{"bundle_type":"pith_open_graph_bundle","bundle_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF","short_pith_number":"pith:5C2ALEVV","canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.10871","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T17:24:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"d8e4d47c8e9f3f85e6f95fd49af020b5580223b7551d385fc76276bae86b43a1","abstract_canon_sha256":"686596159bf3d9201f3760767d0416354c739d1e2be043141f1a4dfc7198d906"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e8b40592b5eebce3347ed0107c35c3597f548620e9c3fecf43f1106bc6b841b8","source":{"kind":"arxiv","id":"2605.10871","version":2},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.10871","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.10871v2","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.10871","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5C2ALEVV526O","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5C2ALEVV526OGND6","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5C2ALEVV","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"}],"events":[{"event_type":"record_created","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF","target":"record","payload":{"canonical_record":{"source":{"id":"2605.10871","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"metadata":{"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T17:24:42Z","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"title_canon_sha256":"d8e4d47c8e9f3f85e6f95fd49af020b5580223b7551d385fc76276bae86b43a1","abstract_canon_sha256":"686596159bf3d9201f3760767d0416354c739d1e2be043141f1a4dfc7198d906"},"schema_version":"1.0"},"canonical_sha256":"e8b40592b5eebce3347ed0107c35c3597f548620e9c3fecf43f1106bc6b841b8","receipt":{"kind":"pith_receipt","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","signed_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35.827256Z","signature_b64":"zJtpP9kOoX7AG+yGOmzKvYiUnzguqBCU8W7em0kppEM0lSVajQ259yYi+4Xc6FsR+txBHEwubE46tBrscgshBA==","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","receipt_version":"0.3","canonical_sha256":"e8b40592b5eebce3347ed0107c35c3597f548620e9c3fecf43f1106bc6b841b8","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35.826181Z","signature_status":"signed_v1","first_computed_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35.826181Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"source_kind":"arxiv","source_id":"2605.10871","source_version":2,"attestation_state":"computed"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"OYEmxRdV25L/PxmUNEG7VOIJU7IUo41pr/yMZjpc+vkO+OsZoG/jG4+dElagJi7t6SyxjapRHM4n/SMVQk2yDg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T10:39:59.448360Z"},"content_sha256":"a9e16aa41f051f542f9766580c154f170ea5a15c55be9bb8e43256c22e455f36","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:a9e16aa41f051f542f9766580c154f170ea5a15c55be9bb8e43256c22e455f36"},{"event_type":"graph_snapshot","subject_pith_number":"pith:2026:5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF","target":"graph","payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"paper":{"title":"Attractor-Vascular Coupling Theory: Formal Grounding and Empirical Validation for AAMI-Standard Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation from Smartphone Photoplethysmography","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","headline":"Cardiac attractor geometry from photoplethysmography encodes blood pressure data sufficient for AAMI-standard cuffless estimation.","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","authors_text":"Farouk Ganiyu Adewumi, Timothy Oladunni","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T17:24:42Z","abstract_excerpt":"This work proposes Attractor-Vascular Coupling Theory (AVCT), a mathematical framework showing that cardiac attractor geometry encodes blood pressure (BP) information sufficient for AAMI-standard estimation, and validates the theory through a calibrated cuffless BP model using photoplethysmography (PPG). AVCT is grounded in Cardiac Stability Theory and operationalized using Takens delay embedding and attractor morphology extraction. Two theorems, one proposition, and one corollary formally justify the use of PPG attractor features for BP estimation and predict the feature-importance hierarchy."