd7kyuClRXII8zIMSDw==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"eeef649667ebaa449474375b2412ea544d99f5d81071c17132efac92bb7334e5","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55.665583Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55.665583Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2304.03416","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"ToajRZnm9S9ZDmjh0G1qRGViUs3fsxcXP1jdnRZPptvE8IBztKr3dla6sCFOs1r5VicTnKMCZr8cfiEVZTvwCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T22:36:13.627638Z"},"content_sha256":"c88c505a3c208cafc1fbacb1275900d60d834230963e8f1ace56aaee5bec43d0","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c88c505a3c208cafc1fbacb1275900d60d834230963e8f1ace56aaee5bec43d0"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2023:53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"To Wake-up or Not to Wake-up: Reducing Keyword False Alarm by Successive Refinement","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.LG","cs.SD","eess.AS"],"primary_cat":"eess.SP","authors_text":"Ching-Hua Lee, Chouchang Yang, Hongxia Jin, Rakshith Sharma Srinivasa, Yashas Malur Saidutta, Yilin Shen","submitted_at":"2023-04-06T23:49:29Z","abstract_excerpt":"Keyword spotting systems continuously process audio streams to detect keywords. One of the most challenging tasks in designing such systems is to reduce False Alarm (FA) which happens when the system falsely registers a keyword despite the keyword not being uttered. In this paper, we propose a simple yet elegant solution to this problem that follows from the law of total probability. We show that existing deep keyword spotting mechanisms can be improved by Successive Refinement, where the system first classifies whether the input audio is speech or not, followed by whether the input is keyword"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.03416","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2304.03416/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"C8F2xcDadUZCycLsj2OZbWex67DBw03EeTTI4vSl5BFjSRPM2Jmks/1qXn3htNV6y2Mz8oiRLHWH3wjN3089BA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T22:36:13.628221Z"},"content_sha256":"46391e4e65a9a4b37c107bb38a5e50061afa2c07826e6c082644f8279055312d","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:46391e4e65a9a4b37c107bb38a5e50061afa2c07826e6c082644f8279055312d"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-08-09T22:36:13Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2023:53XWJFTH5OVEJFDUG5NSIEXKKR","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c50ae763e331b9d88f443ab261c7bfee0cbd3d0ebb3f93fe4c226730415cd259","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.SD","eess.AS"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2023-04-06T23:49:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"a261962a34da413a198a1cf6a19bdbc286a19f6597d3c23bc47dd05bde2179f7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.03416","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2304.03416","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2304.03416v1","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2304.03416","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"53XWJFTH5OVE","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"53XWJFTH5OVEJFDU","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"53XWJFTH","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:46391e4e65a9a4b37c107bb38a5e50061afa2c07826e6c082644f8279055312d","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[],"endpoint":"/pith/2304.03416/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"c28c3603d3b5d939e8dc4c7e95fa8dfce3d595e45f758748cecf8e644a296938","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"Keyword spotting systems continuously process audio streams to detect keywords. One of the most challenging tasks in designing such systems is to reduce False Alarm (FA) which happens when the system falsely registers a keyword despite the keyword not being uttered. In this paper, we propose a simple yet elegant solution to this problem that follows from the law of total probability. We show that existing deep keyword spotting mechanisms can be improved by Successive Refinement, where the system first classifies whether the input audio is speech or not, followed by whether the input is keyword","authors_text":"Ching-Hua Lee, Chouchang Yang, Hongxia Jin, Rakshith Sharma Srinivasa, Yashas Malur Saidutta, Yilin Shen","cross_cats":["cs.LG","cs.SD","eess.AS"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2023-04-06T23:49:29Z","title":"To Wake-up or Not to Wake-up: Reducing Keyword False Alarm by Successive Refinement"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2304.03416","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c88c505a3c208cafc1fbacb1275900d60d834230963e8f1ace56aaee5bec43d0","target":"record","created_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c50ae763e331b9d88f443ab261c7bfee0cbd3d0ebb3f93fe4c226730415cd259","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.LG","cs.SD","eess.AS"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"eess.SP","submitted_at":"2023-04-06T23:49:29Z","title_canon_sha256":"a261962a34da413a198a1cf6a19bdbc286a19f6597d3c23bc47dd05bde2179f7"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2304.03416","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"eeef649667ebaa449474375b2412ea544d99f5d81071c17132efac92bb7334e5","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"eeef649667ebaa449474375b2412ea544d99f5d81071c17132efac92bb7334e5","first_computed_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55.665583Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55.665583Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"vwZZamVRHeQuuVRZcq6U7sU7rZ2DMTje8oqFE4jBGKdpAtYsnC3T47teSIB0x2C0Y5YCd7kyuClRXII8zIMSDw==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-07-05T05:58:55.666058Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2304.03416","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c88c505a3c208cafc1fbacb1275900d60d834230963e8f1ace56aaee5bec43d0","sha256:46391e4e65a9a4b37c107bb38a5e50061afa2c07826e6c082644f8279055312d"],"state_sha256":"19def3d845b7acfb684c6a6363a59a813e36964e84428756d6a7e0d7497ed433"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Qt+7Ipzj4mlIx1AvapDr7HdQudCURysl+Y/WsqwA0/9gpZs1stBunwEEa2UXxFu0r/EsEqZ9VP/Ci5hSgKhfAQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-08-09T22:36:13.633818Z","bundle_sha256":"1289b438da7916cddf4a12d899d909dfeb28dea02e746861402432cb345a97d2"}}