{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV","short_pith_number":"pith:56ZM7KJF","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.04773","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2018-03-13T13:13:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NE"],"title_canon_sha256":"bbf6e69dae719b739e6ddaf9c312f32c25d8f77273c48664b09268f2410a7819","abstract_canon_sha256":"c3dabae265c44307b7fb217e7228a61f4eba9bfd7cef9d57303a74a2595ec6f9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"efb2cfa925bb19b967e5ca09c4ed927d640a17eae19d7fba186fbea47f5df33b","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"1803.04773","version":1},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.04773","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.04773v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.04773","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"56ZM7KJFXMM3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"56ZM7KJF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"1803.04773","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"metadata":{"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2018-03-13T13:13:59Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NE"],"title_canon_sha256":"bbf6e69dae719b739e6ddaf9c312f32c25d8f77273c48664b09268f2410a7819","abstract_canon_sha256":"c3dabae265c44307b7fb217e7228a61f4eba9bfd7cef9d57303a74a2595ec6f9"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"efb2cfa925bb19b967e5ca09c4ed927d640a17eae19d7fba186fbea47f5df33b","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17.926345Z","signature_b64":"0+XhlM2C4AppGbxgfXO/3siitoBQHQbyL4jwadv74Zn8KRFENwGZEN4QCxXgJ0zdZofM2L7OOaTpjI4c6wtTDQ==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"efb2cfa925bb19b967e5ca09c4ed927d640a17eae19d7fba186fbea47f5df33b","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17.925854Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17.925854Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"1803.04773","source_version":1,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"Nim16SS3579BYteSvfRgXaeI5grQ6whQi+6b6XXMCmjBlkrlDQrg2HDwx7gUMxld/yciYIb2v39xJwYV+S5xCw==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:24:27.489797Z"},"content_sha256":"c8974e78266728986ed74475f064bd0d7a8bd36943513780609052a7397b1718","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:c8974e78266728986ed74475f064bd0d7a8bd36943513780609052a7397b1718"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2018:56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"A case for multiple and parallel RRAMs as synaptic model for training SNNs","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","headline":"","cross_cats":["cs.NE"],"primary_cat":"cs.ET","authors_text":"Aditya Shukla, Sandip Lashkare, Sidharth Prasad, Udayan Ganguly","submitted_at":"2018-03-13T13:13:59Z","abstract_excerpt":"To enable a dense integration of model synapses in a spiking neural networks hardware, various nano-scale devices are being considered. Such a device, besides exhibiting spike-time dependent plasticity (STDP), needs to be highly scalable, have a large endurance and require low energy for transitioning between states. In this work, we first introduce and empirically determine two new specifications for an synapse in SNNs: number of conductance levels per synapse and maximum learning-rate. To the best of our knowledge, there are no RRAMs that meet the latter specification. As a solution, we prop"},"claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.04773","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"id":null,"model_set":{},"created_at":null,"strongest_claim":"","one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"weakest_assumption":"","pith_extraction_headline":""},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":null},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"9rEDibxp8DFCe1VUzYEg3f3RSz7bM5Cd0d5c83LvzzNNaA2dgTDrRG3acui3x66U6s+PxkPv1Yj5y5d1kJtqAA==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:24:27.490147Z"},"content_sha256":"30e3763193f23c558bb60b8f154d7701295086ce4ad1767b264001cf1b146227","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:30e3763193f23c558bb60b8f154d7701295086ce4ad1767b264001cf1b146227"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-06-02T23:24:27Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2018:56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7FZIE4J3MSPV","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c3dabae265c44307b7fb217e7228a61f4eba9bfd7cef9d57303a74a2595ec6f9","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2018-03-13T13:13:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"bbf6e69dae719b739e6ddaf9c312f32c25d8f77273c48664b09268f2410a7819"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.04773","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"1803.04773","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"1803.04773v1","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.1803.04773","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"56ZM7KJFXMM3","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"56ZM7KJFXMM3SZ7F","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"56ZM7KJF","created_at":"2026-05-18T12:32:08Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:30e3763193f23c558bb60b8f154d7701295086ce4ad1767b264001cf1b146227","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":0,"items":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"To enable a dense integration of model synapses in a spiking neural networks hardware, various nano-scale devices are being considered. Such a device, besides exhibiting spike-time dependent plasticity (STDP), needs to be highly scalable, have a large endurance and require low energy for transitioning between states. In this work, we first introduce and empirically determine two new specifications for an synapse in SNNs: number of conductance levels per synapse and maximum learning-rate. To the best of our knowledge, there are no RRAMs that meet the latter specification. As a solution, we prop","authors_text":"Aditya Shukla, Sandip Lashkare, Sidharth Prasad, Udayan Ganguly","cross_cats":["cs.NE"],"headline":"","license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2018-03-13T13:13:59Z","title":"A case for multiple and parallel RRAMs as synaptic model for training SNNs"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"1803.04773","kind":"arxiv","version":1},"verdict":{"created_at":null,"id":null,"model_set":{},"one_line_summary":"","pipeline_version":null,"pith_extraction_headline":"","strongest_claim":"","weakest_assumption":""}},"verdict_id":null}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:c8974e78266728986ed74475f064bd0d7a8bd36943513780609052a7397b1718","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"c3dabae265c44307b7fb217e7228a61f4eba9bfd7cef9d57303a74a2595ec6f9","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.NE"],"license":"http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/","primary_cat":"cs.ET","submitted_at":"2018-03-13T13:13:59Z","title_canon_sha256":"bbf6e69dae719b739e6ddaf9c312f32c25d8f77273c48664b09268f2410a7819"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"1803.04773","kind":"arxiv","version":1}},"canonical_sha256":"efb2cfa925bb19b967e5ca09c4ed927d640a17eae19d7fba186fbea47f5df33b","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"efb2cfa925bb19b967e5ca09c4ed927d640a17eae19d7fba186fbea47f5df33b","first_computed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17.925854Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17.925854Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"0+XhlM2C4AppGbxgfXO/3siitoBQHQbyL4jwadv74Zn8KRFENwGZEN4QCxXgJ0zdZofM2L7OOaTpjI4c6wtTDQ==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-18T00:21:17.926345Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"1803.04773","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":1}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:c8974e78266728986ed74475f064bd0d7a8bd36943513780609052a7397b1718","sha256:30e3763193f23c558bb60b8f154d7701295086ce4ad1767b264001cf1b146227"],"state_sha256":"78865c361d50637612a1d78da50822a5c3acdedc499082d0b0b6e0c702ad6c54"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"R5QWD4exm9fwwvqOvdMAb2lq/auvEgM+1mEIwsx1waW26JiOlPtzKIjSMMnk7kQvMjQUPhXFohDcfY+13YbyCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-06-02T23:24:27.492047Z","bundle_sha256":"6f0aa247fe4bd0dd9cde48d3332a05c7cc741efd4419d16064ad7ed985baa96f"}}