},"claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"kind":"strongest_claim","text":"A LightGBM model using PTT and CSI attractor features under single-point calibration achieved SBP MAE 2.05 mmHg, DBP MAE 1.67 mmHg, r=0.990/0.991 on 29,684 windows from 46 subjects, satisfying AAMI/IEEE SP10, with PPG-only ablation matching ECG+PPG within 0.05 mmHg and 91.5% error reduction from uncalibrated baseline.","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C1","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"weakest_assumption","text":"That the four AVCT predictions (including feature-importance hierarchy) are derived from Cardiac Stability Theory and Takens embedding rather than being post-hoc statements fitted to the same BIDMC/VitalDB data used for model evaluation.","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C2","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"one_line_summary","text":"AVCT theory plus LightGBM on PPG attractor features achieves 2.05/1.67 mmHg MAE for SBP/DBP under LOSO-CV and meets AAMI criteria with smartphone-only input.","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C3","attestation":"unclaimed"},{"kind":"headline","text":"Cardiac attractor geometry from photoplethysmography encodes blood pressure data sufficient for AAMI-standard cuffless estimation.","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","claim_id":"C4","attestation":"unclaimed"}],"snapshot_sha256":"0bd9f64b692d97795ee5b18fd375e910edd9fa27b05ad8fd8847ef360d47e46a"},"source":{"id":"2605.10871","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"id":"5af4cbe6-e432-41be-a280-199710197986","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"created_at":"2026-05-12T03:53:21.378718Z","strongest_claim":"A LightGBM model using PTT and CSI attractor features under single-point calibration achieved SBP MAE 2.05 mmHg, DBP MAE 1.67 mmHg, r=0.990/0.991 on 29,684 windows from 46 subjects, satisfying AAMI/IEEE SP10, with PPG-only ablation matching ECG+PPG within 0.05 mmHg and 91.5% error reduction from uncalibrated baseline.","one_line_summary":"AVCT theory plus LightGBM on PPG attractor features achieves 2.05/1.67 mmHg MAE for SBP/DBP under LOSO-CV and meets AAMI criteria with smartphone-only input.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","weakest_assumption":"That the four AVCT predictions (including feature-importance hierarchy) are derived from Cardiac Stability Theory and Takens embedding rather than being post-hoc statements fitted to the same BIDMC/VitalDB data used for model evaluation.","pith_extraction_headline":"Cardiac attractor geometry from photoplethysmography encodes blood pressure data sufficient for AAMI-standard cuffless estimation."},"integrity":{"clean":true,"summary":{"advisory":0,"critical":0,"by_detector":{},"informational":0},"endpoint":"/pith/2605.10871/integrity.json","findings":[],"available":true,"detectors_run":[{"name":"ai_meta_artifact","ran_at":"2026-05-19T14:33:58.873217Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0},{"name":"doi_title_agreement","ran_at":"2026-05-19T10:31:17.422764Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0},{"name":"doi_compliance","ran_at":"2026-05-19T08:56:09.310226Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0","findings_count":0}],"snapshot_sha256":"b819c7a7b93dbe2986ff65f2636da3ef0e1f329b42b6ff8e967d4e1c3871df35"},"references":{"count":0,"sample":[],"resolved_work":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","internal_anchors":0},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":2,"snapshot_sha256":"6fa10b7322e9c55515cd66b10d2e652789828cf28d73b126330084ab8d659c2b"},"author_claims":{"count":0,"strong_count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1"},"verdict_id":"5af4cbe6-e432-41be-a280-199710197986"},"signer":{"signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54"},"created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z","supersedes":[],"prev_event":null,"signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"oJA2xRyDUt2vSnJFfIAzrWFTI+eYoL0NKMJIvtzFkkSIlGRBVTl/1gj1stWZvUa9YS7AOnw9pbApnpO7q1ZmBg==","signed_message":"open_graph_event_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T10:39:59.449361Z"},"content_sha256":"f5f979df6e1d186d04645c43b0df71df569c7d33c7addeb63d5acb0257c1338b","schema_version":"1.0","event_id":"sha256:f5f979df6e1d186d04645c43b0df71df569c7d33c7addeb63d5acb0257c1338b"}],"timestamp_proofs":[],"mirror_hints":[{"mirror_type":"https","name":"Pith Resolver","base_url":"https://pith.science","bundle_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF/bundle.json","state_url":"https://pith.science/pith/5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF/state.json","well_known_bundle_url":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF/bundle.json","status":"primary"}],"public_keys":[{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","algorithm":"ed25519","format":"raw","public_key_b64":"stVStoiQhXFxp4s2pdzPNoqVNBMojDU/fJ2db5S3CbM=","public_key_hex":"b2d552b68890857171a78b36a5dccf368a953413288c353f7c9d9d6f94b709b3","fingerprint_sha256_b32_first128bits":"RVFV5Z2OI2J3ZUO7ERDEBCYNKS","fingerprint_sha256_hex":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","rotates_at":null,"url":"https://pith.science/pith-signing-key.json","notes":"Pith uses this Ed25519 key to sign canonical record SHA-256 digests. Verify with: ed25519_verify(public_key, message=canonical_sha256_bytes, signature=base64decode(signature_b64))."