{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256","short_pith_number":"pith:55JFAELD","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.2404","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2012-02-11T03:27:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"1e20d945d252bd046a1d00b104fae0da160c69c44c997368e01c68678d7bbe72","abstract_canon_sha256":"ee7e957f400189b479b55eb837aca67e2956cfd2f7cba355aed36203e0784203"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ef525011635bdb05267001beeb76faef904b82c62aa99b1d6c605f700c8baeb1","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1202.2404","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.2404","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.2404v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.2404","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"55JFAELDLPNQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"55JFAELDLPNQKJTQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"55JFAELD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1202.2404","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2012-02-11T03:27:48Z","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"title_canon_sha256":"1e20d945d252bd046a1d00b104fae0da160c69c44c997368e01c68678d7bbe72","abstract_canon_sha256":"ee7e957f400189b479b55eb837aca67e2956cfd2f7cba355aed36203e0784203"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"ef525011635bdb05267001beeb76faef904b82c62aa99b1d6c605f700c8baeb1","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.690365Z","signature_b64":"4oHOEw6XEVV7vrh3tciwK15LloLwJqYiItxnhRW4xuwP3qP087ODr/oe6xsdLys0z2X3TdCGUt4t6+kK8dnIAQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"ef525011635bdb05267001beeb76faef904b82c62aa99b1d6c605f700c8baeb1","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.689870Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.689870Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1202.2404","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"8vmRCmytHiaGSJbNPrZIuBaNT0O1ZYQvYm+BfUnUmD98MbdUDpLvh5EfocF3Nug73WEGN8UZLIuYbtEHGRdhCA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T22:55:54.348915Z"},"content_sha256":"285822b33777facae0eae36bc814e57293706cdb405dc85a88a8bbd98dd8be64","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:285822b33777facae0eae36bc814e57293706cdb405dc85a88a8bbd98dd8be64"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2012:55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Refractive index of a transparent liquid measured with a concave mirror","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","authors_text":"Amitabh Joshi, Juan D. Serna","submitted_at":"2012-02-11T03:27:48Z","abstract_excerpt":"This paper describes the spherical concave mirror method for measuring the index of refraction of transparent liquids. We derived the refractive index equation using Snell's law and the small-angle approximation. We also verified the validity of this method using the traditional spherical mirror and thin-lens Gaussian equations."},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.2404","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"hgiPI+n0DHc+ik1J1/jq6pboTxj8vLa2CtPMSibmnY/yp2A0ffkqFSJJ1oYR7Iwua5D2KcPDqP+suykWK42WCQ==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T22:55:54.349260Z"},"content_sha256":"c498dde947b683cd9fd685432be5f4e563697de37f94ee268a9bbd29a8728123","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c498dde947b683cd9fd685432be5f4e563697de37f94ee268a9bbd29a8728123"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-25T22:55:54Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2012:55JFAELDLPNQKJTQAG7OW5X256","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ee7e957f400189b479b55eb837aca67e2956cfd2f7cba355aed36203e0784203","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2012-02-11T03:27:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"1e20d945d252bd046a1d00b104fae0da160c69c44c997368e01c68678d7bbe72"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1202.2404","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1202.2404","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1202.2404v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1202.2404","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"55JFAELDLPNQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"55JFAELDLPNQKJTQ","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"55JFAELD","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:26:53Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:c498dde947b683cd9fd685432be5f4e563697de37f94ee268a9bbd29a8728123","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This paper describes the spherical concave mirror method for measuring the index of refraction of transparent liquids. We derived the refractive index equation using Snell's law and the small-angle approximation. We also verified the validity of this method using the traditional spherical mirror and thin-lens Gaussian equations.","authors_text":"Amitabh Joshi, Juan D. Serna","cross_cats":["physics.optics"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2012-02-11T03:27:48Z","title":"Refractive index of a transparent liquid measured with a concave mirror"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1202.2404","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:285822b33777facae0eae36bc814e57293706cdb405dc85a88a8bbd98dd8be64","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"ee7e957f400189b479b55eb837aca67e2956cfd2f7cba355aed36203e0784203","cross_cats_sorted":["physics.optics"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"physics.class-ph","submitted_at":"2012-02-11T03:27:48Z","title_canon_sha256":"1e20d945d252bd046a1d00b104fae0da160c69c44c997368e01c68678d7bbe72"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1202.2404","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"ef525011635bdb05267001beeb76faef904b82c62aa99b1d6c605f700c8baeb1","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"ef525011635bdb05267001beeb76faef904b82c62aa99b1d6c605f700c8baeb1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.689870Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.689870Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"4oHOEw6XEVV7vrh3tciwK15LloLwJqYiItxnhRW4xuwP3qP087ODr/oe6xsdLys0z2X3TdCGUt4t6+kK8dnIAQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T03:36:04.690365Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1202.2404","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:285822b33777facae0eae36bc814e57293706cdb405dc85a88a8bbd98dd8be64","sha256:c498dde947b683cd9fd685432be5f4e563697de37f94ee268a9bbd29a8728123"],"state_sha256":"8e35b66b66606d1a1277fb89e3875c1556c41e002555320102c8a7c7d5faacb1"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"3brdaB3GIgg+vo8KPgrjiXWluDWOUD91E1E4ezW9O5kI3iikwEB66XXYB6nTzB86xjlGCRcXHTruUHsUg0lQDA==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-25T22:55:54.351706Z","bundle_sha256":"e50f33a91b72dca3736139d0ee44cbab57a4f4cca0730bd167f8cc629c4f8cd8"}}