}],"merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","built_at":"2026-05-25T10:39:59Z","links":{"resolver":"https://pith.science/pith/5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF","bundle":"https://pith.science/pith/5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF/bundle.json","state":"https://pith.science/pith/5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF/state.json","well_known_bundle":"https://pith.science/.well-known/pith/5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF/bundle.json"},"state":{"state_type":"pith_open_graph_state","state_version":"1.0","pith_number":"pith:2026:5C2ALEVV526OGND62AIHYNODLF","merge_version":"pith-open-graph-merge-v1","event_count":2,"valid_event_count":2,"invalid_event_count":0,"equivocation_count":0,"current":{"canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"686596159bf3d9201f3760767d0416354c739d1e2be043141f1a4dfc7198d906","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T17:24:42Z","title_canon_sha256":"d8e4d47c8e9f3f85e6f95fd49af020b5580223b7551d385fc76276bae86b43a1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.10871","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"source_aliases":[{"alias_kind":"arxiv","alias_value":"2605.10871","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"arxiv_version","alias_value":"2605.10871v2","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"doi","alias_value":"10.48550/arxiv.2605.10871","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_12","alias_value":"5C2ALEVV526O","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_16","alias_value":"5C2ALEVV526OGND6","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"},{"alias_kind":"pith_short_8","alias_value":"5C2ALEVV","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z"}],"graph_snapshots":[{"event_id":"sha256:f5f979df6e1d186d04645c43b0df71df569c7d33c7addeb63d5acb0257c1338b","target":"graph","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"graph_snapshot":{"author_claims":{"count":0,"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57","strong_count":0},"builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","claims":{"count":4,"items":[{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C1","kind":"strongest_claim","source":"verdict.strongest_claim","status":"machine_extracted","text":"A LightGBM model using PTT and CSI attractor features under single-point calibration achieved SBP MAE 2.05 mmHg, DBP MAE 1.67 mmHg, r=0.990/0.991 on 29,684 windows from 46 subjects, satisfying AAMI/IEEE SP10, with PPG-only ablation matching ECG+PPG within 0.05 mmHg and 91.5% error reduction from uncalibrated baseline."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C2","kind":"weakest_assumption","source":"verdict.weakest_assumption","status":"machine_extracted","text":"That the four AVCT predictions (including feature-importance hierarchy) are derived from Cardiac Stability Theory and Takens embedding rather than being post-hoc statements fitted to the same BIDMC/VitalDB data used for model evaluation."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C3","kind":"one_line_summary","source":"verdict.one_line_summary","status":"machine_extracted","text":"AVCT theory plus LightGBM on PPG attractor features achieves 2.05/1.67 mmHg MAE for SBP/DBP under LOSO-CV and meets AAMI criteria with smartphone-only input."},{"attestation":"unclaimed","claim_id":"C4","kind":"headline","source":"verdict.pith_extraction.headline","status":"machine_extracted","text":"Cardiac attractor geometry from photoplethysmography encodes blood pressure data sufficient for AAMI-standard cuffless estimation."}],"snapshot_sha256":"0bd9f64b692d97795ee5b18fd375e910edd9fa27b05ad8fd8847ef360d47e46a"},"formal_canon":{"evidence_count":2,"snapshot_sha256":"6fa10b7322e9c55515cd66b10d2e652789828cf28d73b126330084ab8d659c2b"},"integrity":{"available":true,"clean":true,"detectors_run":[{"findings_count":0,"name":"ai_meta_artifact","ran_at":"2026-05-19T14:33:58.873217Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0"},{"findings_count":0,"name":"doi_title_agreement","ran_at":"2026-05-19T10:31:17.422764Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0"},{"findings_count":0,"name":"doi_compliance","ran_at":"2026-05-19T08:56:09.310226Z","status":"completed","version":"1.0.0"}],"endpoint":"/pith/2605.10871/integrity.json","findings":[],"snapshot_sha256":"b819c7a7b93dbe2986ff65f2636da3ef0e1f329b42b6ff8e967d4e1c3871df35","summary":{"advisory":0,"by_detector":{},"critical":0,"informational":0}},"paper":{"abstract_excerpt":"This work proposes Attractor-Vascular Coupling Theory (AVCT), a mathematical framework showing that cardiac attractor geometry encodes blood pressure (BP) information sufficient for AAMI-standard estimation, and validates the theory through a calibrated cuffless BP model using photoplethysmography (PPG). AVCT is grounded in Cardiac Stability Theory and operationalized using Takens delay embedding and attractor morphology extraction. Two theorems, one proposition, and one corollary formally justify the use of PPG attractor features for BP estimation and predict the feature-importance hierarchy.","authors_text":"Farouk Ganiyu Adewumi, Timothy Oladunni","cross_cats":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"headline":"Cardiac attractor geometry from photoplethysmography encodes blood pressure data sufficient for AAMI-standard cuffless estimation.","license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T17:24:42Z","title":"Attractor-Vascular Coupling Theory: Formal Grounding and Empirical Validation for AAMI-Standard Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation from Smartphone Photoplethysmography"},"references":{"count":0,"internal_anchors":0,"resolved_work":0,"sample":[],"snapshot_sha256":"258153158e38e3291e3d48162225fcdb2d5a3ed65a07baac614ab91432fd4f57"},"source":{"id":"2605.10871","kind":"arxiv","version":2},"verdict":{"created_at":"2026-05-12T03:53:21.378718Z","id":"5af4cbe6-e432-41be-a280-199710197986","model_set":{"reader":"grok-4.3"},"one_line_summary":"AVCT theory plus LightGBM on PPG attractor features achieves 2.05/1.67 mmHg MAE for SBP/DBP under LOSO-CV and meets AAMI criteria with smartphone-only input.","pipeline_version":"pith-pipeline@v0.9.0","pith_extraction_headline":"Cardiac attractor geometry from photoplethysmography encodes blood pressure data sufficient for AAMI-standard cuffless estimation.","strongest_claim":"A LightGBM model using PTT and CSI attractor features under single-point calibration achieved SBP MAE 2.05 mmHg, DBP MAE 1.67 mmHg, r=0.990/0.991 on 29,684 windows from 46 subjects, satisfying AAMI/IEEE SP10, with PPG-only ablation matching ECG+PPG within 0.05 mmHg and 91.5% error reduction from uncalibrated baseline.","weakest_assumption":"That the four AVCT predictions (including feature-importance hierarchy) are derived from Cardiac Stability Theory and Takens embedding rather than being post-hoc statements fitted to the same BIDMC/VitalDB data used for model evaluation."}},"verdict_id":"5af4cbe6-e432-41be-a280-199710197986"}}],"author_attestations":[],"timestamp_anchors":[],"storage_attestations":[],"citation_signatures":[],"replication_records":[],"corrections":[],"mirror_hints":[],"record_created":{"event_id":"sha256:a9e16aa41f051f542f9766580c154f170ea5a15c55be9bb8e43256c22e455f36","target":"record","created_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35Z","signer":{"key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signer_id":"pith.science","signer_type":"pith_registry"},"payload":{"attestation_state":"computed","canonical_record":{"metadata":{"abstract_canon_sha256":"686596159bf3d9201f3760767d0416354c739d1e2be043141f1a4dfc7198d906","cross_cats_sorted":["cs.AI","cs.LG"],"license":"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","primary_cat":"physics.med-ph","submitted_at":"2026-05-11T17:24:42Z","title_canon_sha256":"d8e4d47c8e9f3f85e6f95fd49af020b5580223b7551d385fc76276bae86b43a1"},"schema_version":"1.0","source":{"id":"2605.10871","kind":"arxiv","version":2}},"canonical_sha256":"e8b40592b5eebce3347ed0107c35c3597f548620e9c3fecf43f1106bc6b841b8","receipt":{"algorithm":"ed25519","builder_version":"pith-number-builder-2026-05-17-v1","canonical_sha256":"e8b40592b5eebce3347ed0107c35c3597f548620e9c3fecf43f1106bc6b841b8","first_computed_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35.826181Z","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","kind":"pith_receipt","last_reissued_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35.826181Z","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","receipt_version":"0.3","signature_b64":"zJtpP9kOoX7AG+yGOmzKvYiUnzguqBCU8W7em0kppEM0lSVajQ259yYi+4Xc6FsR+txBHEwubE46tBrscgshBA==","signature_status":"signed_v1","signed_at":"2026-05-20T00:04:35.827256Z","signed_message":"canonical_sha256_bytes"},"source_id":"2605.10871","source_kind":"arxiv","source_version":2}}},"equivocations":[],"invalid_events":[],"applied_event_ids":["sha256:a9e16aa41f051f542f9766580c154f170ea5a15c55be9bb8e43256c22e455f36","sha256:f5f979df6e1d186d04645c43b0df71df569c7d33c7addeb63d5acb0257c1338b"],"state_sha256":"25f94d7162c7ab3ce69674529eaae3690a3cd1a098f8029078ed0b0e3f329e7a"},"bundle_signature":{"signature_status":"signed_v1","algorithm":"ed25519","key_id":"pith-v1-2026-05","public_key_fingerprint":"8d4b5ee74e4693bcd1df2446408b0d54","signature_b64":"jyNkAu5ss69H8Z9nxCpD46Cg9OP8svhY5bISM23Sqv636HSjJ41Jxj2eNIT4MBBHEtOXvkWVOnuQNF3FWfbyCQ==","signed_message":"bundle_sha256_bytes","signed_at":"2026-05-25T10:39:59.453573Z","bundle_sha256":"f580961547db4971c57bbb360eea9c3298a8a1e259b72f749af84a696453e18c"}}